Biology Chapter: Cell Theory and Types

<p>Transmembrane proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty acid tails (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All organisms are composed of cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have faster molecular movement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Similar substances to cytoplasm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lipids and proteins are constantly moving. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic cells have a uniform interior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve nutrient absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only multicellular organisms consist of cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surface area to volume ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are single-celled organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cocci (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell wall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Syphilis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plasma membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control cell permeability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enhance cellular complexity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To copy genes from DNA and direct protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rough ER (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They transport products from the ER to the Golgi. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are modified and then exported or used within the cell. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It manufactures carbohydrates and lipids without ribosomes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the nucleolus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They work together to produce, modify, and export organic molecules. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins help DNA wind and condense during division. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell will burst. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control which substances can pass through the membrane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell will shrivel up. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water moves from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selective diffusion uses channels, while facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the movement of the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>9+2 arrangement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference in concentration of molecules between two regions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diffusion involves the movement of solutes, while osmosis involves the movement of water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cell will shrink. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isotonic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitated diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydration shells make water molecules less mobile. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scientific theory stating all organisms are made of cells.

All organisms consist of one or more cells where life processes occur.

Cells are the smallest entities considered alive; smaller structures like atoms are not alive.

Cells arise only from the division of existing cells, not spontaneously.

Smaller cells function more efficiently than larger ones due to quicker communication.

Surface area is the area available for exchange between a cell and its environment.

Cells that lack a nucleus and are uniform inside, including bacteria and archaea.

Cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; found in all other organisms.

Semifluid matrix between nucleus and cell membrane containing organelles.

A barrier surrounding all living cells; made of proteins and a lipid bilayer.

Structure of plasma membrane as proteins embedded in a lipid sheet, constantly moving.

Molecules forming the lipid layer; have polar heads and nonpolar tails.

Hydrophilic substances are water-soluble; hydrophobic are not.

Formation of phospholipids in water with heads facing out and tails inside.

Proteins embedded in the bilayer serving functions like transport and receptors.

Control center of the cell containing genetic information and directing cell functions.

A rigid structure composed of carbohydrates that surrounds the plasma membrane in many bacteria.

An outer layer that may surround the cell wall of some bacteria, providing extra protection.

Spherical-shaped bacteria, can form chains and may be involved in infections.

Rod-shaped bacteria, can cause diseases such as anthrax by spore activation.

Coil-shaped or spiral bacteria, such as Treponema pallidum, which causes syphilis.

A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution.

A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution.

Pressure created by the movement of water across a membrane due to osmosis.

The shrinking of a cell due to water loss in a hypertonic solution.

The bursting of a cell due to excessive water intake in a hypotonic solution.

The process by which a cell takes in substances by engulfing them.

The process of discharging substances from a cell using vesicles.

The ability of a cell membrane to allow certain substances to pass while blocking others.

The transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next.

Uncoiled chromosomes that extend and allow protein synthesis.

RNA copies genes and transports the code from DNA to the cytoplasm.

An extensive internal membrane system that transports molecules and synthesizes proteins.

Organelles that package, collect, and distribute substances made in the cell.

Membrane-bound sacs that move products between the ER and Golgi.

A collection of organelles that work together to produce and export organic molecules.

Hair-like structures with 9+2 microtubule arrangement for movement.

Shorter, hair-like structures for movement, similar to flagella.

Process to move substances into and out of cells across the membrane.

Movement of molecules from high to low concentration until even distribution.

The diffusion of water across a membrane from low to high solute concentration.

The total concentration of all solutes in a solution.

Achieved when molecules move equally in all directions, no net movement.

Difference in concentration of a substance from one location to another.