Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: June Exam Easy
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Questions and Answers

Where do the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place?

  • Stroma (correct)
  • Thylakoids
  • Grana
  • Chloroplasts

    • What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plant cells?

  • To store nutrients and waste products
  • To synthesize proteins
  • To capture light energy for photosynthesis (correct)
  • To convert carbon dioxide into glucose

    • What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  • To store genetic information
  • To synthesize proteins
  • To convert solar energy into chemical energy (correct)
  • To regulate cell growth

    • What can occupy up to 90% of a plant cell's volume?

    <p>Central vacuole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solution found in the central vacuole of a plant cell?

    <p>Cell sap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?

    <p>Protection and structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the plant cell wall?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thylakoids in chloroplasts?

    <p>Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms have cell walls made of cellulose?

    <p>Only plants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?

    <p>Absorption of light energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between plant and animal cells?

    <p>Presence of cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell wall?

    <p>Cell signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic unit of life in multicellular organisms?

    <p>Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the digestive system?

    <p>To break down food into small particles that can be absorbed into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

    <p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>To mix food with gastric juices and enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the long, twisting pipe-like structure that extends from the mouth to the anus?

    <p>Alimentary Canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the groups of organs that work together to perform complex functions?

    <p>Organ System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of observing cells under a microscope?

    <p>Microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of organism composed of many cells that specialize and work together?

    <p>Multicellular Organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of vacuoles in plant cells?

    <p>To store nutrients and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of turgor pressure in plant cells?

    <p>To support plant growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the shape of plant and animal cells?

    <p>Plant cells are rectangular, while animal cells are flexible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for breaking down waste materials in plant cells?

    <p>Vacuoles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

    <p>To allow communication between adjacent plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is found in animal cells but not typically in plant cells?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the vacuole in cell growth?

    <p>To absorb water and expand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common function of peroxisomes in both plant and animal cells?

    <p>To detoxify harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of starch in plant cells?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscope uses visible light to illuminate specimens and lenses to magnify the image?

    <p>Light Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a light microscope?

    <p>To control the amount of light reaching the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which cells specialize to perform distinct functions?

    <p>Differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell is capable of dividing and differentiating into various specialized cells?

    <p>Stem Cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stage in a light microscope?

    <p>To hold the slide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of staining in microscopic observation?

    <p>To enhance the contrast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glycogen in animal cells?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the coarse and fine focus knobs in a light microscope?

    <p>To focus the image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of microscope is suitable for viewing the ultrastructure of cells and tissues?

    <p>Electron Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>To absorb water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth by eating or drinking?

    <p>Ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease that gradually replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue?

    <p>Liver Cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

    <p>To transport blood throughout the body and deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscular organ that pumps blood through the body?

    <p>Heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body?

    <p>Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of blood circulation between the heart and the lungs?

    <p>Pulmonary circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rectum in the digestive system?

    <p>To store feces until they are expelled through the anus during the process of egestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the removal of undigested or unwanted particles from the body as feces through the rectum and anus?

    <p>Egestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight?

    <p>Anorexia Nervosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the kidneys located in the human body?

    <p>On either side of the ribcage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ureters?

    <p>To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of filtering blood in the kidneys?

    <p>Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys?

    <p>Glomerulonephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tube that connects the bladder to the exterior of the body?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of reabsorbing essential substances back into the bloodstream?

    <p>Reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the passage of urine from the bladder out of the body?

    <p>Urination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter blood effectively?

    <p>Kidney failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys?

    <p>Kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the muscular walls of the ureters that propel urine downward?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit nerve impulses between different parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is PKD?

    <p>A genetic disorder characterized by numerous cysts in the kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sensory organs in the nervous system?

    <p>To collect information from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

    <p>To oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central organ of the nervous system?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the spinal cord?

    <p>To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when the force of blood against the artery walls is too high?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the respiratory system?

    <p>To exchange gases between the body and the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of sending and receiving impulses in the nervous system?

    <p>Synaptic transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?

    <p>To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the trachea?

    <p>To conduct air from the pharynx to the bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the brain in the nervous system?

    <p>To process sensory information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gap between neurons?

    <p>Synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the bronchi?

    <p>To distribute air throughout the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of neurotransmitters?

    <p>To transmit signals between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes?

    <p>Bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the alveoli?

    <p>To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?

