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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of ATP in cells?
What is the primary role of ATP in cells?
- Energy carrier (correct)
- Waste removal
- Storage of genetic information
- Structural support
ATP is a long-term energy storage molecule in cells.
ATP is a long-term energy storage molecule in cells.
False (B)
What molecule is produced alongside ADP when ATP is hydrolyzed?
What molecule is produced alongside ADP when ATP is hydrolyzed?
Inorganic phosphate (Pi)
The energy in ATP is stored in the bonds between the ______ groups.
The energy in ATP is stored in the bonds between the ______ groups.
Match the following processes with their corresponding equations:
Match the following processes with their corresponding equations:
Flashcards
What is the structure of ATP?
What is the structure of ATP?
ATP is a nucleotide made up of adenine (a nitrogenous base), ribose (a five-carbon sugar), and three phosphate groups.
What is ATP's role in cells?
What is ATP's role in cells?
ATP serves as the primary energy currency in cells, providing energy for vital processes like active transport, DNA replication, and protein synthesis.
Where is the energy stored in ATP?
Where is the energy stored in ATP?
The energy stored in ATP is primarily located in the high-energy bonds between the phosphate groups, particularly between the second and third phosphate groups.
What is the process of ATP hydrolysis?
What is the process of ATP hydrolysis?
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How is ATP regenerated?
How is ATP regenerated?
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Study Notes
ATP Structure
- ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a nucleotide.
- It's composed of adenine (nitrogenous base), ribose (five-carbon sugar), and three phosphate groups.
ATP's Role in Energy Transfer
- ATP is the primary energy carrier in cells.
- It fuels essential cellular processes like active transport, DNA replication, and protein synthesis.
- Energy is stored in the bonds between phosphate groups, particularly the high-energy bond between the second and third phosphate groups.
ATP Hydrolysis
- ATP hydrolase enzyme breaks down ATP into ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
- This process releases energy used in metabolic activities.
- The equation for hydrolysis: ATP + H₂O → ADP + Pi + Energy
ATP Resynthesis
- ATP is regenerated from ADP and Pi in a condensation reaction by ATP synthase.
- This process occurs during respiration or photosynthesis, requiring energy provided by processes like the electron transport chain.
- The equation for synthesis: ADP + Pi + Energy → ATP
Key Characteristics of ATP
- ATP is a short-term energy source, not a long-term storage molecule (compared to glycogen or lipids).
- ATP is soluble and easily transported within cells.
- ATP releases manageable amounts of energy, avoiding waste and facilitating cellular function efficiently.
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