Biology Chapter 2 Test Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Electrons have what charge?

negative charge

Where are electrons found?

outside the nucleus

Neutrons have what charge?

neutral charge

Where are neutrons found?

inside the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Protons have what charge?

positive charge Signup and view all the answers

Where are protons found?

in the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is a quark?

smaller part of neutrons, electrons, and protons Signup and view all the answers

Are covalent bonds strong or weak?

strong Signup and view all the answers

What is an ion?

an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons or protons Signup and view all the answers

What is adhesion?

attraction of substances that are different Signup and view all the answers

What is cohesion?

attraction of substances that are the same Signup and view all the answers

How far can water travel upwards by capillary action?

32 feet Signup and view all the answers

Why is water a good solvent?

its hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

What are characteristics of water because of hydrogen bonds?

stores heat, weak, evaporates slowly, surface tension, capillary action Signup and view all the answers

When is water most dense?

at 4 ° C Signup and view all the answers

The pH scale ranges from to .

0 to 14 Signup and view all the answers

Acid is on which side of the pH scale?

0-7 Signup and view all the answers

The basic side is on which side of the pH scale?

7-14 Signup and view all the answers

What are 3 organic molecules?

carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is a monomer?

a building block Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block for protein?

amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What are the building blocks for lipids?

glycerol and fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What are saturated fats full of?

hydrogen Signup and view all the answers

Where do we get saturated fats?

from animals Signup and view all the answers

What are 3 elements that make up lipids?

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

How many amino acids are in proteins?

20 Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins made up of?

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen Signup and view all the answers

What are carbohydrates made up of?

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the building block of carbohydrates?

monosaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Atomic Structure

Electrons carry a negative charge and are located outside the nucleus of an atom.
Neutrons have a neutral charge and are found inside the nucleus.
Protons possess a positive charge and are also located in the nucleus.
Quarks are smaller components of neutrons, protons, and electrons.

Chemical Bonds

Covalent bonds are strong connections formed when atoms share electrons.
Ions are formed when atoms or molecules gain or lose electrons or protons.

Water Properties

Adhesion refers to the attraction between different substances, while cohesion is the attraction among similar substances.
Water can travel upwards by capillary action to a height of 32 feet.
Water's effectiveness as a solvent is due to its hydrogen bonds.
Key characteristics of water influenced by hydrogen bonds include heat storage, weak evaporation, surface tension, and capillary action.
Water is most dense at 4 °C.

pH Scale

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 0-7 indicating acidic conditions and 7-14 representing basic conditions.

Organic Molecules

Three main types of organic molecules include carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
Monomers serve as building blocks for larger molecules.

Building Blocks of Macromolecules

The building block for proteins is amino acids, of which there are 20.
Lipids are composed of glycerol and fatty acids, and they are saturated with hydrogen.
Saturated fats primarily come from animal sources.
Lipids are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with monosaccharides serving as their building blocks.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 2 of Biology. This quiz covers fundamental topics such as the charges of subatomic particles and their locations within an atom. Perfect for review and preparation for your biology exam.