Biology Chapter 33 Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about nematodes and arthropods are true? (Select all that apply)

Some nematodes are parasitic on humans. (correct)

Nematodes possess a closed circulatory system.

Both nematodes and arthropods must molt in order to increase in size. (correct)

Nematodes are acoelomate, whereas arthropods are coelomate.

Arthropods are named for their jointed appendages. (correct)

Both nematodes and arthropods possess an external covering, or cuticle. (correct)

The cuticle in nematodes lengthens as the animal grows.

Both nematodes and arthropods have segmented body plans.

Arthropods possess an open circulatory system. (correct)

Who do you work for as an entomologist in charge of neonicotinoids?

Environmental Protection Agency (correct)

Food and Drug Administration

Department of Health and Human Services

Department of Agriculture

How are varroa mites harmful to bees?

They spread pathogens.

Which individual would most likely be against a ban on neonicotinoids?

A cotton farmer Signup and view all the answers

What does Syngenta likely think is the best option to prevent more honeybee deaths?

Killing varroa mites Signup and view all the answers

Which body system should a scientist studying neonicotinoids on honeybees focus on?

Immune Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would most likely cause Turritopsis dohrnii to undergo cellular transdifferentiation?

Being repeatedly poked and prodded Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the sexual stage of a hydrozoan?

Medusa Signup and view all the answers

You observe a species of hydrozoan with many stolons. What will these stolons become?

Polyps Signup and view all the answers

What have you discovered if you find an on-off switch for the BRAF oncogene?

MiRNA Signup and view all the answers

If Shin Kubota's hunch is correct, where does the key to Turritopsis dohrnii immortality lie?

Its tentacles Signup and view all the answers

How are sponges most accurately described?

Filter feeders Signup and view all the answers

Some species of rotifers consist solely of females. Their method of reproduction is described as _____.

Parthenogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animal groups is entirely aquatic?

Echinodermata Signup and view all the answers

Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes 'jellies'?

Scyphozoa Signup and view all the answers

Members of the phylum Mollusca are described as _____.

Soft-bodied and often covered by a shell Signup and view all the answers

A shared derived characteristic for members of the arthropod subgroup that includes spiders would be the presence of _____.

Chelicerae Signup and view all the answers

Annelids have an open circulatory system.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is characteristic of the phylum Platyhelminthes?

They are dorsoventrally flattened. Signup and view all the answers

How many of the following are characteristics of at least some members of the phylum Cnidaria? 1. A gastrovascular cavity 2. A polyp stage 3. A medusa stage 4. Cnidocytes 5. A pseudocoelom

1, 2, 3, and 4 Signup and view all the answers

The organ(s) of respiratory gas exchange in oligochaetes is (are)

The skin Signup and view all the answers

The excretory organs of annelids are _____.

Metanephridia Signup and view all the answers

The water vascular system of echinoderms functions in _____.

Locomotion and feeding Signup and view all the answers

A radula is present in members of which clade(s)?

Chitons, gastropods and cephalopods Signup and view all the answers

In a tide pool, a student encounters an organism with a hard outer covering that contains much calcium carbonate, an open circulatory system, and gills. What structure would allow for the most certain identification of the organism?

A mantle Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum is characterized by animals that have a segmented body?

Arthropoda Signup and view all the answers

A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share _____.

A mantle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of cnidarians?

Gastrovascular cavity Signup and view all the answers

The animal phylum most like the protists that gave rise to the animal kingdom is _____.

Porifera Signup and view all the answers

What evidence indicates that vertebrates are more closely related to echinoderms than any other invertebrate phyla?

Shared DNA sequences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of nematodes?

They have only longitudinal muscles. Signup and view all the answers

Select all correct examples of invertebrates that combine morphological simplicity with features of great complexity.

Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles. Signup and view all the answers

Select the correct statement(s) about invertebrate taxa.

Ectoprocts lack a distinct head. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are thought to be most closely related to humans?

Sea stars Signup and view all the answers

A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange, and modified segmentation. What should be predicted about the adults of this species?

An open circulatory system. Signup and view all the answers

In terms of food capture, which sponge cell is most similar to the cnidocyte of a cnidarian?

Choanocyte Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ecdysozoa and Key Characteristics

Nematodes and arthropods are the largest phyla within the ecdysozoan group.
Nematodes and arthropods must molt to grow; this process allows for increases in size.
Arthropods feature an open circulatory system, while nematodes are acoelomate and possess a closed circulatory system.
Nematodes can be parasitic, causing harm to humans.
Both phyla possess an external covering called a cuticle and arthropods are distinguished by their jointed appendages.

Neonicotinoids and Regulatory Bodies

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) oversees the assessment of neonicotinoids in the U.S.
Cotton farmers are typically opposed to a ban on neonicotinoids, which they rely on for crop production.

Honeybee Health and Threats

Varroa mites are detrimental to bees primarily because they spread pathogens that can lead to diseases.
Syngenta advocates for killing varroa mites as a strategy to mitigate honeybee deaths.

The sexual stage of a hydrozoan is known as medusa.
Observing a hydrozoan species with numerous stolons indicates these will develop into polyps.

Cancer Research Insights

The discovery of an on-off switch for the BRAF oncogene relates to MiRNA, a type of regulatory RNA.

Sponges and Rotifers

Sponges function as filter feeders, filtering water to extract nutrients.
Certain species of rotifers reproduce exclusively through parthenogenesis, a form of asexual reproduction.

Animal Phyla Characteristics

Echinodermata represents the only wholly aquatic animal group.
Characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria include the presence of a gastrovascular cavity and a polyp stage during their lifecycle.
Annelids perform gas exchange through their skin, unlike other invertebrates with different respiratory systems.
Members of Mollusca, like snails and clams, share traits such as possessing a mantle and often a hard shell.
The arthropod subgroup, which includes spiders, is characterized by the presence of chelicerae.

Biological Relationships

Evidence, such as shared DNA sequences, suggests vertebrates are more closely related to echinoderms than other invertebrate phyla.
The phylum Porifera is notably similar to the ancestral protists that gave rise to the animal kingdom.

Nematodes and Annelids

Nematodes possess only longitudinal muscles, differentiating them from other animal groups.
The excretory organs of annelids are known as metanephridia.

Miscellaneous Characteristics

Echinoderms utilize a water vascular system for locomotion and feeding.
The presence of a mantle is a definitive characteristic of organisms like bivalves and gastropods.
Tapeworms lack both a mouth and a gastrovascular cavity, while ectoprocts have no distinct head.
Sea stars are considered to be closely related to humans within the animal kingdom.

Identifying Characteristics

A terrestrial species with a larval structure suggesting tubular gas exchange and modified segmentation likely features an open circulatory system as an adult.
Choanocytes in sponges function similarly to cnidocytes, facilitating food capture through filtration.

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Description

Test your knowledge on nematodes and arthropods in this quiz focused on Biology Chapter 33. Evaluate your understanding of the characteristics, differences, and biological classifications of these significant ecdysozoan phyla. Select true statements about their anatomy and ecology.