Biology Chapter 5 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is classified as a biotic factor?

  • Air
  • Temperature
  • Water
  • Bacteria (correct)

    • A food web consists of a single chain of food transfers between organisms.

    False

    What type of variable is manipulated by the scientist in an experiment?

    independent variable

    In a food chain, the first trophic level consists of __________.

    <p>producers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of graph shows how one continuous variable affects another continuous variable?

    <p>Scatter plot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following community interactions with their definitions:

    <p>Mutualism = Both organisms benefit Commensalism = One organism benefits, the other is unaffected Parasitism = One organism benefits at the expense of the other Competition = Organisms compete for the same resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ionic compounds, such as sodium chloride, are ineffective as electrolytes in energy drinks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a nonpolar covalent substance?

    <p>vegetable oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biologically important element is found in all four biomolecules?

    <p>Hydrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lipids are composed primarily of carbon and oxygen with a set ratio of elements.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when water is lost to form a bond?

    <p>Dehydration synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The functional group that consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms is called the ______ group.

    <p>phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following functional groups with their characteristics:

    <p>Hydroxyl Group = Alcohols Carboxyl Group = Acidic properties Amino Group = Building blocks of proteins Methyl Group = Gene expression control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sugar is known as a simple sugar?

    <p>Monosaccharides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Saturated fats contain one or more double bonds in their fatty acid chains.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond does a carbon atom form with four valence electrons?

    <p>Covalent bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main source of energy in all living organisms is provided by ______.

    <p>carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biomolecule is primarily involved in energy storage for the long term?

    <p>Lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a rise in temperature typically have on enzyme activity?

    <p>Increases activity until a certain point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only plants can perform cellular respiration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the products of photosynthesis provide for cellular respiration?

    <p>Glucose and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide is called _____ .

    <p>catalase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT affect enzyme activity?

    <p>Concentration of reactants in the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following processes with their descriptions:

    <p>Diffusion = Movement of molecules from high to low concentration Osmosis = Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane Facilitated diffusion = Transport of substances through a membrane with the help of proteins Active transport = Movement of molecules against their concentration gradient using energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Photosynthesis results in a decrease in carbon dioxide concentration in water.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main products of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All carbon atoms have the same atomic number.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define a biogeochemical cycle.

    <p>A biogeochemical cycle is a circuit that involves both biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The molecule that is formed when two or more atoms are joined together by covalent bonds is called a __________.

    <p>molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of bond with its description:

    <p>Ionic Bonds = Transfer of electrons between atoms Covalent Bonds = Sharing of electrons between atoms Hydrogen Bonds = Attraction between slightly positive and negative ends of polar molecules Polar Bonds = Unequal sharing of electrons due to different electronegativities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the carbon cycle?

    <p>The movement of carbon through living organisms and the atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Non-polar covalent bonds occur between atoms with very different electronegativities.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of high specific heat in water?

    <p>High specific heat allows water to absorb a lot of heat without a significant change in temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process by which a liquid flows in narrow spaces without external forces is known as __________.

    <p>capillary action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a buffer do in biological systems?

    <p>Neutralizes acids and bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ice is less dense than liquid water, allowing it to float.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain what hydrophobic and hydrophilic mean.

    <p>Hydrophobic means 'water-fearing' (doesn't mix with water), while hydrophilic means 'water-loving' (mixes well with water).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The atomic mass is given as a whole number and approximately equals the __________.

    <p>mass number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the bond type with its characteristic:

    <p>Ionic Bond = Forms charged particles Polar Covalent Bond = Electrons shared unequally Non-Polar Covalent Bond = Electrons shared equally Hydrogen Bond = Weak attraction between polar molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net energy profit of ATP produced during glycolysis?

    <p>2 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is responsible for protein synthesis in cells?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Krebs Cycle occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mitochondria are involved in photosynthesis.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of NAD+ in cellular respiration?

    <p>To carry electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organelle is referred to as the 'post-office' of the cell?

    <p>Golgi apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ are used for digestion of ingested food or recycling damaged organelles.

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Electron Transport Chain, $O_2$ helps to form ______ at the end of the chain.

    <p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the cellular respiration steps with their descriptions:

    <p>Glycolysis = Breaking down glucose in the cytoplasm Formation of Acetyl CoA = Transferring pyruvate into the mitochondria Krebs Cycle = Oxidizing carbon compounds to produce energy carriers Electron Transport Chain = Producing ATP using electron transport and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organelles with their primary function:

    <p>Ribosome = Protein synthesis Mitochondria = Cellular respiration Chloroplast = Photosynthesis Endoplasmic Reticulum = Protein and lipid synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis?

    <p>Rough ER</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to one of the carbons from pyruvate during the formation of Acetyl CoA?

