Biology Chapter: Autotrophs, Heterotrophs, and Photosynthesis
30 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Where do light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place?

  • In the nucleus
  • In the stroma
  • In the thylakoid membranes (correct)
  • In the cytoplasm

    • A stack of thylakoids is known as grana.

    True

    What pigment is primarily responsible for capturing light energy during photosynthesis?

    Chlorophyll

    Photosynthesis occurs in the __________.

    <p>chloroplast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms related to photosynthesis with their descriptions:

    <p>Chloroplast = Site of photosynthesis Thylakoid = Membrane structure within chloroplasts Grana = Stacks of thylakoids Chlorophyll = Pigment that captures light energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of xylem in a plant?

    <p>Transporting water and nutrients from the roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phloem is responsible for bringing water to the plant.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

    <p>Chlorophyll captures sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The plant tissue that transports nutrients such as glucose is called __________.

    <p>phloem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their roles in photosynthesis:

    <p>Chlorophyll = Captures sunlight Xylem = Transports water and minerals Phloem = Delivers glucose to plant parts Stoma = Allows gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ATP is used to create glucose during photosynthesis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucose in plants?

    <p>Energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substances are the reactants required for the light-dependent reactions?

    <p>Water and sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glucose has more __________ energy compared to ATP.

    <p>stored</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycogen is a polymer form of glucose used for energy storage in plants.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is known as the primary energy carrier in cells?

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the terms with their definitions:

    <p>ATP = Energy currency of the cell Glucose = Primary energy source for many organisms Light-dependent reactions = Convert light energy into chemical energy Stored energy = Energy in the form of chemical bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do stomata play in plants?

    <p>They allow CO2 and water to enter the plant cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Chemosynthesis is a process that occurs in plants through the chloroplast.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of breaking water apart using the sun's energy is called __________.

    <p>photolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the thylakoid in chloroplasts?

    <p>The thylakoid is where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each plant component with its function:

    <p>Xylem = Transports water and dissolved nutrients to cells Phloem = Transports glucose and other organic nutrients Mesophyll = Primary site of photosynthesis Grana/Granum = Stacks of thylakoids in chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In photosynthesis, carbon goes from ________ to glucose.

    <p>CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of light energy in photosynthesis?

    <p>To convert light energy into chemical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following pigments with their characteristics:

    <p>Chlorophyll A = Main pigment in photosystems Chlorophyll B = Accessory pigment for capturing light Carotenoids = Pigments that capture sunlight energy NADPH = Energy-carrying molecule formed in light reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    NADP+ is transformed into NADPH during the light-dependent reactions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gas is produced during the photolysis of water?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the light reactions of photosynthesis, water is split, resulting in hydrogen ions and ________ gas.

    <p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following processes with their correct products:

    <p>Photolysis = O2 (oxygen gas) NADP+ reduction = NADPH ADP phosphorylation = ATP Calvin Cycle = Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

    • Autotrophs produce their own food using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.
    • Heterotrophs consume other organisms for energy.

    Food Chains

    • Autotrophs are the primary producers.
    • Herbivores are primary consumers.
    • Carnivores are secondary consumers.
    • Scavengers and decomposers consume other consumers.

    Photosynthesis in Chloroplasts

    • Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
    • Light-dependent reactions happen in thylakoid membranes.
    • Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) occur in stroma.
    • Thylakoids are stacks called grana.

    Photosynthesis Location in the Leaf

    • Photosynthesis happens in the stoma and mesophyll of the leaf.
    • Xylem brings water, phloem brings glucose.

    Pigments and Photosynthesis

    • Pigments absorb light energy for photosynthesis.
    • Chlorophyll absorbs blue/violet and red wavelengths.
    • Green light is not absorbed but reflected, which is why plants appear green.

    Glucose and ATP

    • Glucose stores energy.
    • ATP is an energy-carrying molecule.

    Light-Dependent Reactions

    • Light energy is converted into chemical energy.
    • Water molecules split (photolysis), creating hydrogen ions and oxygen.
    • NADP+ converts to NADPH and ADP to ATP.

    Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

    • Carbon dioxide is converted to glucose.
    • Reactants: CO2, NADPH, ATP; Products: Glucose, NADP+, ADP.

    Vocabulary

    • Autotroph: Organism that makes its own food.
    • Heterotroph: Organism that consumes other organisms.
    • Detrivore: Organisms that break down dead organisms.
    • Photosynthesis: Process of creating glucose from CO2.
    • Cellular Respiration: Process of turning glucose into CO2.
    • Chemosynthesis: Energy creation by some bacteria using chemical processes.
    • ATP: Energy carrying molecule.
    • ADP: Not energy carrying molecule.
    • NADPH: Energy carrying molecule.
    • NADP+: De-energized energy molecule.
    • Chloroplast: Organelle where photosynthesis takes place.
    • Thylakoid: Site of light-dependent reactions.
    • Stroma: Site of the Calvin cycle.
    • Carotenoids: Pigments capturing sunlight energy.
    • Chlorophyll: Pigment in plants that captures sunlight.
    • Stoma: Tiny openings for gas exchange.

    Carbon Fixation

    • Process involving C3, C4, and CAM pathways.
    • Carbon from CO2 is incorporated into glucose.

    Other Important Terms

    • Glucose: Carbohydrate used for energy storage.
    • Glycogen: Polymer of glucose.
    • Phosphate: Form of phosphoric acid.
    • CO2: Carbon dioxide, gas used in photosynthesis.
    • O2: Oxygen gas released during photosynthesis.
    • Electron Transport Chain: Movement of energized electrons.
    • Enzyme: Molecules speeding up reactions.
    • Rubisco: Example of an enzyme in photosynthesis.
    • Xylem: Transports water to plant cells.
    • Phloem: Transports dissolved glucose.
    • Epidermis: Outer layer of plant leaves.
    • Stomata: Pores to exchange gas in leaves.
    • Guard Cells: Regulate stomata opening.
    • Mesophyll: Part of leaf where photosynthesis mostly occurs.
    • Organelle: Part of the cell with a specific function.

    Photolysis

    • Water breaking apart due to sunlight energy.

    Photosynthesis Equation

    • 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → 6 O2 + C6H12O6 (glucose)

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Photosynthesis Summary (PDF)

    Description

    Explore the roles of autotrophs and heterotrophs in ecosystems, as well as the process of photosynthesis. Understand how these organisms interact within food chains and the significance of chloroplasts in energy production. This quiz will test your knowledge on key concepts of plant energy conversion.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser