Biology Chapter 24: Barriers to Reproduction

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are examples of prezygotic barriers? (Select all that apply)

  • Mechanical isolation (correct)
  • Reduced hybrid viability
  • Temporal isolation (correct)
  • Hybrid breakdown

What is temporal isolation?

A prezygotic barrier where species breed during different times of the day, seasons, or years.

What is habitat isolation?

A prezygotic barrier where two species occupy different habitats within the same area.

What is behavioral isolation?

<p>A prezygotic barrier where courtship rituals that attract mates act as reproductive barriers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mechanical isolation?

<p>A prezygotic barrier where mating is attempted, but morphological differences prevent successful completion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is gametic isolation?

<p>A prezygotic barrier where sperm of one species may not fertilize the eggs of another species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of postzygotic barriers? (Select all that apply)

<p>Reduced hybrid fertility (A), Hybrid breakdown (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reduced hybrid viability?

<p>A postzygotic barrier where the genes of different parent species impair the hybrid's development or survival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reduced hybrid fertility?

<p>A postzygotic barrier where hybrids are sterile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hybrid breakdown?

<p>A postzygotic barrier where the first hybrid is viable, but subsequent generations are not fertile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Prezygotic Barrier

A reproductive barrier that prevents mating or fertilization between species.

Temporal Isolation

A prezygotic barrier where species breed at different times of day, seasons, or years.

Habitat Isolation

A prezygotic barrier where species occupy different habitats within the same area.

Behavioral Isolation

A prezygotic barrier where courtship rituals act as reproductive barriers.

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Mechanical Isolation

A prezygotic barrier where morphological differences prevent successful mating.

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Gametic Isolation

A prezygotic barrier where sperm of one species cannot fertilize the eggs of another.

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Postzygotic Barrier

A reproductive barrier that reduces the viability or fertility of hybrid offspring.

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Reduced Hybrid Viability

A postzygotic barrier where hybrids have impaired development or survival.

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Reduced Hybrid Fertility

A postzygotic barrier where hybrids are sterile.

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Hybrid Breakdown

A postzygotic barrier where subsequent generations of hybrids are infertile.

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Study Notes

Prezygotic Barriers

  • Prezygotic barriers prevent mating or fertilization between species.
  • Types of prezygotic barriers:
    • Temporal isolation: Species breed at different times (day, season, year); example: skunks.
    • Habitat isolation: Species live in different habitats within the same area; example: aquatic vs. terrestrial fruit flies.
    • Behavioral isolation: Mating rituals affect attraction; example: blue-footed boobies' courtship behaviors.
    • Mechanical isolation: Morphological differences hinder mating; example: incompatible snail shell shapes.
    • Gametic isolation: Sperm of one species cannot fertilize eggs of another; example: sea urchins.

Postzygotic Barriers

  • Postzygotic barriers occur after fertilization, affecting hybrid offspring.
  • Types of postzygotic barriers:
    • Reduced hybrid viability: Hybrids may have impaired development or survival due to gene interactions; example: salamander hybrids.
    • Reduced hybrid fertility: Hybrids are sterile and cannot reproduce; example: mules (horse and donkey hybrids).
    • Hybrid breakdown: First generation hybrids are viable, but subsequent generations fail to produce fertile offspring; example: some rice hybrids.

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