    <p>It is lost as CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Peroxisomes are involved in lipid synthesis and do not originate from the endomembrane system.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Glycolysis is an aerobic process requiring oxygen to occur.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main byproduct of cellular respiration?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of mutualism?

    <p>Clownfish and sea anemone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vesicles in a cell?

    <p>Transport of materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ice is denser than liquid water.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osmosis in cells?

    <p>To equalize solute concentrations across a membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ enzyme plays a key role in the Electron Transport Chain.

    <p>cytochrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cells that make a lot of proteins have a lot of _____.

    <p>ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of microtubules?

    <p>Tubulin proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a hypertonic solution, cells will swell due to water entering from the outside.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we call the phenomenon where water rises in narrow tubes?

    <p>Capillary action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of energy is typically transferred from one trophic level to the next?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the energy required to initiate a reaction?

    <p>activation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The interaction between cows and grass is an example of _______.

    <p>herbivory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytosol is the same as the cytoplasm.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Combustion and cellular respiration both release O2 into the atmosphere.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following interactions with their descriptions:

    <p>Mutualism = Both species benefit Predation = One species benefits, the other is harmed Commensalism = One species benefits, the other is neither helped nor harmed Parasitism = One species benefits at the expense of another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in plant cells is primarily involved in photosynthesis?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What controls help to ensure proper experimental technique in lab activities?

    <p>Positive and negative controls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Facilitated diffusion allows particles to move across a membrane without the use of __________.

    <p>energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of transport with their characteristics:

    <p>Active Transport = Requires energy (ATP) Osmosis = Movement of water across a membrane Facilitated Diffusion = Movement through protein channels without energy Endocytosis = Process of taking substances into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which property of water allows organisms to stay warm during winter?

    <p>High specific heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Without ______, cellular respiration cannot occur.

    <p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cytoskeleton is composed of three main types of fibers: microtubules, _____. and microfilaments.

    <p>intermediate filaments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environment causes a cell to neither swell nor shrink?

    <p>Isotonic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sweating is a method of evaporative heating.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the concepts with their explanations:

    <p>Competition = Organisms fight over limited resources Mutualism = Both species benefit from the interaction Predation = One species benefits while the other is harmed Commensalism = One species benefits, other is unaffected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following cell structures with their descriptions:

    <p>Cytoskeleton = Maintains cell shape and organelle movement Centrioles = Organize microtubules during cell division Vacuole = Sequester waste and maintain water balance Cell wall = Supports and protects plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of compounds produce electrolytes?

    <p>Ionic compounds, strong acids and bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enzymes can be denatured by changes in pH.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of an exergonic reaction.

    <p>Cellular respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The property of water that allows it to act as a universal solvent is due to its _______ nature.

    <p>polar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a balloon is brought near a stream of water, what causes the water to bend towards the balloon?

    <p>Static electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    __________ are organic molecules that assist enzymes in their function.

    <p>Coenzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ticks are harmful to dogs because they kill them.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the energy laws with their descriptions:

    <p>First Law of Thermodynamics = Energy cannot be created or destroyed Second Law of Thermodynamics = Energy conversions increase entropy Exergonic Reaction = Net release of energy Endergonic Reaction = Net input of energy required</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in competitive inhibition?

    <p>An inhibitor blocks substrate from accessing the active site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when water molecules exit the body and cause cooling?

    <p>Evaporative cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water has a _______ specific heat capacity compared to metals.

    <p>higher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In feedback inhibition, the end product of a metabolic pathway stimulates the pathway's activity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'induced fit' in enzyme activity.

    <p>Enzyme molds to the substrate for a better bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following properties of water with their effects:

    <p>Cohesion = High surface tension Adhesion = Water sticking to other surfaces Evaporative cooling = Temperature regulation through sweat Specific heat = Temperature stability in organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The movement of molecules against the concentration gradient is called __________ transport.

    <p>active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of phospholipids in cellular structures?

    <p>Forming bilayers in cell membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Steroids are only associated with heart disease.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the building blocks of proteins?

    <p>Amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The molecule that stores energy in cells is _____.

    <p>ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the eukaryotic cell with their functions:

    <p>Nucleus = DNA replication and RNA synthesis Ribosomes = Protein synthesis Mitochondria = Energy production Golgi apparatus = Sorting and packaging of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a key difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

    <p>Prokaryotic cells have circular DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cell size increases without limit due to the rate of diffusion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In DNA, adenine pairs with _____ and cytosine pairs with _____ in base pairing.

    <p>thymine, guanine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structural feature distinguishes RNA from DNA?

