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Biology Chapter: Genotype and Phenotype

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Questions and Answers

What defines a homozygous genotype in plants?

A dominant allele paired with a recessive allele.

Having three alleles of a gene.

Having two different alleles of a gene.

Having two identical alleles of a gene. (correct)

In the F₂ generation of pea plants, what genotype do all F₁ plants share?

RrYy (correct)

rrYY

RRYY

RRYy

Which term describes the observable characteristics of an organism?

Genotype

Dominance

Phenotype (correct)

Allele

What is the expected phenotype in a case of incomplete dominance?

<p>A blending of traits from both parents.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you characterize a heterozygous plant?

<p>Has two different alleles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Phenotype and Genotype

Phenotype: The observable characteristics or traits of an organism.
Genotype: The genetic makeup of an organism. This refers to the actual genes/alleles.

Homozygous and Heterozygous

Homozygous: Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., TT or tt).
Heterozygous: Having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Tt).

F₂ Generation

All F₁ generation offspring have the genotype RrYy.

Phenotype Example in the F₂ Generation

The phenotype of the F₂ generation is "round yellow".
"Round" and "yellow" are the characteristics of the plant's traits.

Incomplete Dominance

In incomplete dominance, the phenotype of a heterozygote is intermediate (mixed) between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.
A dominant homozygous plant and heterozygous plant are indistinguishable in phenotype.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts such as genotype, phenotype, homozygous, and heterozygous traits. Understand the implications of the F₂ generation and explore the principles of incomplete dominance. This quiz is designed for biology students looking to reinforce their understanding of heredity and genetic variation.