Questions and Answers
What is the relationship between a polymer and a monomer?
Monomers are the single units that together form a polymer.
Explain how both nucleic acids and proteins are polymers and describe the monomers that make them up.
Proteins are polymers of amino acids; nucleic acids are polymers of nucleotides.
How are carbohydrates and lipids similar?
Both are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; both are broken down as a source of energy.
Explain how the bonding properties of carbon atoms result in a variety of carbon-based molecules in living things.
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Why might fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleic acids increase the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution?
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Study Notes
Relationship between Polymers and Monomers
- Monomers are the fundamental building blocks of polymers.
- Polymers are formed by the chemical bonding of multiple monomers.
Nucleic Acids and Proteins as Polymers
- Both nucleic acids and proteins consist of smaller subunits linked together.
- Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are the monomers.
- Nucleic acids are made up of nucleotides, serving as their monomeric units.
Similarities between Carbohydrates and Lipids
- Both carbohydrates and lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- They serve as energy sources and have structural roles within organisms.
- Carbohydrates include substances like sugars and starches; lipids encompass fats, oils, and waxes.
- Carbohydrates are water-soluble, while lipids are not.
Bonding Properties of Carbon Atoms
- Carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds, allowing diverse molecular structures.
- This tetravalency results in a vast range of carbon-based molecules essential for life.
Impact of Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, and Nucleic Acids on Hydrogen Ion Concentration
- Fatty acids, amino acids, and nucleic acids are classified as acids.
- These acids release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in solution, increasing its acidity.
- In chemistry, acids are noted for sour taste and their ability to donate hydronium ions in water.
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Description
Test your knowledge on carbon-based molecules with these flashcards! Explore the relationship between polymers and monomers, and learn about the structures of nucleic acids and proteins. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of biological molecules.
