Questions and Answers
For glycogen to be decomposed to yield glucose, which substances must also be present?
At which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Prophase 1
Which cellular process results in the formation of sugar from carbon dioxide?
Calvin cycle
What is the name for the small, tail-like projection from the cellular membrane that is used for locomotion?
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Which word refers to the lowest region of the spinal cord?
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The Phalanx is a(n)
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The dermis is classified as a(n)
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Upper motor neurons originate in which area of the body?
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Where are the pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors located?
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Where are the baroreceptors located?
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Which structure is an example of a long bone?
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Which structure is divided into four lobes?
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Eye movement and papillary reflexes originate in which part of the central nervous system?
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Which vessel transports blood from the lung to the heart?
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What does the word 'pulmonary' mean?
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Venous refers to which part of the body system?
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What is the primary sympathetic neurohormone?
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An improper balance between calcium and which substance can adversely affect the growth of healthy bone tissue?
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The function of the pulmonary veins is to carry ________________?
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What substance causes extreme dilation of arterioles and capillaries, stagnating blood flow within the tissues and leading to profound shock?
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What is the expected pH of the stomach?
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What mineral is responsible for muscle contraction?
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Bile is secreted into which organ?
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What is the function of glucocorticoids that are secreted from the adrenal cortex?
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What does parathyroid hormone regulate?
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What is the function of aldosterone?
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What is the function of the baroreceptors?
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Which nerve is responsible for regulating the amount of light entering the eye?
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What components of the blood help maintain glomerular oncotic pressure at a normal level of 33mm Hg?
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Segments of a polypeptide chain can coil or fold as a result of hydrogen bonds. What is this structure called?
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What is the concentration of 58.5g of NaCl in 2L of solution?
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What is the correct electron configuration for neon?
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What is the ground state electron configuration for zinc?
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What is a benefit of water's ability to make hydrogen bonds?
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What is the weakest of all the intermolecular forces?
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What is the correct name of MgSO4?
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What is the correct formula for magnesium chloride?
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Phenolphthalein changes from colorless to pink in basic solutions. At what pH value would the solution remain colorless?
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How could water be boiled at room temperature?
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Iodine and carbon dioxide undergo sublimation at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. What is this process?
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A catalyst increases the rate of reaction by ___________.
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Redox reactions are those that occur with a transfer of electrons. What would cause an increase in the oxidation number?
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An experiment is performed to measure the temperature of boiling water at sea level. The actual boiling point is 100C. What term best describes these data?
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Chemical reactions in living systems proceed along catabolic pathways, and there tends to be an increase in _______.
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A diploid germ cell containing 72 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will be in each gamete?
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What is the primary purpose of the flagella on the surface of cells?
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What process is responsible for actively transporting small particles across the cell membrane?
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What is the primary cause of water molecules moving into or out of the cell?
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Why is DNA important for metabolic activities of the cell?
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Which outcome measure would most likely indicate that a sample of water contains acid?
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Which structure is the primary 'control center' for cellular activities?
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Study Notes
Cellular Processes and Structures
- Glycogen breakdown in liver cells requires glucagon and epinephrine.
- Crossing over occurs during Prophase 1 of meiosis.
- The Calvin cycle is essential for forming sugar from carbon dioxide.
- Flagella are tail-like projections used by cells for locomotion.
- The lumbar region refers to the lowest part of the spinal cord.
- The phalynx is a type of bone.
- The dermis is classified as an organ.
Nervous and Circulatory System Components
- Upper motor neurons originate in the motor area of the cerebral hemispheres.
- Pressoreceptors and chemoreceptors are located in the carotid body.
- Baroreceptors are situated in the aorta.
- The pulmonary vein is responsible for transporting blood from the lungs to the heart.
- Pulmonary refers to the lungs.
- Venous relates to the circulation system.
Hormones and Metabolic Functions
- Norepinephrine is the primary sympathetic neurohormone.
- An imbalance between calcium and phosphorus can hinder healthy bone tissue growth.
- Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the left atrium.
- Histamine can cause extreme dilation of arterioles and capillaries, resulting in shock.
- The stomach's expected pH ranges from 0.90 to 1.50.
- Calcium is crucial for muscle contraction.
Digestive and Regulatory Functions
- Bile is secreted into the small intestines.
- Glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
- Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the body.
- Aldosterone conserves sodium within the body.
- The function of baroreceptors is to decrease heart rate.
- The oculomotor nerve regulates light entering the eye.
Blood and Structural Biology
- Proteins maintain a normal glomerular oncotic pressure of 33 mm Hg, preventing excessive water loss from capillaries.
- The secondary structure of a protein involves coiling or folding due to hydrogen bonds.
- A metatarsal is an example of a long bone.
- The liver is divided into four distinct lobes.
Chemical Properties and Reactions
- The concentration of a solution containing 58.5g of NaCl in 2L is 0.5 mol NaCl.
- Neon's correct electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.
- Zinc's ground state electron configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰.
- Water's ability to form hydrogen bonds results in a high specific heat.
- The weakest intermolecular force is known as dispersion.
Acid and Base Concepts
- Phenolphthalein remains colorless at pH 8.4 and turns pink in basic solutions.
- Water can be boiled at room temperature by lowering the pressure.
- Sublimation of iodine and carbon dioxide transitions from solid to gas.
Thermodynamics and Molecular Interactions
- A catalyst increases reaction rates by lowering activation energy.
- In redox reactions, an increase in oxidation number results from oxidation.
- Experiment data showing boiling water temperatures of 104.6°C, 104.5°C, and 104°C demonstrates precision.
- Catabolic pathways in chemical reactions typically increase entropy.
Genetics and Cellular Mechanisms
- A diploid germ cell with 72 chromosomes produces gametes with 36 chromosomes after meiosis.
- The primary role of flagella is for cell movement.
- Pinocytosis is the process that actively transports small particles across the cell membrane.
- Water movement in or out of a cell is driven by a pressure gradient of water molecules along the cell membrane.
- DNA governs metabolic activities by controlling enzyme synthesis.
Water pH and Cellular Control
- Water containing acid would likely show a lower pH level.
- The nucleus functions as the primary control center for cellular activities.
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Description
This quiz covers various aspects of cellular processes, nervous and circulatory systems, and hormones. Explore concepts like glycogen breakdown, meiotic crossing over, and the roles of different neurons and receptors in advanced biological functions. Test your knowledge on the intricate workings of these fundamental systems in biology.
