Biology: Cellular Respiration
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Questions and Answers

What is the net gain of ATP molecules per glucose molecule during aerobic respiration?

  • 2
  • 10-12
  • 36-38 (correct)
  • 4-6
  • Where does glycolysis take place?

  • Cytoplasm (correct)
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus
  • What is the respiratory quotient (RQ) for carbohydrates?

  • 0.8
  • 1.2
  • 1 (correct)
  • 0.7
  • What is the purpose of oxidative phosphorylation?

    <p>Production of ATP molecules using energy from NADH and FADH2 molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of respiration in cellular activities?

    <p>Generating energy for cellular activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net gain of ATP molecules during anaerobic respiration per glucose molecule?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Overview of Respiration

    • Respiration is the process by which cells generate energy from the food they consume
    • It involves the breakdown of glucose and other organic molecules to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

    Types of Respiration

    • Aerobic Respiration: occurs in the presence of oxygen, produces a net gain of 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
      • Takes place in the mitochondria
      • Involves three stages: glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation
    • Anaerobic Respiration: occurs in the absence of oxygen, produces a net gain of 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule
      • Takes place in the cytoplasm
      • Involves two stages: glycolysis and fermentation

    Stages of Aerobic Respiration

    • Glycolysis: breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules
      • Takes place in the cytoplasm
      • Net gain of 2 ATP molecules
    • Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle): breakdown of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, producing 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2 molecules
      • Takes place in the mitochondria
      • Net gain of 2 ATP molecules
    • Oxidative Phosphorylation: production of ATP molecules using the energy from NADH and FADH2 molecules
      • Takes place in the mitochondrial inner membrane
      • Net gain of 32-34 ATP molecules

    Respiratory Quotient (RQ)

    • RQ is the ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed during respiration
    • RQ values:
      • Carbohydrates: 1
      • Fats: 0.7
      • Proteins: 0.8

    Importance of Respiration

    • Generating energy for cellular activities
    • Maintaining cellular homeostasis
    • Supporting growth and development

    Respiration Overview

    • Respiration is the process of generating energy from consumed food by breaking down glucose and organic molecules to produce ATP.

    Aerobic Respiration

    • Occurs in the presence of oxygen, producing a net gain of 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
    • Takes place in the mitochondria.
    • Involves three stages: glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

    Anaerobic Respiration

    • Occurs in the absence of oxygen, producing a net gain of 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.
    • Takes place in the cytoplasm.
    • Involves two stages: glycolysis and fermentation.

    Glycolysis

    • Breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, producing 2 ATP and 2 NADH molecules.
    • Takes place in the cytoplasm.
    • Net gain of 2 ATP molecules.

    Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)

    • Breakdown of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, producing 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2 molecules.
    • Takes place in the mitochondria.
    • Net gain of 2 ATP molecules.

    Oxidative Phosphorylation

    • Production of ATP molecules using energy from NADH and FADH2 molecules.
    • Takes place in the mitochondrial inner membrane.
    • Net gain of 32-34 ATP molecules.

    Respiratory Quotient (RQ)

    • Ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed during respiration.
    • RQ values: carbohydrates (1), fats (0.7), and proteins (0.8).

    Importance of Respiration

    • Generating energy for cellular activities.
    • Maintaining cellular homeostasis.
    • Supporting growth and development.

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    Description

    Understand the process of cellular respiration, including aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and how cells generate energy from glucose.

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