Biology Chapter 6 & 7 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are the products of cellular respiration?

ATP and CO2

The equation for glucose is _____ + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy.

C6H12O6

During cellular respiration, NADH:

Is converted to NAD+ by an enzyme called dehydrogenase (correct)

Is reduced to form NAD+

Is chemically converted into ATP

Delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule (correct)

Is the final electron acceptor

In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is _____

dehydrogenase Signup and view all the answers

During what phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?

Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Signup and view all the answers

Conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds is the result of _____

glycolysis Signup and view all the answers

The end products of glycolysis include:

Acetyl CoA Signup and view all the answers

The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the and ___________

matrix, inner mitochondrial membrane Signup and view all the answers

At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in _____

NADH Signup and view all the answers

Photosynthesis occurs in and cellular respiration occurs in .

chloroplasts, mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle must occur ___ times per glucose molecule.

2 Signup and view all the answers

To obtain energy from starch and glycogen, the body must begin by _________________.

hydrolyzing both starch and glycogen to glucose Signup and view all the answers

If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis, you would find the pH of a mitochondrion to be at its lowest.

True Signup and view all the answers

By-products of cellular respiration include ___ and .

carbon dioxide, water Signup and view all the answers

The light reactions occur in the __ while the Calvin cycle occurs in the _.

thylakoid membranes, stroma Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

NADPH Signup and view all the answers

Formation of waste products in the form of O2 is part of the ________.

light reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is produced during the Calvin cycle?

NADP+ Signup and view all the answers

______ occurs when carbon and oxygen from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule.

carbon fixation Signup and view all the answers

Sunlight is a type of _____ energy.

electromagnetic Signup and view all the answers

The full range of electromagnetic energy is called the ________ spectrum.

electromagnetic Signup and view all the answers

Why are most plants green?

Chlorophyll reflects green light Signup and view all the answers

Plant cells are protected from the harmful effects of oxygen radicals with ______.

carotenoids Signup and view all the answers

As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions, NADPH is oxidized to NADP+.

NADPH is oxidized to NADP+ Signup and view all the answers

_ and ___ play a role in glucose synthesis by plants.

ATP, NADPH Signup and view all the answers

To produce one glucose, the Calvin cycle needs to be run through ___ times.

6 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cellular Respiration

Products of cellular respiration include ATP and CO2.
The chemical equation for glucose metabolism: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy.
NADH plays a key role, delivering electrons to the first electron carrier molecule in the electron transport chain.
Dehydrogenase is an important enzyme involved in redox reactions in biological systems.
Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis converts glucose into two three-carbon compounds.
End products of glycolysis include Acetyl CoA, citric acid, O2, and NADH.
Glycolysis occurs twice for each glucose molecule.

Citric Acid Cycle

Enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the mitochondrial matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane.
Most of the energy from glucose is stored in NADH by the end of the citric acid cycle.

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, while cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria.
Light reactions of photosynthesis produce ATP, NADPH, and O2.
Waste products of light reactions include O2.

Calvin Cycle

The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma, producing glucose, ADP, and NADP+.
Carbon fixation incorporates carbon and oxygen from CO2 into an organic molecule.
The Calvin cycle must run through six times to produce one glucose molecule.

Light Energy and Spectrums

Sunlight is a type of electromagnetic energy, with the full range referred to as the electromagnetic spectrum.
Most plants are green because chlorophyll reflects green light.
Carotenoids protect plant cells from the harmful effects of oxygen radicals.

Electron Transport Chain

NADPH is oxidized to NADP+ during the electron transport processes in light reactions.
ATP and NADPH are crucial for glucose synthesis in plants.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your understanding of cellular respiration with these flashcards covering key concepts from Chapters 6 and 7 of your biology textbook. Explore essential terms such as ATP production, the glucose equation, and the role of NADH. Perfect for exam preparation!