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20 Questions

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Biology Chapter on Protein Structure

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Questions and Answers

What is the basic unit of proteins?

Amino acid (correct)

Nucleotide

Fatty acid

Carbohydrate

Which of the following is NOT a level of protein structure?

Primary

Secondary

Hexagonal (correct)

Tertiary

What type of bond links amino acids together in a protein?

Peptide bond (correct)

Ionic bond

Disulfide bridge

Hydrogen bond

Which group of amino acids is typically found in the R group?

Hydrophobic group Signup and view all the answers

What describes the secondary structure of proteins?

Folding of alpha helices Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the initiation codon?

It starts the process of protein synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the genetic code described as degenerate?

Multiple codons can specify the same amino acid. Signup and view all the answers

What feature of the reading frame affects how codons are interpreted?

It dictates that codons are read in groups of three nucleotides. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?

They charge tRNA with the correct amino acid. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes nonsense codons?

They specify no amino acid. Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the initiation of translation in eukaryotes?

5' cap and 3' cap Signup and view all the answers

Which site in the ribosome is responsible for tRNA losing its amino acid?

Exit site (E) Signup and view all the answers

What are the codons that signal termination in translation?

UAA, UAG, UGA Signup and view all the answers

What begins the amino acid sequence during translation?

Met (Methionine) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a post-translational modification of proteins?

Peptide bond formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of tRNA during translation?

To bring amino acids to the ribosome Signup and view all the answers

How many subunits compose eukaryotic ribosomes?

Two subunits of 60S and 40S Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT required for the process of translation?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic initiation?

It promotes ribosome binding to mRNA Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes prokaryotic ribosomes from eukaryotic ribosomes?

Prokaryotic ribosomes consist of fewer subunits Signup and view all the answers