Questions and Answers
What are fungi?
The type of eukaryotic microbe that can be unicellular or multicellular with sexual and asexual reproductive lifestyles.
What are yeasts?
Unicellular fungi.
What are molds?
Fungi with mycelia.
What are protozoa?
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What are helminths?
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What is glycocalyx?
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What is the cell wall composed of in fungi?
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What is the cytoplasmic membrane?
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What is the function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
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What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?
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What distinguishes rough endoplasmic reticulum?
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What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum used for?
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What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
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What are lysosomes responsible for?
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What do vacuoles serve as in eukaryotic cells?
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What is the role of mitochondria?
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What are ribosomes?
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What is mycology?
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What does saprophytic mean?
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What are decomposers in relation to fungi?
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What color do fungi stain when gram-stained?
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What are asexual spores?
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What are zygospores?
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What are dimorphic fungi?
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What are mycoses?
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What are cutaneous mycoses?
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What are subcutaneous mycoses?
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What are systemic mycoses?
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What are opportunistic mycoses?
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What method do yeasts use to reproduce?
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What are aseptate hyphae?
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What are septate hyphae?
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What is a protist?
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What are protozoa classified as?
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What is the trophozoite stage?
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What is the cyst stage?
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What are pseudopods?
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What are flagella?
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What are cilia?
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What are amoebas?
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What is toxoplasmosis?
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What are flatworms?
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What are roundworms?
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Helminth infections are identified by high levels of ___________ in the blood, and the presence of helminth ______ in the stool.
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What is fungi?
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What are yeasts?
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What are molds?
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What type of eukaryotic microbes are protozoa?
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What are helminthes?
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What is the glycocalyx?
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What is the purpose of the cell wall in eukaryotic cells?
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What is the cytoplasmic membrane?
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What is the role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?
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What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
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What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum used for?
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What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
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What is the golgi apparatus?
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What are lysosomes responsible for?
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What do vacuoles do?
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What is the function of mitochondria?
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What are ribosomes?
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What is mycology?
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What are saprophytic fungi?
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What are decomposers in the fungal context?
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What color do fungi stain when gram-stained?
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What are asexual spores?
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What are zygospores?
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What are dimorphic fungi?
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What are mycoses?
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What are cutaneous mycoses?
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What are subcutaneous mycoses?
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What are systemic mycoses?
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What are opportunistic mycoses?
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What is budding?
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What are aseptate hyphae?
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What are septate hyphae?
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What is a protist?
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What are protozoa?
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What is the trophozoite stage in protozoa?
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What is the cyst stage in protozoa?
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What are pseudopods?
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What are flagella?
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What are cilia?
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What are amoebas?
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What is toxoplasmosis?
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What are flatworms?
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What are roundworms?
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Helminth infections are identified by high levels of ___________ in the blood, and the presence of helminth ______ in the stool.
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Study Notes
Fungi
- Eukaryotic microbes that can exist as unicellular or multicellular organisms.
- Reproduce through sexual and asexual methods.
- Yeasts are unicellular fungi.
- Molds are multicellular fungi characterized by mycelia.
- Saprophytic fungi feed on decaying tissues; decomposer fungi feed on spoiled food.
- Asexual spores arise without sexual reproduction; zygospores promote genetic variation.
- Dimorphic fungi can exist as yeasts at body temperature and as hyphae at room temperature, often pathogenic.
- Fungal infections are termed mycoses and can be classified as cutaneous, subcutaneous, systemic, or opportunistic.
Cellular Structures
- Glycocalyx serves as the protective outer layer of eukaryotic cells, aiding in adherence and reception.
- Only fungi possess a cell wall made of chitin; protozoa and helminthes lack cell walls.
- The cytoplasmic membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer; selectively permeable and stains pink in gram staining.
- The nucleus is the control center containing DNA and surrounded by a nuclear envelope, including a nucleolus.
- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consists of rough (for protein synthesis) and smooth (for synthesis and storage of nonprotein macromolecules) types.
- The Golgi apparatus packages proteins, while lysosomes are involved in intracellular digestion.
- Vacuoles serve as storage organelles, and mitochondria generate ATP; believed to have originated from engulfed bacteria.
- Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis and function as staging areas.
Protozoa
- Unicellular eukaryotes that typically exhibit chemoheterotrophy.
- Found in soil, water, and various animal hosts.
- Trophozoite stage is the active vegetative form; cyst stage is dormant and resistant to harsh environments.
- Distinct movement structures include pseudopods (amoeboid motion), flagella (one or few for locomotion), and cilia (numerous for movement).
- Amoebas reproduce asexually via fission.
Helminthes
- Parasitic worms that live within hosts; classified as flatworms and roundworms.
- Flatworms are thin, flat, and often segmented; include tapeworms and flukes.
- Roundworms are elongated, cylindrical, and unsegmented.
- Helminth infections can be diagnosed through elevated eosinophils in blood and presence of eggs in stool samples.
Miscellaneous
- Mycology is the study of fungi, including both multicellular fungi and yeasts.
- Fungal infections can lead to serious conditions like toxoplasmosis, affecting blood and lymph and posing risks to pregnant women and infants.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the classification of eukaryotic microbes with these flashcards covering fungi, yeasts, molds, protozoa, and helminthes. This quiz focuses on key definitions and characteristics that make these organisms unique. Perfect for biology students looking to grasp essential concepts in microbiology.