    <p>To contract and relax to change the volume of the thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the spinal cord in the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of regular hydration for the excretory system?

    <p>To support the excretory system's health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a heart attack?

    <p>The affected heart muscle can be damaged or die</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit nerve impulses between different parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways?

    <p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a stroke happens?

    <p>The blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit neural signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pharynx?

    <p>To serve as a passageway for both air and food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment?

    <p>Gaseous Exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the taste buds on the tongue?

    <p>To detect different flavors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity?

    <p>To detect airborne chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the brain?

    <p>To regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result from damage to the brain or spinal cord?

    <p>-paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of degenerative disorder that affects memory and cognition?

    <p>Alzheimer's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can impair the ability to process sensory information?

    <p>Sensory organ problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause significant damage to the brain?

    <p>Substance abuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important for appreciating how our bodies interact with the environment and maintain internal balance?

    <p>Understanding the nervous system's structure and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit electrical impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of sensory organs in the nervous system?

    <p>To detect external stimuli and send information to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

    <p>To carry signals from one neuron to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of damage to the brain or spinal cord from accidents or injuries?

    <p>Loss of function, such as paralysis or cognitive impairments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the excretory system?

    <p>To remove metabolic waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of substance abuse on the nervous system?

    <p>It can cause irreversible brain damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the central nervous system (CNS) in the nervous system?

    <p>To process information and send out motor commands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of reflex arcs in the nervous system?

    <p>To bypass the brain and directly connect sensory neurons to motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a stroke in the nervous system?

    <p>Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nervous system in maintaining overall health and well-being?

    <p>It plays a vital role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of starch in plant cells?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between plant and animal cells in terms of energy storage?

    <p>Plant cells store energy in the form of starch, while animal cells store energy in the form of glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of microscope is suitable for viewing live cells and tissues?

    <p>Light Microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the eyepiece in a light microscope?

    <p>To magnify the image of the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of cells specializing to perform distinct functions?

    <p>Differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are capable of dividing and differentiating into various specialized cells?

    <p>Stem Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of staining in microscopic observation?

    <p>To enhance contrast and allow for better visualization of structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glycogen in animal cells?

    <p>To store energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the preparation method used for observing living organisms and aquatic samples?

    <p>Wet Mount</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a light microscope?

    <p>To control the amount of light reaching the specimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of vacuoles in plant cells?

    <p>To store nutrients, waste products, and other substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organelles is typically found in animal cells but not in plant cells?

    <p>Lysosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the shape of plant and animal cells?

    <p>Plant cells have a fixed, rectangular shape, while animal cells have an irregular shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of turgor pressure in plant cells?

    <p>To provide support and rigidity to the plant structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

    <p>To allow communication and transport between adjacent plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of peroxisomes in both plant and animal cells?

    <p>To detoxify harmful substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the vacuole in cell growth?

    <p>To absorb water and expand the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organelles is responsible for breaking down waste materials in plant cells?

    <p>Vacuoles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of adult stem cells?

    <p>To maintain and repair tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

    <p>The number of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hierarchy of organization in multicellular organisms?

    <p>Cells, organs, tissues, systems, organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the digestive system?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

    <p>To move chewed food from the mouth to the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>To mix food with gastric juices and enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of observing cells under a microscope?

    <p>Microscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

    <p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the long, twisting pipe-like structure that extends from the mouth to the anus?

    <p>Alimentary canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>Absorbing water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth by eating or drinking?

    <p>Ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease that gradually replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue?

    <p>Liver Cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?

    <p>Pumping blood through the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body?

    <p>Arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of blood circulation between the heart and the lungs?

    <p>Pulmonary Circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the rectum in the digestive system?

    <p>Storing feces until they are expelled through the anus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

    <p>To transport blood throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the removal of undigested or unwanted particles from the body as feces through the rectum and anus?

    <p>Egestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>To break down large food pieces into smaller particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does gaseous exchange occur in the human body?

    <p>In the alveoli and body tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the brain?

    <p>To process sensory information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes?

    <p>Bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the spinal cord?

    <p>To transmit neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the malignant disease often caused by smoking, exposure to radon gas, asbestos, and severe air pollution?

    <p>Lung Cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways?

    <p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

    <p>Tuberculosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

    <p>To oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of oxygenated blood in systemic circulation?

