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Questions and Answers
What are the products of cellular respiration?
What are the products of cellular respiration?
ATP and CO2
The equation for glucose is _____ + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy.
The equation for glucose is _____ + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy.
C6H12O6
During cellular respiration, NADH:
During cellular respiration, NADH:
In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is _____
In biological systems, an important enzyme involved in the regulation of redox reactions is _____
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During what phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?
During what phases of cellular respiration does substrate-level phosphorylation take place?
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Conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds is the result of _____
Conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds is the result of _____
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The end products of glycolysis include:
The end products of glycolysis include:
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The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the ______ and _________________
The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the ______ and _________________
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At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in _____
At the end of the citric acid cycle, most of the energy remaining from the original glucose is stored in _____
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Photosynthesis occurs in ______ and cellular respiration occurs in ______.
Photosynthesis occurs in ______ and cellular respiration occurs in ______.
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Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle must occur ___ times per glucose molecule.
Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle must occur ___ times per glucose molecule.
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To obtain energy from starch and glycogen, the body must begin by _________________.
To obtain energy from starch and glycogen, the body must begin by _________________.
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If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis, you would find the pH of a mitochondrion to be at its lowest.
If you were able to stop the process of cellular respiration after completing electron transport but prior to chemiosmosis, you would find the pH of a mitochondrion to be at its lowest.
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By-products of cellular respiration include _________ and ______.
By-products of cellular respiration include _________ and ______.
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The light reactions occur in the ______ while the Calvin cycle occurs in the _____.
The light reactions occur in the ______ while the Calvin cycle occurs in the _____.
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What is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?
What is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?
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Formation of waste products in the form of O2 is part of the ________.
Formation of waste products in the form of O2 is part of the ________.
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What is produced during the Calvin cycle?
What is produced during the Calvin cycle?
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______ occurs when carbon and oxygen from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule.
______ occurs when carbon and oxygen from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule.
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Sunlight is a type of _____ energy.
Sunlight is a type of _____ energy.
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The full range of electromagnetic energy is called the ________ spectrum.
The full range of electromagnetic energy is called the ________ spectrum.
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Why are most plants green?
Why are most plants green?
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Plant cells are protected from the harmful effects of oxygen radicals with ______.
Plant cells are protected from the harmful effects of oxygen radicals with ______.
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As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions, NADPH is oxidized to NADP+.
As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions, NADPH is oxidized to NADP+.
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___ and _____ play a role in glucose synthesis by plants.
___ and _____ play a role in glucose synthesis by plants.
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To produce one glucose, the Calvin cycle needs to be run through ___ times.
To produce one glucose, the Calvin cycle needs to be run through ___ times.
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Study Notes
Cellular Respiration
- Products of cellular respiration include ATP and CO2.
- The chemical equation for glucose metabolism: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy.
- NADH plays a key role, delivering electrons to the first electron carrier molecule in the electron transport chain.
- Dehydrogenase is an important enzyme involved in redox reactions in biological systems.
- Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
Glycolysis
- Glycolysis converts glucose into two three-carbon compounds.
- End products of glycolysis include Acetyl CoA, citric acid, O2, and NADH.
- Glycolysis occurs twice for each glucose molecule.
Citric Acid Cycle
- Enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in the mitochondrial matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane.
- Most of the energy from glucose is stored in NADH by the end of the citric acid cycle.
Photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, while cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria.
- Light reactions of photosynthesis produce ATP, NADPH, and O2.
- Waste products of light reactions include O2.
Calvin Cycle
- The Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma, producing glucose, ADP, and NADP+.
- Carbon fixation incorporates carbon and oxygen from CO2 into an organic molecule.
- The Calvin cycle must run through six times to produce one glucose molecule.
Light Energy and Spectrums
- Sunlight is a type of electromagnetic energy, with the full range referred to as the electromagnetic spectrum.
- Most plants are green because chlorophyll reflects green light.
- Carotenoids protect plant cells from the harmful effects of oxygen radicals.
Electron Transport Chain
- NADPH is oxidized to NADP+ during the electron transport processes in light reactions.
- ATP and NADPH are crucial for glucose synthesis in plants.
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your understanding of cellular respiration with these flashcards covering key concepts from Chapters 6 and 7 of your biology textbook. Explore essential terms such as ATP production, the glucose equation, and the role of NADH. Perfect for exam preparation!
