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Questions and Answers
Which process does not require oxygen for the oxidation of glucose?
Which process does not require oxygen for the oxidation of glucose?
- Glycolysis
- Fermentation (correct)
- Aerobic respiration
- Anaerobic respiration
What is the primary product of glycolysis?
What is the primary product of glycolysis?
- Acetyl CoA
- Pyruvic acid (correct)
- Lactic acid
- ATP
Which catabolic pathway uses oxygen as a final electron acceptor?
Which catabolic pathway uses oxygen as a final electron acceptor?
- Anaerobic respiration
- Fermentation
- Krebs cycle
- Aerobic respiration (correct)
What do lipases specifically break down in the catabolism process?
What do lipases specifically break down in the catabolism process?
Which of the following is NOT a strategy for primary catabolism?
Which of the following is NOT a strategy for primary catabolism?
Flashcards
Metabolism
Metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions in a living organism, including both breaking down (catabolism) and building up (anabolism) processes.
Glycolysis
Glycolysis
The initial stage of glucose breakdown, producing pyruvate, ATP, and NADH. This occurs in the cytoplasm.
Krebs Cycle
Krebs Cycle
A series of chemical reactions that further oxidize pyruvate, generating ATP, NADH, and FADH2. Occurs in the mitochondria in eukaryotes and the cytoplasm in prokaryotes.
Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration
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Fermentation
Fermentation
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Study Notes
Chapter 8 Notes: Primary Catabolism
- Metabolism uses enzymes to break down (catabolize) organic molecules into smaller precursor molecules, which cells then use to build (anabolize) larger molecules.
- Three pathways of primary catabolism: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and respiratory chain/oxidative phosphorylation.
Glycolysis
- Glycolysis is the first step in all three metabolic strategies.
- Glucose is oxidized into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
- Two molecules of NADH and two of ATP are produced.
Krebs Cycle
- This is part of aerobic respiration.
- Not mentioned in glycolysis.
Respiratory Chain/Oxidative Phosphorylation
- This relies on oxygen.
- Electrons are transported.
- Oxidative phosphorylation involves other oxidized compounds like NO3-, SO42-, and CO3- as final electron acceptors when oxygen isn't present.
Anaerobic Respiration (No Oxygen)
- Includes respiration that does not rely on oxygen and uses specific compounds as final electron acceptors like nitrates, sulfates.
Fermentation
- A type of incomplete oxidation of glucose.
- Does not require oxygen.
Catabolism of Noncarbohydrates
- Complex polysaccharides are broken down into component sugars that can enter glycolysis.
- Lipids are broken down by lipases; fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to enter the Krebs cycle.
- Proteins are broken down into amino acids by proteases; amino groups are removed through deamination.
General Catabolism
- Catabolic processes occur continuously as long as nutrients are present.
- These processes supply the energy for building complex molecules.
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