Biology: Citric Acid Cycle Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which molecule is oxidized during the citric acid cycle?

  • Oxaloacetate
  • Acetyl CoA (correct)
  • NAD+
  • FAD

    • What is produced from 2 Acetyl CoA during the citric acid cycle?

  • 2 NADH
  • 4 CO2 (correct)
  • 6 OAA
  • 2 ATP (correct)

    • Which of the following statements is true regarding NADH and FADH2?

  • They serve as electron carriers. (correct)
  • They are both oxidized forms of NAD+ and FAD.
  • They do not have potential energy.
  • They are produced during glycolysis.

    • What is the primary location of the citric acid cycle within the cell?

    <p>Mitochondrial matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules are reduced during the citric acid cycle?

    <p>6 NAD+ and 2 FAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when protons move back across the selectively permeable membrane from high concentration to low concentration?

    <p>Chemiosmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sequence correctly represents the flow of electrons during aerobic cellular respiration?

    <p>Glucose → Electron carriers → Electron transport chain → Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net ATP production from cellular respiration, considering the given values for NADH and FADH2?

    <p>28-32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fermentation occurs in mammals in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>Lactic acid fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During fermentation, what is the key purpose of regenerating NAD+?

    <p>To allow glycolysis to continue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does NAD+ play in redox reactions?

    <p>It serves as an oxidizing agent by accepting electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is oxidation defined as in the context of redox reactions?

    <p>Loss of electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an oxidizing agent do during a redox reaction?

    <p>It accepts electrons from another compound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the flow of energy through living systems?

    <p>Carbohydrate → respiration → ATP → heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an energy shell in an atom?

    <p>A distance from the nucleus where electrons have varying potentials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about reduction in a redox reaction is accurate?

    <p>It always occurs simultaneously with oxidation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is energy from the sun ultimately utilized in living organisms?

    <p>It transforms into carbohydrates through photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change occurs to NAD+ when it accepts an electron?

    <p>It transforms into NADH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process generates the most ATP per glucose molecule?

    <p>Aerobic respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product of alcoholic fermentation?

    <p>Ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway occurs in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which process is NAD+ used as an input during glycolysis?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT require oxygen as an input?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of fermentation?

    <p>To regenerate NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule accepts electrons in the initial glycolysis process?

    <p>NAD+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway produces lactate as a final product?

    <p>Lactic acid fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which example represents the reduced forms of the two major electron carriers?

    <p>NADH and FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some marathon runners attempt to 'carbo load' before a big race?

    <p>The bonds in carbohydrates have high potential energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following summarizes the net final products of glycolysis?

    <p>Two molecules of pyruvate, two molecules of ATP, and two molecules of NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tracing the metabolism of one glucose molecule, how many carbon atoms are available for further oxidation at the completion of the pyruvate oxidation stage?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Once processed through the citric acid cycle, the acetyl-CoA molecules from a single glucose molecule produce:

    <p>2 ATP, 6 NADH, 4 CO2, and 2 FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pH in the intermembrane space as hydrogen ions are moved into it?

    <p>It becomes more acidic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following creates a proton gradient in cellular respiration?

    <p>The electron transport chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do protons move through ATP synthase?

    <p>Facilitated diffusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when oxygen combines with protons and electrons?

    <p>It is reduced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pH of the mitochondrial matrix in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>It would go down.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be added to restore citric acid cycle activity in the absence of oxygen?

    <p>NAD+ or FAD.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect might be expected from the presence of oligomycin, an antibiotic that blocks ATP synthase?

    <p>Lower pH in the intermembrane space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule carries the smallest amount of potential energy derived from glucose during cellular respiration?

    <p>ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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