Biology Chapter 5 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes a eukaryotic cell compared to a prokaryotic cell?

  • Smaller size.
  • Presence of ribosomes.
  • Lack of a true nucleus.
  • Production of energy in mitochondria. (correct)

What structural feature of the cell membrane contributes to its selective permeability?

  • Uniform membrane thickness.
  • Homogeneous mixture of proteins and fats.
  • Bilayer phospholipids with a hydrophobic tail. (correct)
  • Presence of a rigid outer layer.

Which statement about cell theory is correct?

  • All cells originate from a single cell type.
  • All living things are comprised of cells. (correct)
  • Cell is the largest unit of structure in living organisms.
  • Cells can arise spontaneously in favorable conditions.

Which of the following describes osmosis?

<p>Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do glycoproteins play in the cell membrane?

<p>Determining blood types and cell interactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transport requires energy from the cell?

<p>Active transport. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A solution is described as isotonic when:

<p>There is no net movement of water molecules across the membrane. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

<p>They lack a true nucleus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

<p>The cell will shrink because of a higher solute concentration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding chromatin and chromosomes?

<p>Chromatin is uncoiled DNA complexed with proteins found in non-dividing cells. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is primarily involved in protein synthesis?

<p>Ribosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the rough endoplasmic reticulum differ from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

<p>The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it for protein synthesis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?

<p>To digest and recycle cellular waste. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What plays a significant role in determining the permeability of the cell?

<p>Lipid solubility and electrical charges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>Packages and ships proteins for secretion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the term 'inclusion' in cytoplasm?

<p>It consists of non-functioning units that store nutrients or cell products. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the formation of two daughter nuclei occur?

<p>Mitosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event characterizes the beginning of cytokinesis?

<p>Mitosis nearing completion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

<p>Transfers amino acids to the ribosome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes in the center of the cell?

<p>Metaphase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cleavage furrow?

<p>To divide the cytoplasm during cytokinesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves translating the base sequence of nucleic acid into an amino acid sequence?

<p>Translation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the anaphase stage of cell division?

<p>Daughter chromosomes are pulled to the poles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of stages in cell division?

<p>Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do peroxisomes play in a cell?

<p>They detoxify harmful substances and convert free radicals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do mitochondria use to produce ATP?

<p>Oxygen and glucose. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microtubules in the cytoskeleton?

<p>Cell division and maintaining overall shape. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which features are associated with centrioles?

<p>They direct the formation of the mitotic spindle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What components are included in the cytoskeleton?

<p>Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does catalase function in peroxisomes?

<p>It converts hydrogen peroxide into water. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is primarily responsible for cellular movement?

<p>Cilia and flagella. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main structural difference between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes?

<p>The outer membrane is porous while the inner membrane is impermeable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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