Biology Chapter: Enzymes and Ecosystems

Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements best helps explain how the enzyme speeds up the reaction?

The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the transition state, which decreases the activation energy of the reaction. (correct)

The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the product, which increases the amount of energy released by the reaction.

The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes both the reactant and the product at the same time, which increases the reaction's equilibrium constant.

The enzyme's active site binds to and stabilizes the reactant, which decreases the free-energy change of the reaction.

Which of the following is the best prediction of the algal growth if nitrate is added instead of phosphate?

Goes down.

Goes up midway and then stays horizontally flat. (correct)

Goes up rapidly.

Remains constant.

Based upon the data, which of the following best describes the effect on the timing of cicada emergence if the cottonwood ground cover decreases from 50 percent to 25 percent?

Cicadas will emerge approximately 2 days later.

Cicadas will emerge approximately 10 days earlier. (correct)

Cicadas will emerge approximately 2 days earlier.

Cicadas will emerge approximately 10 days later.

Based on the data, which of the following describes the most likely relationship between wildfires, soil temperature, and the timing of cicada emergence in the same year?

Wildfires caused a reduction in ground cover, which in turn caused increased soil temperatures leading to earlier emergence of cicadas. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best predicts the effect of increased cottonwood growth on the food web?

Increased cottonwood growth will provide more resources for cicadas, resulting in an increase in the kestrel population. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about how honeybees communicate the position of flower patches is most consistent with the model?

The farther the target flowers from the hive, the longer the waggle phase. Signup and view all the answers

A researcher proposes that the spawning behavior takes place when the nighttime tides are highest during the month. Which of the following pieces of evidence would best support the researcher's claim?

Grunion spawning occurs every two weeks during the spawning season. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Enzyme Function and Reaction Acceleration

Enzymes increase reaction rates by binding to and stabilizing the transition state.
This stabilization lowers the activation energy required for the reaction.

Algal Growth Predictions

Adding nitrate leads to a midway increase in algal growth that stabilizes horizontally.

Cicada Emergence Timing

Reduced cottonwood ground cover correlates with cicadas emerging approximately 10 days earlier.

Wildfire Effects on Cicadas

Wildfires reduce ground cover, increasing soil temperatures and resulting in earlier cicada emergence.

Cottonwood Growth and Food Web Impact

Enhanced cottonwood growth supplies more resources for cicadas, potentially boosting the kestrel population.

Honeybee Communication

Honeybees use waggle dances to convey flower patch locations; longer dances indicate flowers are farther away.

Grunion Spawning Evidence

Grunion spawn aligned with highest nighttime tides, occurring every two weeks during the spawning season.

Animal Survival and Food Scarcity

Data imply animals spending 3-5 days in ARD (animal recovery duration) have better survival rates during food scarcity compared to those in ARD for 13-15 days.

Description

Explore the fascinating interactions between enzymes and ecological factors in this quiz. From the biochemical role of enzymes in reaction acceleration to the effects of environmental changes on cicada emergence and algal growth, this quiz covers diverse biological themes. Test your knowledge and understand how these processes interconnect in ecosystems.