    <p>From the left ventricle to the aorta to the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a heart attack?

    <p>The affected heart muscle can be damaged or die</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the respiratory system?

    <p>To oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

    <p>To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?

    <p>To change the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to flow in and out of the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a stroke?

    <p>Brain cells begin to die within minutes, resulting in loss of function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pharynx in the respiratory system?

    <p>To serve as a passageway for both air and food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the description of high blood pressure?

    <p>A condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is too high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breathing or inhaling?

    <p>Inhalation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the kidneys located in the body?

    <p>On either side of the spine, just below the ribcage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ureters?

    <p>To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the bladder?

    <p>To store urine until it is excreted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the kidneys filter waste from the blood?

    <p>Filtration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the functional units of the kidneys?

    <p>Nephrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of kidney failure?

    <p>Chronic kidney disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys?

    <p>Kidney stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys?

    <p>Glomerulonephritis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tube that connects the bladder to the exterior of the body?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the collecting ducts in the kidneys?

    <p>To funnel urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of sensory organs in the nervous system?

    <p>To detect external stimuli and send information to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nervous system?

    <p>To regulate body functions to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reflex action?

    <p>A rapid, involuntary response to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the excretory system?

    <p>To remove waste products generated by the body's cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted?

    <p>A stroke occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for disorders that cause progressive loss of neural function?

    <p>Degenerative disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

    <p>To carry signals from the synapse to the next neuron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of motor neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit motor commands to muscles and glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

    <p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the olfactory receptors in the nose?

    <p>To detect airborne chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of damage to the brain or spinal cord?

    <p>Severe and often irreversible consequences, including paralysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the brain?

    <p>To regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a stroke?

    <p>Permanent damage and loss of function in parts of the body controlled by the affected brain area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the taste buds on the tongue?

    <p>To detect different flavors of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Progressive degeneration of the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of substance abuse on the brain?

    <p>Significant damage to the brain, impairing cognitive functions, memory, learning, and emotional regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of damage to sensory organs such as the eyes and ears?

    <p>Impairment of the ability to process sensory information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the nervous system?

    <p>To transmit nerve impulses between different parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central organ of the nervous system?

    <p>Brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sensory organs in the nervous system?

    <p>To collect information from the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of sending and receiving impulses in the nervous system?

    <p>Neurotransmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the kidneys in the excretory system?

    <p>To filter waste from the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys?

    <p>Polycystic Kidney Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the brain in the nervous system?

    <p>To control various functions of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the brain through the spine?

    <p>Spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?

    <p>To transmit signals between the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the sensory organs in the ear?

    <p>To detect sound waves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the scrotum?

    <p>To regulate the temperature of the testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which an ovary releases a mature egg?

    <p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body?

    <p>Urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition in which tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside the uterus?

    <p>Endometriosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a sperm cell from the male combines with an egg cell from the female?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the release of semen, which contains sperm, from the penis?

    <p>Ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the long, coiled tube located at the back of each testis?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of puberty?

    <p>To develop the reproductive organs and produce gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duct that transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra?

    <p>Vas Deferens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the lining of the uterus is shed through the vagina?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for diseases that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact?

    <p>Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pituitary gland in puberty?

    <p>To release hormones that stimulate the gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the scrotum?

    <p>To regulate the temperature of the testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased levels of oestrogen in females during puberty?

    <p>A widening of the hips and development of a more rounded body shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive organ is responsible for transporting mature sperm to the urethra?

    <p>Vas deferens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the onset of the menstrual cycle in females?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the reproductive cells produced by males?

    <p>Sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the foreskin?

    <p>To cover the head of the penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ovaries in females?

    <p>To produce ova</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the urethra?

    <p>To transport urine and semen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical changes that differentiate males and females and are not directly involved in reproduction?

    <p>Secondary sexual characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the vagina?

    <p>To serve as a receptacle for the penis during sexual intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the uterus?

    <p>To house and nourish a fertilized egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of puberty in males?

    <p>The growth and maturity of the reproductive organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which the pituitary gland releases hormones that stimulate the gonads?

    <p>Gonadal stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the ovaries?

    <p>To produce female sex hormones and store eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Fallopian tubes?

    <p>To transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the release of a mature egg from one of the ovaries?

    <p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the egg is not fertilized?