    <p>RNA is single-stranded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell structures is responsible for energy production?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each type of microscope with its characteristic:

    <p>Light microscope = Can view living specimens Transmission electron microscope = Provides 2D images Scanning electron microscope = Gives 3D images Electron microscope = Uses electrons instead of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Proteins can lose their shape only due to temperature changes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In eukaryotic cells, _____ are responsible for synthesizing proteins.

    <p>ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do nucleotides consist of?

    <p>A phosphate group, a 5-carbon sugar, and a nitrogenous base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cholesterol is only beneficial and has no adverse effects.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH scale a measure of?

    <p>Concentration of hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electrolytes can prevent muscle cramping during physical activity.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one example of a naturally occurring buffer.

    <p>Blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When monomers are joined by a bond, the reaction is called ________.

    <p>dehydration synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of cells with their unique structures:

    <p>Plant cells = Cell wall, chloroplasts, central vacuole Animal cells = Lysosomes and centrosomes Bacterial cells = Peptidoglycan cell wall Fungal cells = Chitin cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a role of electrolytes?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Acids decrease the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total magnification if the ocular lens is 10x and the objective lens is 40x?

    <p>400x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cells can adapt to overcome the SA/V problem by __________ and forming microvilli.

    <p>folding, stacking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the organic molecules with their chemical structures:

    <p>Glucose = C6H12O6 Amino Acid = Contains an amino group and carboxyl group Triglyceride = Glycerol + 3 fatty acids Fatty Acid = Long hydrocarbon chain with carboxyl group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction occurs when bonds break in a polymer to produce monomers?

    <p>Hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which are not found in animal cells.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does catalase play in the enzyme lab?

    <p>Breaks down hydrogen peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The structure that connects plant cells is called __________.

    <p>plasmodesmata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a buffer?

    <p>Substance that minimizes changes in pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Science of Biology (Chapter 1)

    • Graphing Types:

      • Bar graphs show differences in averages between groups.
      • Pie graphs show proportions of a whole.
      • Stacked bar graphs show proportions within multiple groups.
      • Line graphs show changes over time.
      • Scatter plots show how one variable affects another (independent variable is not time).
      • Histograms display data distribution, mean, and variability.

    • Variables:

      • Dependent variable: Measured to judge experimental outcome.
      • Independent variable: Manipulated by the scientist.
      • Control variables: Kept constant across experimental groups.

    Ecology (Chapters 34 & 37)

    • Ecological Factors:

      • Abiotic: Non-living factors (air, water, temperature).
      • Biotic: Living factors (organisms).

    • Levels of Organization:

      • Organism, population, ecosystem, biosphere

    • Community Interactions:

      • Mutualism: Both organisms benefit.
      • Commensalism: One organism benefits, other is unaffected.
      • Parasitism: One organism benefits, other is harmed.
      • Competition: Organisms compete for resources.
      • Predation: One organism hunts and consumes another.

    • Trophic Levels:

      • Producers → Primary consumers → Secondary consumers → Tertiary consumers → Quaternary consumers

    • Food Chains & Food Webs:

      • Food chain: Sequence of energy transfer from producer to consumer.
      • Food web: Interconnected food chains.

    • Rule of 10: Only 10% of energy is transferred to the next trophic level. The rest is lost as heat.

    • Biogeochemical Cycles (Carbon):

      • Biogeochemical cycles involve biotic and abiotic components in an ecosystem.
      • The carbon cycle is crucial.

    Climate Change

    • Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide contributes to global temperature increases.

    The Chemistry of Life (Chapters 2 & 3)

    • Atomic Structure: Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

      • Atomic mass: Total mass of an atom.
      • Atomic number: Number of protons.

    • Periodic Table: Information is provided on the midterm.

    • Atoms, Molecules, Formulas, Isomers:

      • Atom: Smallest unit of an element.
      • Molecule: Two or more atoms bonded.
      • Formulas: Represent molecules.
      • Isomers: Same formula, different structure.

    • Elements and Compounds:

      • Element: Cannot be broken down.
      • Compound: Two or more elements combined.

    • Chemical Bonds:

      • Ionic bonds: Transfer of electrons (metal and nonmetal).
      • Covalent bonds: Sharing of electrons.
        • Polar covalent: Unequal sharing (different electronegativities).
        • Nonpolar covalent: Equal sharing (similar electronegativities).
      • Hydrogen bonds: Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom of another molecule or region in the same molecule.

    • Water Properties:

      • Cohesion: Water sticks to itself.
      • Adhesion: Water sticks to other substances.
      • Solvent: Water dissolves many polar and ionic compounds.
      • Surface tension: Measure of how difficult it is to stretch the surface of a liquid.
      • High specific heat: Water resists temperature changes.
      • Ice density: Water is less dense as a solid than a liquid. This allows ice to float. (importance to life)
      • Evaporative cooling: Cooling caused by evaporation (important for homeostasis).
      • Capillary action: Ability of water to move in narrow spaces.

    • Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic: Nonpolar molecules don't mix with water; polar molecules do.

    • pH Scale: Measure of acidity or basicity.

      • Acids: Increase H+ concentration (low pH).
      • Bases: Decrease H+ concentration (high pH).
      • Buffers: Resist changes in pH.

    • Biologically Important Elements (CHNOPS):

      • Essential elements found in biomolecules.
      • Carbon forms complex structures.
      • Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur have roles in various biomolecules.

    • Functional Groups: Hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and methyl groups have specific properties that determine the behavior and function of molecules.

    • Dehydration Synthesis/Hydrolysis: Building and breaking polymers.

    4 Main Biomolecules

    • Carbohydrates:

      • Monosaccharides: Simple sugars (e.g., glucose).
      • Disaccharides: Short polymer chains.
      • Polysaccharides: Long polymer chains (e.g., starch, cellulose).
      • Function: Energy source and structure.

    • Lipids:

      • Hydrophobic molecules.
      • Function: Long-term energy storage, structure (phospholipids).
      • Types: Fats, oils, phospholipids, steroids (cholesterol).

    • Proteins:

      • Monomers: Amino acids.
      • Polymers: Polypeptides → Proteins.
      • Functions: Enzymes, transport, antibodies, signaling, structural proteins.
      • Structure: Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary.

    • Nucleic Acids:

      • Monomers: Nucleotides.
      • Polymers: Polynucleotides (DNA, RNA).
      • Function: Information storage; genetic code (DNA → RNA → Proteins).
      • Types: DNA, RNA, ATP.

    Cell Structure (Chapter 4)

    • Microscopes:

      • Light microscope: Views living specimens. Limited magnification.
      • Electron microscope: High magnification; views non-living specimens. Transmission (2D) and scanning (3D).

    • Estimating Cell Size: Calculate field of view and cell count in the FOV for size estimates.

    • Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells:

      • Prokaryotic: Lack a nucleus; single-celled.
      • Eukaryotic: Have a nucleus; single-celled or multicellular.

    • Plant vs. Animal Cells:

      • Plant cells: Have cell walls, chloroplasts, large central vacuoles.
      • Animal cells: Have lysosomes and centrosomes.

    • Cell Size Limitations: Relationship between surface area and volume affects diffusion rates. Small size is essential for efficient transport.

    • Cell Adaptations: Cell adaptations (folding, stacking) enhance surface area to volume ratio.

    • Cell Organelles (structure & function): Nucleus, nucleolus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum (rough & smooth), Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, vacuoles, vesicles, cytoskeleton, centrioles, chloroplasts, cell wall, cytosol.

    The Living Cell (Chapter 5)

    • Semipermeable Membranes: Selective transport of materials across cell membranes.

    • Passive Transport: Movement of materials from high to low concentration without energy.

      • Diffusion: Movement of particles from high to low concentration
      • Facilitated diffusion: Movement of particles through a protein channel without energy.
      • Osmosis: Movement of water from high to low concentration across a membrane. (Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic).

    • Active Transport: Movement of materials against concentration gradient requiring energy.

      • Protein pumps: Use energy to move substances across the membrane.
      • Endocytosis: Taking materials into the cell.
      • Exocytosis: Removing materials from the cell.

    Energy and Metabolism (Chapter 5)

    • Laws of Thermodynamics:

      • First Law: Energy can't be created or destroyed, only transformed.
      • Second Law: Energy transformations increase disorder (entropy).

    • ATP cycle: Conversion of ATP to ADP provides energy for cellular processes.

    • Endergonic/Exergonic Reactions:

      • Endergonic: Reactions that require energy input.
      • Exergonic: Reactions that release energy.

    • Enzymes:

      • Function: Biological catalysts that speed up reactions.
      • Structure: Proteins that can be denatured by changes in temperature, pH, or ion concentration.
      • Induced fit: Enzyme molds to substrate for proper bonding.
      • Enzyme activity control: Inhibition, cofactors, coenzymes.
      • Activation energy: Energy required to start a reaction; enzymes lower this.

    • Metabolic pathways & feedback inhibition: Pathways involving many steps and regulatory mechanisms to maintain homeostasis

    Cellular Respiration (Chapter 6)


    • Overall Reaction: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

    • Glycolysis: Cytoplasmic anaerobic process that produces pyruvate, ATP, and NADH.

    • Formation of Acetyl CoA: Pyruvate is converted into Acetyl CoA.

    • Krebs Cycle: Breakdown of Acetyl CoA, producing CO2, NADH, FADH2, and ATP.

    • Electron Transport Chain: Oxidative phosphorylation produces ATP through electron transfer.

    Photosynthesis (Chapter 7)

    • Overall Reaction: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2

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