Biology Chapter 4: Cell Structure and Function

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Questions and Answers

Where are plasma membrane proteins typically located?

Attached to the cytoskeleton.

Inside the nucleus of the cell.

Embedded in the lipid bilayer or attached to the membrane surface. (correct)

Recessed within the mitochondria.

What is the role of cholesterol in human and animal cells?

It provides rigidity to the plasma membrane. (correct)

It facilitates cellular respiration.

It acts as a carbohydrate source.

It functions as a protein structure.

What primary function does the plasma membrane serve?

Storing genetic information.

Controlling movement of substances in and out of the cell. (correct)

Producing proteins.

Synthesizing energy.

Which of the following statements about plasma membrane composition is incorrect?

Lipids are solely responsible for the transport of substances. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT a function associated with the plasma membrane?

Storing nitrogenous waste products. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the cytoskeleton is the largest?

Microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytoskeleton in cells?

To provide shape, organization, and movement Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of the cytoskeleton?

Storing energy in the form of ATP Signup and view all the answers

What component of the cytoskeleton contributes to the movement of cilia and flagella?

Microtubules Signup and view all the answers

Why is the cytoskeleton important for cellular organization?

It provides a network for positioning organelles. Signup and view all the answers

What unique structural feature distinguishes the nuclear envelope from the cell membrane?

It has two outer lipid bilayers. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the nuclear envelope is accurate?

It provides additional protection for the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

How many outer lipid bilayers does the nuclear envelope have?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nuclear envelope?

To control the exchange of substances with the cytoplasm. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between the nucleus and the nuclear envelope?

The nuclear envelope surrounds and protects the nucleus. Signup and view all the answers

What is one method by which substances can move into cells?

Passive transport Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is least likely to be a mechanism for substance transport across cell membranes?

Transcription Signup and view all the answers

Which process requires energy input to move substances across a cell membrane?

Active transport Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes facilitated diffusion as a mode of transport?

Involves transport proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane?

Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

What process occurs inside mitochondria after pyruvate is formed?

Krebs cycle Signup and view all the answers

What is produced in the Krebs cycle that is significant for cellular respiration?

NADH Signup and view all the answers

Which compound is primarily generated from the Krebs cycle?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of the Krebs cycle within a cell?

Mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a step that occurs before the Krebs cycle?

Formation of glucose Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Plasma Membrane

In animal cells, the lipid in the plasma membrane is cholesterol.
Plasma membrane proteins are embedded in the bilayer or attached to its outer or inner surface.
It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

The Nuclear Envelope

The nucleus is enclosed in a nuclear envelope.
The nuclear envelope is composed of two lipid bilayers pressed against each other.
The nuclear envelope differs from the cell membrane.

The Cytoskeleton

The cytoskeleton is composed of different proteins that give cells their shapes, organization, and ability to move.
Microtubules are the largest cytoskeleton elements.

Cellular Respiration

The second stage of cellular respiration, the Krebs cycle and some steps before it, take place inside mitochondria.
NADH and pyruvate are the products of glycolysis.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from Biology Chapter 4, focusing on cell structures such as the plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, cytoskeleton, and the basics of cellular respiration. Test your understanding of how these components function and their significance in cellular activities.