Biology Chapter on Lipids

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What is one of the primary roles of lipids in the human body?

Nucleic acid formation

Signal molecules (correct)

Protein synthesis

Carbohydrate storage

Which lipids are primarily responsible for energy storage and thermal insulation?

Waxes

Triacylglycerols (correct)

Sterols

Phospholipids

What is the structural feature of fatty acids?

A branched structure with no carboxyl group

A polar amino group

A long hydrocarbon chain with a polar carboxyl group (correct)

A cyclic structure with multiple rings

Which type of lipid acts as components of the membrane, especially in nervous tissue?

Sphingolipids Signup and view all the answers

Which lipid does NOT form polymers?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hydrogenating unsaturated fatty acids?

They yield the corresponding saturated fatty acids. Signup and view all the answers

What does the iodine number indicate about fats and oils?

The extent of unsaturation. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antioxidants like vitamin E in fats?

To prevent rancidity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the acid number a measure of?

The quantity of KOH needed to neutralize fatty acids. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of spontaneous oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids?

Creation of fatty acid peroxides and aldehydes. Signup and view all the answers

What are essential fatty acids?

Fatty acids that must be obtained through the diet. Signup and view all the answers

What role do essential fatty acids play in cell membranes?

They are key components of phospholipids that enhance membrane fluidity. Signup and view all the answers

Which fatty acid is derived from linoleic acid?

Arachidonic acid Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a deficiency in essential fatty acids?

It can negatively impact biological processes. Signup and view all the answers

What condition is associated with a metabolic defect in breaking down phytanic acid?

Refsumm's disease Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic distinguishes lipids from carbohydrates and proteins?

Lipids do not form polymers. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions are performed by lipids in the human body?

Serving as signaling molecules Signup and view all the answers

Why are lipids often found in isolated compartments in the body?

They are water-insoluble substances. Signup and view all the answers

Which solvent can lipids be extracted with?

Benzene Signup and view all the answers

What role do lipids play regarding fat-soluble vitamins?

They act as carriers of fat-soluble vitamins. Signup and view all the answers