Biology Chapter 1: The Living World
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Questions and Answers

What is biology considered the science of?

  • conservation of biodiversity
  • anthropocentric view of nature
  • inanimate matter
  • life forms and living processes (correct)

    • What was deified by early man?

  • some inanimate matter and some living organisms (correct)
  • only inanimate matter
  • neither inanimate matter nor living organisms
  • only living organisms

    • What is a common feature of both inanimate and animate objects?

  • sense of indifference
  • sense of wonder
  • sense of curiosity
  • awe or fear (correct)

    • When did the description of living organisms including human beings begin?

    <p>much later in human history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevented societies from registering progress in biological knowledge?

    <p>anthropocentric view of biology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of systematic and monumental description of life forms?

    <p>recognition of similarities among living organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a revelation that humbled man and led to cultural movements?

    <p>all present day living organisms are related to each other and also to all organisms that ever lived on this earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be described in the following chapters of this unit?

    <p>classification of animals and plants from a taxonomist’s perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of taxonomic studies in biology?

    <p>To identify the similarities and dissimilarities among organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'specific epithet' refer to in binomial nomenclature?

    <p>The species name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the scientific name for human beings?

    <p>Homo sapiens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a genus in taxonomy?

    <p>A group of related species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a genus?

    <p>Panthera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a family in taxonomy?

    <p>A group of related genera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a genus and a family?

    <p>A genus has fewer characteristics in common than a family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a species?

    <p>Panthera leo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the branch of knowledge that deals with the identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms?

    <p>Taxonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of taxonomic studies?

    <p>To know our bio-resources and their diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the system of nomenclature used to name organisms?

    <p>Binomial system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Phylum/Division of the organism 'Man'?

    <p>Chordata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the biological name of the organism 'Housefly'?

    <p>Musca domestica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of classification of organisms?

    <p>To facilitate the study of kinds and diversity of organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is taxonomy important?

    <p>It is useful in agriculture, forestry, and industry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the binomial system of nomenclature?

    <p>It uses a combination of two words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimate of the number of known and described species on Earth?

    <p>1.7-1.8 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the number and types of organisms present on Earth?

    <p>Biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do we observe a greater variety of living organisms in a dense forest?

    <p>Because of the increase in area of observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of scientists when answering the question 'What is living?'

    <p>To distinguish between living and non-living things</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of classifying living organisms?

    <p>To group them into taxonomic categories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increasing the area of observation for living organisms?

    <p>An increase in the number of species seen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a taxon?

    <p>A category in taxonomic hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe each different kind of plant, animal, or organism?

    <p>Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the continuous discovery of new organisms?

    <p>Because we are exploring new areas and old ones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of taxonomic categories?

    <p>Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implicit question that scientists attempt to answer when reflecting on 'what is living?'

    <p>What distinguishes living from non-living things?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do we learn from the identification of individuals and populations?

    <p>Their characteristics and diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the botanical name of the Mango?

    <p>Mangifera indica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do classification systems change over time?

    <p>As our understanding of evolution changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    The Living World

    • The living world comprises an amazing diversity of living organisms, with a range of sizes, colors, habitats, and physiological and morphological features.
    • The diversity of living organisms is so vast that it is estimated to range between 1.7-1.8 million species, although new species are still being discovered.

    Biological Classification

    • Biological classification is a system of identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms, which is essential for understanding the diversity of life.
    • The classification system is based on the principle of grouping similar organisms together, and it is used to identify and categorize organisms into different taxonomic categories.

    Taxonomic Categories

    • Species: a group of individual organisms with fundamental similarities, distinguished by distinct morphological differences.
    • Genus: a group of related species that have more characters in common compared to species of other genera.
    • Family: a group of related genera with still fewer similarities compared to genus and species.
    • Order: a higher level of taxonomic category that groups related families together.
    • Class: a higher level of taxonomic category that groups related orders together.
    • Phylum/Division: a higher level of taxonomic category that groups related classes together.

    Binomial System of Nomenclature

    • Each organism is assigned a correct scientific/biological name comprising two words: the genus name and the specific epithet.
    • The binomial system of nomenclature is universally accepted and used to identify and categorize organisms.

    Importance of Taxonomic Studies

    • Taxonomic studies are useful in agriculture, forestry, industry, and in general for knowing our bio-resources and their diversity.
    • The study of kinds and diversity of organisms helps us understand the defining characteristics of living organisms.

    Exercises

    • Questions to be answered, including:
      • Why are living organisms classified?
      • Why are classification systems changing?
      • Criteria for classifying people
      • What we learn from identification of individuals and populations
      • Correct sequence of taxonomical categories
      • Examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels
      • Meaning of species in different contexts
      • Definition and understanding of taxonomic terms (phylum, class, family, order, genus)
      • Illustration of taxonomical hierarchy with examples of a plant and an animal.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of biology, including the diversity of living organisms and the early understanding of living processes.

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