Questions and Answers
Electrons have what charge?
negative charge
Where are electrons found?
outside the nucleus
Neutrons have what charge?
neutral charge
Where are neutrons found?
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Protons have what charge?
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Where are protons found?
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What is a quark?
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Are covalent bonds strong or weak?
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What is an ion?
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What is adhesion?
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What is cohesion?
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How far can water travel upwards by capillary action?
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Why is water a good solvent?
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What are characteristics of water because of hydrogen bonds?
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When is water most dense?
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The pH scale ranges from __ to __.
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Acid is on which side of the pH scale?
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The basic side is on which side of the pH scale?
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What are 3 organic molecules?
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What is a monomer?
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What is the building block for protein?
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What are the building blocks for lipids?
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What are saturated fats full of?
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Where do we get saturated fats?
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What are 3 elements that make up lipids?
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How many amino acids are in proteins?
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What are proteins made up of?
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What are carbohydrates made up of?
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What is the building block of carbohydrates?
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Study Notes
Atomic Structure
- Electrons carry a negative charge and are located outside the nucleus of an atom.
- Neutrons have a neutral charge and are found inside the nucleus.
- Protons possess a positive charge and are also located in the nucleus.
- Quarks are smaller components of neutrons, protons, and electrons.
Chemical Bonds
- Covalent bonds are strong connections formed when atoms share electrons.
- Ions are formed when atoms or molecules gain or lose electrons or protons.
Water Properties
- Adhesion refers to the attraction between different substances, while cohesion is the attraction among similar substances.
- Water can travel upwards by capillary action to a height of 32 feet.
- Water's effectiveness as a solvent is due to its hydrogen bonds.
- Key characteristics of water influenced by hydrogen bonds include heat storage, weak evaporation, surface tension, and capillary action.
- Water is most dense at 4 °C.
pH Scale
- The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0-7 indicating acidic conditions and 7-14 representing basic conditions.
Organic Molecules
- Three main types of organic molecules include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
- Monomers serve as building blocks for larger molecules.
Building Blocks of Macromolecules
- The building block for proteins is amino acids, of which there are 20.
- Lipids are composed of glycerol and fatty acids, and they are saturated with hydrogen.
- Saturated fats primarily come from animal sources.
- Lipids are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with monosaccharides serving as their building blocks.
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Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 2 of Biology. This quiz covers fundamental topics such as the charges of subatomic particles and their locations within an atom. Perfect for review and preparation for your biology exam.
