Biology Chapter 5 Quiz

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What characterizes a eukaryotic cell compared to a prokaryotic cell?

Smaller size.

Presence of ribosomes.

Lack of a true nucleus.

Production of energy in mitochondria. (correct)

What structural feature of the cell membrane contributes to its selective permeability?

Uniform membrane thickness.

Homogeneous mixture of proteins and fats.

Bilayer phospholipids with a hydrophobic tail. (correct)

Presence of a rigid outer layer.

Which statement about cell theory is correct?

All cells originate from a single cell type.

All living things are comprised of cells. (correct)

Cell is the largest unit of structure in living organisms.

Cells can arise spontaneously in favorable conditions.

Which of the following describes osmosis?

Diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane. Signup and view all the answers

What role do glycoproteins play in the cell membrane?

Determining blood types and cell interactions. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of transport requires energy from the cell?

Active transport. Signup and view all the answers

A solution is described as isotonic when:

There is no net movement of water molecules across the membrane. Signup and view all the answers

Which is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

They lack a true nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

The cell will shrink because of a higher solute concentration. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding chromatin and chromosomes?

Chromatin is uncoiled DNA complexed with proteins found in non-dividing cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is primarily involved in protein synthesis?

Ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

How does the rough endoplasmic reticulum differ from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

The rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes attached to it for protein synthesis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell?

To digest and recycle cellular waste. Signup and view all the answers

What plays a significant role in determining the permeability of the cell?

Lipid solubility and electrical charges Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Packages and ships proteins for secretion. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the term 'inclusion' in cytoplasm?

It consists of non-functioning units that store nutrients or cell products. Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the formation of two daughter nuclei occur?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What event characterizes the beginning of cytokinesis?

Mitosis nearing completion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

Transfers amino acids to the ribosome Signup and view all the answers

Which stage is characterized by the alignment of chromosomes in the center of the cell?

Metaphase Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cleavage furrow?

To divide the cytoplasm during cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves translating the base sequence of nucleic acid into an amino acid sequence?

Translation Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the anaphase stage of cell division?

Daughter chromosomes are pulled to the poles Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct sequence of stages in cell division?

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase Signup and view all the answers

What role do peroxisomes play in a cell?

They detoxify harmful substances and convert free radicals. Signup and view all the answers

What do mitochondria use to produce ATP?

Oxygen and glucose. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of microtubules in the cytoskeleton?

Cell division and maintaining overall shape. Signup and view all the answers

Which features are associated with centrioles?

They direct the formation of the mitotic spindle. Signup and view all the answers

What components are included in the cytoskeleton?

Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments. Signup and view all the answers

How does catalase function in peroxisomes?

It converts hydrogen peroxide into water. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is primarily responsible for cellular movement?

Cilia and flagella. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main structural difference between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes?

The outer membrane is porous while the inner membrane is impermeable. Signup and view all the answers