Biology Chapter 4

<p>Pineal body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebellum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acts as a relay station for sensory impulses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gray matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Broca's area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Corpus callosum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fissures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensory information from the body's receptors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diencephalon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spastic muscle control (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pia mater (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide a watery cushion that protects the brain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fats and fat-soluble molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining equilibrium and coordination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parietal lobes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sensory information processing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arachnoid layer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebellum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thalamus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facial muscle strength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hippocampus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulates automatic functions such as appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midbrain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amygdala (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The central nervous system develops from a tube-like structure called the neural tube.

The hollow center of the neural tube eventually becomes the ventricles of the brain.

The largest part of the brain, responsible for higher cognitive functions like thinking, language, and memory.

The outer layer of the cerebrum, responsible for processing sensory information.

The part of the cerebral cortex that receives sensory information from the body.

The part of the cerebral cortex that sends signals to the muscles to initiate movement.

A region in the cerebral cortex responsible for producing speech.

The innermost layer of the cerebrum, composed of myelinated nerve fibers.

A vital structure located below the thalamus, the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating the autonomic nervous system. It controls body temperature, manages water balance, regulates metabolism, and influences hormonal secretion by the pituitary gland. Additionally, it is a key component of the limbic system, responsible for emotions.

The tough outer layer of the meninges, protecting the brain and spinal cord. It has two layers: periosteum attached to the skull and a meningeal layer covering the brain. It folds inward for better protection.

The epithalamus forms the roof of the third ventricle and houses the pineal body, an endocrine gland. It also includes the choroid plexus, which produces cerebrospinal fluid.

The middle layer of the meninges, resembling a web-like structure. It contains cerebrospinal fluid and helps cushion the brain.

The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are the three main components of the brainstem. The midbrain primarily consists of nerve fiber tracts and houses reflex centers for vision and hearing. The pons is a bulging structure with fiber tracts and nuclei controlling breathing. The medulla oblongata, the lowest part of the brain stem, merges into the spinal cord and contains vital control centers for heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting.

The delicate inner layer of the meninges, directly adhering to the brain's surface. It provides nourishment and support.

A fluid similar to blood plasma, produced by the choroid plexus. It acts as a shock absorber, protecting the brain and spinal cord.

The cerebellum is a two-hemisphere structure with a convoluted surface and plays a vital role in involuntary coordination of body movements. It is essential for maintaining body balance.

A protective barrier formed by capillaries in the brain, restricting the passage of many harmful substances. It allows essential nutrients and oxygen to pass.

The central nervous system is protected by several layers: the scalp and skin, the skull and vertebral column, the meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and the blood-brain barrier.

The frontal lobes are responsible for voluntary movements, planning, decision-making, personality, and complex behavior.

The parietal lobes receive and process sensory information like touch, temperature, pain, and pressure. They are also involved in spatial awareness and navigation.

The midbrain is located below the hypothalamus and contains cranial nerves that control eye muscles and hearing.

The pons acts as a bridge between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata. It controls eye and facial muscles, respiration, and inhibitory functions.

The medulla oblongata is the lowest part of the brain stem and connects to the spinal cord. It controls vital functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration.

The limbic system integrates higher mental functions and primitive emotions. It's the "emotional brain."

The thalamus is a relay center, integrating and passing sensory information. It also plays a role in motor control and memory.

The hypothalamus controls automatic functions like appetite, thirst, and body temperature. It also secretes hormones.

The hippocampus is involved in memory formation and emotions.

The amygdala processes emotions like fear and anger, playing a key role in feelings.