Biology Chapter: Cell Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

Which organelle is primarily responsible for synthesizing steroid hormones from cholesterol?

  • Smooth ER (correct)
  • Lysosome
  • Peroxisome
  • Golgi apparatus

What constitutes all living material inside a cell, excluding the nucleus?

  • Chromatin
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleoplasm
  • Cytoplasm (correct)

Which option correctly identifies a double membrane-bound organelle?

  • Chloroplast (correct)
  • Peroxisome
  • Ribosome
  • Lysosome

What is the main function of ribosomes within a cell?

<p>Synthesis of proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures specifically contains hydrolytic enzymes?

<p>Lysosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic?

<p>Tail (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is generated at the site of the cell's most significant chemical energy production?

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Modern Cell Theory state regarding the origin of cells?

<p>All cells come from pre-existing cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdoms contain organisms composed of Eukaryotic cells?

<p>Plantae, Animalia, fungi, Protista (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which domain includes organisms with prokaryotic cells?

<p>Eubacteria and archaebacteria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primary classifications of cells?

<p>Prokaryotic and eukaryotic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of fungi?

<p>Eukaryotic cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Nucleoid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are steroid hormones synthesized from cholesterol?

<p>Smooth ER (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true for all life forms?

<p>All life's processes occur within cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic functional building block of nucleic acids?

<p>Nucleotide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transporter allows glucose to be reabsorbed in the nephron?

<p>Symporter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bond is considered the strongest and most stable in chemical compounds?

<p>Covalent bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The reaction that forms disaccharides from monosaccharides is known as what?

<p>Condensation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of proteins in cell membranes?

<p>Cellular transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the cell membrane?

<p>Communication (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option lists the three types of passive transport?

<p>Simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and osmosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transporter is the sodium/glucose transporter found in the nephron?

<p>Symporter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the function of the cell membrane?

<p>It controls which substances enter and exit the cell. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is known to have the highest oxidative enzyme activity?

<p>Mitochondria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential in the detoxification of drugs and harmful chemicals within a cell?

<p>Smooth ER (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In order of increasing level of organization, which series of terms is correct?

<p>Cell → tissue → organ → organ system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a hypotonic solution compared to the concentration inside a cell?

<p>Concentration is less than that inside a cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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