Biology Chapter: Cell Membrane and Transport

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Questions and Answers

What factor does NOT influence the diffusion of electrolytes?

Temperature of the solution (correct)

Viscosity of the solvent (correct)

Chemical potential difference

Electrical potential difference

Which of the following statements is true regarding the diffusion of electrolytes?

Temperature has the greatest impact on diffusion

Chemical potential and electrical potential both affect diffusion (correct)

Electrolytes diffuse only through passive processes

Only electrical potential affects electrolyte diffusion

In the process of electrolyte diffusion, what role does electrical potential difference play?

It provides a gravitational pull on the electrolytes

It only affects the rate of diffusion indirectly

It creates a barrier that prevents diffusion

It helps to drive the movement of charged particles (correct)

How do chemical and electrical potential differences interact during the diffusion of electrolytes?

They work together to facilitate the movement of electrolytes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the two factors affecting electrolyte diffusion?

Chemical and electrical potential differences Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with the structure mentioned in the content?

It is a solid membrane receptor recognition. Signup and view all the answers

What is the thickness of the membrane mentioned in the content?

11 nanometers thick. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about receptor recognition is accurate based on the content?

It involves solid membrane receptors. Signup and view all the answers

How should the structural state of the mentioned receptor be understood?

As a solid membrane structure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable property of the membrane described in the content?

It is solid and rigid. Signup and view all the answers

What does EPD stand for in the context of diffusion calculations?

Effective Pressure Difference Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes saturation in carrier mediated transport?

Full capacity of all binding sites leads to maximum transport Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is described by the term specificity in carrier mediated transport?

Recognizing and binding to a particular substance Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT included in the formula for net diffusion?

C1 (concentration of the first substance) Signup and view all the answers

What does competition refer to in the context of carrier mediated transport?

Different substances vying for the same binding site Signup and view all the answers

What role do the glyco portions of glycoproteins and glycolipids primarily serve in cell biology?

They facilitate communication between cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the carbohydrate components of glycoproteins and glycolipids?

They protrude outward from the cell surface. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant function of carbohydrates associated with cell membranes?

They attach cells to each other. Signup and view all the answers

Glycoproteins and glycolipids are essential for which of the following reasons?

They enhance the cell's ability to interact with its environment. Signup and view all the answers

Where do carbohydrates typically extend in relation to glycoproteins and glycolipids?

Outward from the cell surface. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes active transport in biological systems?

It moves substances against their concentration gradient. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the direction of movement in active transport?

Against the electrochemical gradient. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding the energy requirements of active transport?

It is dependent on the cell's metabolic activity. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of active transport?

It can only transport small uncharged molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of active transport in cells?

To concentrate substances for cellular processes. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cell Membrane

The cell membrane is a solid membrane approximately 11 nanometers thick.
The diffusion of electrolytes across the membrane depends on both chemical and electrical potential differences.
Glycoproteins and glycolipids, which have carbohydrate ("glyco") portions, extend outward from the cell's surface.

Carbohydrate Functions

Carbohydrates contribute to cell-to-cell attachments.

Carrier Mediated Transport

Carrier-mediated transport includes facilitated diffusion and active transport.

Features of Carrier-Mediated Transport

Specificity: Binding sites on transport proteins recognize specific substances.
Saturation: When all binding sites are occupied, transport reaches its maximum capacity.
Competition: Chemically similar substances can compete for binding sites on the transport protein.

Active Transport

Active transport moves molecules against their electrochemical gradient, requiring energy.

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Description

Explore the essential functions and characteristics of the cell membrane and the mechanisms of carrier-mediated transport in this quiz. Understand how substances move across membranes and the role of carbohydrates in cellular attachments. Test your knowledge on the different types of transport, including active and facilitated diffusion.