Biology Chapter: Organization of Life

<p>Facilitating the transport of water and nutrients in plants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A substance that readily dissolves in water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its cohesive behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It will readily dissolve in water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It facilitates most of an organism’s cellular chemistry and metabolism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of atoms of each element must be the same. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cations, with a positive charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electron Transfer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The electrical attraction between ions with opposite charges. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen bonds between water molecules make it difficult to separate them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrogen bonding makes it more difficult to separate water molecules, increasing the heat of vaporization. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The bond formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>$-1$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evaporation requires heat energy, cooling the environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water is capable of dissolving other molecules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The direction of the chemical reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they are necessary for nerve impulse conduction, muscle contractions, and water balance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The compound dissociates into ions, which are then surrounded by water molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of water molecules surrounding an ion or polar molecule. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An ecosystem encompasses a community along with the abiotic factors in a specific area. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biosphere (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water's high heat capacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solvent is water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA as genetic material and enclosure by a plasma membrane. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warm seas, many carbon-based molecules, an energy input from lightening and volcanoes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All cells arise from pre-existing cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An explanation that encompasses all of the known information in a field of study. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It represents the zones of life on Earth, including land, water, and the atmosphere. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lipid molecules enclose cells which creates a plasma membrane. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They readily donate OH- or take up hydrogen ions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH decreases by one unit. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain a stable pH by absorbing excess $H^+$ or $OH^-$. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are components of a buffer system that maintains blood pH. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic (alkaline). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pH of the blood increases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The blood becomes more alkaline. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrochloric acid (HCl). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain a stable pH level. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By absorbing hydrogen ions to moderate pH. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesizing proteins from amino acids. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capacity to do work. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy is required for both synthesis and breakdown of molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anabolic reactions require energy to synthesize complex molecules, whereas catabolic reactions release energy by breaking down complex molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintenance of cell shape. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the chemical reactions that take place inside cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sum of populations inhabiting a specific area.

All living things plus abiotic factors in an area.

The collection of all ecosystems on Earth.

All living things are made of cells; cells come from pre-existing cells.

Genes located on chromosomes determine inheritance.

Evolution occurs through differential survival and reproduction.

Non-living components of an ecosystem such as water and soil.

The gel-like substance inside a cell, surrounding organelles.

Water has unique properties crucial for life, including high heat capacity, polarity, and solvent abilities.

Water molecules have a slight positive charge on hydrogens and a slight negative charge on oxygen, making them polar.

Weak attractions between the positive hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the negative oxygen of another.

Substances that interact readily with or dissolve in water are called hydrophilic.

Water molecules stick to each other due to hydrogen bonding, contributing to surface tension.

Water's ability to stick to other substances, helping it climb structures like plant stems.

Substances that can donate protons (acids) or accept protons (bases), affecting pH and homeostasis.

Substances that minimize changes in pH by neutralizing acids or bases, important for maintaining homeostasis.

The amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance.

The energy needed to convert a liquid into a gas at its boiling point.

The process where molecules transition from liquid to gas at less than boiling point.

A substance that can dissolve other substances to form a solution.

The substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution.

A solution where water is the solvent.

The separation of ions when an ionic compound dissolves in water.

An arrow drawn to show the direction of a chemical reaction between reactants and products.

An equation where the number of atoms for each element is equal on both sides.

Atoms that have gained or lost electrons, resulting in a net charge.

Positive ions formed by losing electrons.

Negative ions formed by gaining electrons.

Ions like sodium and potassium that are essential for bodily functions.

The movement of electrons from one atom to another in a reaction.

An attraction between oppositely charged ions, forming compounds like salt.

A strong acid that fully dissociates into hydrogen and chloride ions.

Acids that do not completely dissociate in solution, such as those in vinegar.

Substances that readily donate hydroxide ions (OH-) or accept hydrogen ions.

A scale from 0 to 14 measuring acidity (below 7) and basicity (above 7).

A scale where each unit change represents a ten-fold change in concentration.

An acid that participates in buffering blood pH, formed from CO2 and water.

Achieved through buffers like carbonic acid and bicarbonate to regulate H+ concentration.

A mechanism that stabilizes pH levels in the body.

An ion that helps increase blood pH by absorbing hydrogen.

The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell, including energy use.

Chemical reactions that consume energy to build complex molecules.

Chemical reactions that release energy by breaking down complex molecules.

Energy stored in an object because of its position.

Energy of motion; any object in movement has kinetic energy.

The study of energy transformations in physical and biological systems.