Biology Chapter: Energy and Reactions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of ATP in cellular processes?

To store genetic information

To act as a catalyst for reactions

To provide energy for various cellular functions (correct)

To transport molecules across membranes

How do potential and kinetic energy relate to the Laws of Thermodynamics?

They demonstrate energy transformations and conservation principles. (correct)

Both forms of energy are unaffected by external forces.

Potential energy is always conserved according to the first law.

Kinetic energy can only be converted from chemical energy.

Which type of reaction is characterized by the breaking down of molecules?

Decomposition (correct)

Synthesis

Endergonic

Exchange

What term describes a reaction that absorbs energy and requires it to proceed?

Endergonic (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is activation energy?

Energy required to initiate a chemical reaction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role do enzymes play in the human body?

They increase the rate of chemical reactions (C) Signup and view all the answers

What factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?

Presence of nucleic acids (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

ATP Structure and Function

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) stores and transfers energy in cells.

Potential vs Kinetic Energy

Potential energy is stored energy; kinetic energy is energy in motion.

Types of Chemical Reactions

The three major types are synthesis, decomposition, and exchange (redox).

Reaction Rate

The speed at which reactants turn into products in a chemical reaction.

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Enzyme Function

Enzymes are catalysts that speed up reactions without being consumed.

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Active Site & Cofactors

The active site binds substrates; cofactors are needed for enzyme activity.

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Metabolism and Feedback

Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions; pathways are regulated by feedback.

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Study Notes

Energy, Chemical Reactions, and Cellular Respiration

ATP structure and function, storage, and release
Comparison of potential and kinetic energy, and thermodynamic laws
Three types of chemical reactions: synthesis, decomposition, and exchange (oxidation-reduction)
Classification of reactions: anabolic, catabolic, endergonic, exergonic, reversible, irreversible
Reaction rate, activation energy, catalyzed/uncatalyzed reactions
Enzyme structure and function; importance in human body
Enzyme action mechanism; active sites and cofactors
Effects of substrate concentration, temperature, and pH on reaction rates (optimal ranges)
Competitive and noncompetitive inhibition
Definition of metabolism; metabolic pathways as examples of negative feedback

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Description

This quiz explores key concepts in energy, chemical reactions, and cellular respiration. It covers topics such as ATP function, types of reactions, enzyme mechanisms, and factors influencing reaction rates. Test your understanding of metabolism and its pathways in the human body.