Questions and Answers
What is the basic principle of cell theory?
What is the smallest unit of life?
Cell
What do fibroblasts do?
Connect body parts
What type of cell moves organs and body parts?
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What function does a fat cell serve?
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What is the role of macrophages?
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What is the function of a nerve cell?
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Match the components of the generalized cell:
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What are organelles?
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What are extracellular materials?
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What do body fluids include?
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What is interstitial fluid?
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What are cellular secretions?
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What is the extracellular matrix?
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What is the plasma membrane?
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What does the fluid mosaic model describe?
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Study Notes
Cell Theory
- Defines cells as the fundamental structural and functional unit of life.
- Organism activities rely on both individual and collective cell functions.
- The structure and function of cells complement each other; their biochemical activities are influenced by shape and organelle quantity.
- New cells originate only from pre-existing cells.
The Cell
- Recognized as the smallest unit of life.
Cell Types
- Significant variability in the shape, size, function, and lifespan of cells.
Types of Specific Cells
- Fibroblasts, Erythrocytes, Epithelial Cells: Connect body parts, form linings, and transport gases.
- Skeletal Muscle and Smooth Muscle Cells: Facilitate movement of organs and body parts.
- Fat Cells: Specialized in nutrient storage.
- Macrophages: Play a role in disease defense.
- Nerve Cells: Responsible for gathering information and controlling body functions.
Generalized Cell Structure
- Plasma Membrane: Selectively permeable outer boundary of the cell.
- Cytoplasm: Fluid within the cell containing organelles that perform specific functions.
- Nucleus: Central organelle that regulates cellular activities.
Organelles
- Small structures within cells with designated functions.
Extracellular Materials
- Includes substances outside cells contributing to body mass, such as body fluids, secretions, and extracellular matrix.
Types of Extracellular Fluids
- Body Fluids: Encompass interstitial fluid, blood plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid, serving essential transport roles.
- Interstitial Fluid: Bathes cells, provides necessary nutrients like amino acids and fatty acids, crucial for cellular health.
- Cellular Secretions: Materials aiding digestion and providing lubrication (e.g., saliva, mucus).
Extracellular Matrix
- Dominant extracellular material acting as the "cell glue," particularly found in connective tissues.
Plasma Membrane Functions
- Outer membrane that delineates intracellular from extracellular fluid, integral to cell activity.
Fluid Mosaic Model
- Describes plasma membrane structure as a lipid bilayer with proteins creating a dynamic mosaic pattern.
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Explore the fundamental concepts of cell theory through this flashcard quiz. Each card highlights essential definitions and principles regarding the structure and function of cells, making it an ideal study tool for biology students.
