Biology Chapter 18 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

According to the rules of binomial nomenclature, which of the terms is capitalized?

The genus name only (correct)

The species name

Both genus and species names

Neither genus nor species names

What is phylum composed of?

Several different classes

Which are the two highest level taxa in the Linnaean system?

Phylum and kingdom

Animals that are warm-blooded, have body hair, and produce milk for their young are grouped in which class?

Mammalia Signup and view all the answers

What does a monophyletic group include in evolutionary classification?

One ancestor and all its descendants Signup and view all the answers

What do all organisms have in common?

They all use DNA to pass on information Signup and view all the answers

In Linnaeus's time, all life was divided into which two kingdoms?

Animals and plants Signup and view all the answers

In heterotrophs, energy for life processes comes from the chemical energy stored in the bonds of what?

Organic compounds Signup and view all the answers

Which of the six kingdoms correspond to the domain Eukarya?

The kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia only Signup and view all the answers

Fungi are different from plants primarily because they are?

Heterotrophic Signup and view all the answers

A genus is composed of a number of similar?

Species Signup and view all the answers

What is taxonomy?

A classification system based on shared characteristics Signup and view all the answers

In the scientific name Acer saccharum, what does the second part of the name, saccharum, designate?

Species Signup and view all the answers

Which category listed has the most biological meaning?

All birds descended from a hawklike ancestor Signup and view all the answers

What is a derived character?

A trait that arose in the most recent common ancestor of a particular lineage and passed to its descendants Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the six kingdoms of life as they are now identified?

Eukarya Signup and view all the answers

All of the following are domains of life except?

Protista Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of evolutionary classification?

To classify organisms according to phylogeny rather than physical similarities only Signup and view all the answers

An organism is a multicellular heterotroph made up of eukaryotic cells lacking cell walls. Into which taxonomic group should the organism be classified?

Animals Signup and view all the answers

An organism is classified in the kingdom Plantae. Which of the following must be true about the organism?

It is autotrophic Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Binomial Nomenclature

The genus name is the only term that is capitalized.

Taxonomic Hierarchy

Several different classes are grouped together to form a phylum.
The two highest taxonomic categories in the Linnaean system are phylum and kingdom.

Animal Classification

Warm-blooded animals with body hair that produce milk for their young belong to the class Mammalia.

Evolutionary Classification

A monophyletic group contains one ancestor along with all its descendants.
The goal of evolutionary classification is to organize organisms based on phylogenetic relationships rather than solely on physical traits.

Common Characteristics of Organisms

All organisms utilize DNA to transmit genetic information.

Historical Taxonomy

In Linnaeus's era, life was classified into two kingdoms: animals and plants.

Nutrition and Energy

Heterotrophs derive energy for life processes from the chemical energy stored in organic compounds.

Domains and Kingdoms

The domain Eukarya includes the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Fungi are classified as heterotrophic, distinguishing them from plants.

Species and Genera

A genus encompasses multiple similar species.
The second part of the scientific name (e.g., saccharum in Acer saccharum) identifies the species.

Derived Characters

A derived character is a trait that originated in the most recent common ancestor of a lineage and is inherited by its descendants.

Classification Errors

Eukarya is not one of the six kingdoms of life; it represents a domain.
Protista is incorrectly cited as a domain of life.

Organism Classification

An organism characterized as a multicellular heterotroph made up of eukaryotic cells with no cell walls is classified as an animal.
Organisms in the kingdom Plantae are autotrophic, indicating they produce their own food.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts from Biology Chapter 18 with these flashcards. This set covers essential terminology and classification in the field of biology, including binomial nomenclature and the Linnaean taxonomic system.