Biology Chapter on Proteins and Nucleic Acids
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Questions and Answers

Which type of protein is primarily responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions?

  • Catalytic protein (correct)
  • Transport protein
  • Defense protein
  • Structural protein

    • What type of protein provides strength and support to structures in the body?

  • Contractile protein
  • Structural protein (correct)
  • Transport protein
  • Hormonal protein

    • Which of the following correctly identifies the two types of nucleic acids?

  • DNA and RNA (correct)
  • mRNA and rRNA
  • RNA and tRNA
  • DNA and mRNA

    • What are the three components of a nucleotide?

    <p>Pentose sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nitrogenous bases are classified as purines?

    <p>Adenine and Guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is missing from a nucleotide to classify it as a nucleoside?

    <p>Phosphate group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is involved in regulating blood glucose levels?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of protein is Immunoglobulin classified as?

    <p>Defensive protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of the cytoskeleton in maintaining cell shape?

    <p>Providing strength to cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for anchoring cilia and flagella to the cell?

    <p>Basal body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of microtubules in a centrioles structure?

    <p>9+0 arrangement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of cilia?

    <p>Aid in muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movements do cilia and flagella facilitate in the cell?

    <p>Undulating movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature distinguishes flagella from cilia?

    <p>Flagella are generally longer than cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the role of the cytoskeleton in muscle contraction?

    <p>It provides a structural framework for contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during cytokinesis in animal cells?

    <p>Formation of a cleavage furrow occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of mitosis in animal cells?

    <p>Development of genetically identical daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does lignin play in the structure of plant cell walls?

    <p>It anchors cellulose fibers together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of meiosis is known as the reduction division?

    <p>Meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the plant cell wall?

    <p>Facilitating cellular respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

    <p>Prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell junction prevents leakage of extracellular fluids?

    <p>Tight junctions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure holds homologous chromosomes together during synapsis?

    <p>Synaptonemal complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main significance of mitosis?

    <p>Asexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which junction provides direct cytoplasmic connections between adjacent cells in plants?

    <p>Plasmodesmata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of meiosis?

    <p>Four haploid daughter cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?

    <p>Collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following phases does NOT occur during mitosis?

    <p>Synapsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell junction mechanically attaches neighboring cells' cytoskeletons?

    <p>Desmosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the formation of the spindle in animal cells during meiosis?

    <p>Centrosome movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of gap junctions in animal cells?

    <p>To communicate and exchange materials between cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes plasmodesmata?

    <p>Membrane-lined channels connecting plant cell cytoplasm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a normal cell undergoing transformation?

    <p>It turns into an abnormal cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benign tumor?

    <p>A tumor that remains at the original site and can be surgically removed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do malignant tumors behave?

    <p>They become invasive and may spread to other parts of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe the spread of cancer cells to distant sites?

    <p>Metastasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes galls in plants?

    <p>Invasion by specific organisms that disrupt cell organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes metabolism?

    <p>It is the sum of all biochemical reactions in living beings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is catabolism?

    <p>The breakdown of complex molecules to release free energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is ATP known as the universal currency of energy transactions?

    <p>It serves as the energy carrier in all living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the new resource book mentioned?

    <p>To provide subject content in the mother tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for the supervision of the resource book?

    <p>Mr.R.S.J.P.Uduporuwa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue did teachers and students face with the previously used textbooks?

    <p>They contained contradictions and excessive material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about the quality of the new resource book?

    <p>It is recommended as material of high standard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who authored the new resource book?

    <p>Specialist subject teachers and university lecturers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of education does the resource book cater to?

    <p>Advanced Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual is mentioned as part of the subject leadership for this resource book?

    <p>Miss.P.T.M.K.C.Tennakoon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key feature of the new resource book compared to previous textbooks?

    <p>It adheres strictly to the local curriculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    G.C.E. (Advanced Level) Biology - Grade 12 Resource Book

    • The resource book is for G.C.E. (Advanced Level) Biology, Grade 12 students.
    • It was produced by the Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, National Institute of Education, Sri Lanka.
    • The first print was in 2017.
    • The book provides supplementary material to support the implementation of the Grade 12 and 13 syllabi and Teacher's Guides.
    • It encompasses the relevant subject material for Grade 12 biology.
    • The book acknowledges the contributions of NIE staff and external experts.
    • The book aims to rationalize the curriculum for G.C.E. (Advanced Level) Biology in Sri Lanka, updating the content, form, and materials.
    • The book provides a comprehensive overview of the subject matter.
    • The book covers topics such as: Introduction to Biology, Chemical and cellular basis of life, Evolution and diversity of organisms, Plant form and function, Animal form and function, and additional content.
    • The book includes detailed explanations of biological concepts.
    • The book provides examples, diagrams, and tables to aid in understanding the concepts.
    • The book includes information about the structure and functions of various organisms from different life domains.

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    GCE Advanced Level Biology Resource Book PDF (Grade 12)

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the roles of proteins and nucleic acids in biological systems. This quiz covers enzyme functions, structural proteins, and various components of nucleotides. Challenge yourself with questions on cytoskeleton functions and cellular movements.

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