Biology Concepts Quiz

They discovered the structure of DNA, which contains hereditary information.

DNA is passed from cell to cell during cell division, ensuring hereditary information is retained.

Cytology, biochemistry, and genetics converge to form modern cell biology.

<p>Microscopy was pivotal in observing and understanding cell structures, validating cell theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocytosis is the process of transporting substances into cells, with two types being phagocytosis ('cell eating') and pinocytosis ('cell drinking').</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells typically range from 20 µm (2 x 10^-5 m) to 200 µm (2 x 10^-4 m).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobic respiration is a chemical reaction that releases energy from food, requiring the presence of oxygen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The maximum resolution of a light microscope is approximately 200 nm (2 x 10^-7 m).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis is significant for the division of somatic cells, while meiosis is crucial for the formation of germ cells like sperm and oocytes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brightfield microscopy and phase contrast microscopy are two subtypes of light microscopy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confocal microscopy generates 3D images of living cells and captures changes over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fertilized oocyte gives rise to approximately 37 trillion cells in a human body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperplasia refers to an abnormal increase in the size of an organ due to increased cell division in response to a stimulus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypertrophy is the enlargement of cells, which can be beneficial in muscle cells through exercise but may be harmful if associated with heart disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Responsiveness to stimuli is fundamental because it allows living organisms to adapt and react to their environment for survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differentiated cells are specialized cells that perform specific functions in tissues and organs, contributing to the overall functioning of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells are considered the smallest living entities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses can infect all organisms including plants, animals, and bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses do not metabolize on their own and cannot reproduce independently; they require a host.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No, viruses cannot grow or reproduce outside of a host cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prions are infectious proteins that do not contain DNA or RNA, unlike viruses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All living entities must harness energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Living entities take in energy by eating and drinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Viruses do not respond to stimuli in the way living organisms do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antibodies are used to detect specific proteins by binding to them and are coupled with fluorescent probes for visualization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A confocal microscope provides 3D images by using a focused laser beam to eliminate out-of-focus light, enhancing image resolution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Live cell imaging allows researchers to observe cellular processes and movement in real time, providing insights into cell dynamics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Super high-resolution microscopy allows imaging at resolutions below 100 nm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scanning electron microscopy is used to visualize the surface features of small samples, such as tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TEM provides detailed images of internal structures by transmitting electrons through thin samples, while SEM focuses on surface details.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A living entity is characterized by the ability to grow, reproduce, respond to stimuli, and maintain homeostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscopy has played a crucial role in the discovery and understanding of cells, fundamentally shaping the field of biology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He observed unicellular microorganisms, termed 'animalcules'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Matthias Schleiden</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All organisms consist of one or more cells and the cell is the basic structural unit of all organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He concluded that cells arise from pre-existing cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anton van Leeuwenhoek</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1676</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It posited that the cell is the basis for reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was a time that lacked significant progress in various sciences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microscopy allowed for the discovery and observation of cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers