Biology Classification Flashcards

Study Notes

Classification and Taxonomy

Classification involves grouping organisms based on physical characteristics.
Taxonomy is the scientific study of how organisms are categorized and named.

Contributions of Linnaeus

Carl Linnaeus introduced a two-part naming system for organisms called binomial nomenclature.
Each organism is given a genus name followed by a species name, e.g., Felis lionis (genus: Felis, species: lionis).

Categories of Classification

Organisms are classified into hierarchical categories: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
Each level of classification represents a different degree of relatedness among organisms.

Kingdom

The kingdom is the broadest classification category, encompassing groups that share general characteristics.
Key factors for classification in this category include the number of cells and methods of obtaining food (e.g., autotrophy vs. heterotrophy).

Phylum

A phylum is a more specific classification that includes organisms based on particular features.
It distinguishes organisms by significant traits, such as the presence of a backbone (vertebrates) versus the absence of a backbone (invertebrates).

Genus

The genus groups organisms that have similar physical traits and evolutionary relationships.
Organisms within the same genus are closely related and share common characteristics.

Species

A species is the most specific classification and consists of organisms that share similar DNA.
Members of the same species can reproduce and produce viable offspring that can also reproduce, maintaining genetic continuity.

Description

Explore the world of biological classification with these flashcards. Learn important terminology like taxonomy and the categories used in classification. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of how scientists categorize organisms.