    <p>The lining of the uterus is shed and expelled from the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the reproductive system?

    <p>To ensure the continuation of the species through sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

    <p>To produce ova and release them during ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system?

    <p>To connect the ovaries to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops during pregnancy?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the testes in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To produce sperm cells and testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the vagina in the female reproductive system?

    <p>To serve as the passage through which menstrual blood leaves the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

    <p>In the lower abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which a sperm cell combines with an egg cell to form a new individual?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the moist surface of alveoli?

    <p>To help gases dissolve and diffuse more rapidly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of capillaries in blood circulation?

    <p>To connect arteries and veins, facilitating exchange of oxygen and nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of inefficient gaseous exchange?

    <p>Severe health issues, such as asthma and emphysema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the left atrium in the heart?

    <p>To receive oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pump it into the left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of arteries, except pulmonary arteries?

    <p>They carry oxygenated blood under high pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

    <p>To combine oxygen with glucose to release energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of veins, except pulmonary veins?

    <p>To carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of efficient gaseous exchange?

    <p>To maintain the body's homeostasis, ensuring cellular respiration and waste removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary veins to the left atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

    <p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the diaphragm during inhalation?

    <p>To contract and flatten, moving downwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization occur?

    <p>In the outer part of the oviduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of alcohol consumption during pregnancy?

    <p>Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the placenta?

    <p>To provide nutrients and oxygen to the embryo, while removing waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During exhalation, what happens to the rib cage?

    <p>It moves downwards and inwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of cell division and growth during which the embryo develops into a fetus?

    <p>Gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the umbilical cord?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of nutrients and oxygen between the embryo and the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the period of time during which the embryo develops into a fetus?

    <p>Gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the heart in the respiratory system?

    <p>To pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the alveoli in the lungs?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of gases between the air and the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

    <p>It contracts and flattens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the intercostal muscles during inhalation?

    <p>To contract and expand the rib cage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the capillaries in the lungs?

    <p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the bronchi and bronchioles in the lungs?

    <p>To distribute air throughout the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the diaphragm relaxing during exhalation?

    <p>The thoracic volume decreases and air is drawn into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the oxygen in the blood?

    <p>To provide energy for the body's cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the haemoglobin molecules in the blood?

    <p>To bind oxygen and transport it to the body's cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the right ventricle in the circulatory system?

    <p>To pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indicator of fitness in the circulatory system?

    <p>Lower resting heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of proteins in the diet?

    <p>To build and repair body cells and tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a healthy source of fat?

    <p>Olive oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vitamin C in the body?

    <p>To keep skin and gums healthy and boost the immune system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of minerals in the diet?

    <p>Fruits and vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the lungs in the circulatory system?

    <p>To facilitate the exchange of gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

    <p>To supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove carbon dioxide and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of carbohydrates in the diet?

    <p>To provide energy for the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibre in the diet?

    <p>To aid in digestion and prevent constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fibre in the human body?

    <p>To maintain regular bowel movements and prevent constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>To continue the process of mechanical digestion through muscular contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving food through the alimentary canal?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>To absorb nutrients from food into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of table salt?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and transported to the body's cells?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of water in the human body?

    <p>To facilitate chemical reactions in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach?

    <p>Oesophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

    <p>To absorb water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth by eating or drinking?

    <p>Ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the reproductive system?

    <p>to ensure the continuation of the species through sexual reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of ovaries in the female reproductive system?

    <p>to produce ova and release them during ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for fertilization?

    <p>fallopian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the testes in the male reproductive system?

    <p>to produce sperm cells and testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus?

    <p>uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the vagina in the female reproductive system?

    <p>to serve as the passage through which menstrual blood leaves the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the ovaries to the uterus in the female reproductive system?

    <p>fallopian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of estrogen and progesterone in the female reproductive system?

    <p>to regulate the menstrual cycle and pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of puberty?

    <p>To develop the reproductive organs and produce gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ovaries in females during puberty?

    <p>To produce oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pituitary gland in initiating puberty?

    <p>To release hormones that stimulate the gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the testes in males?

    <p>To produce testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of increased oestrogen levels in females during puberty?

    <p>Widening of the hips and development of a more rounded body shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the scrotum in males?

    <p>To regulate body temperature for sperm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the onset of menstruation in females?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hormones during puberty?

    <p>To initiate puberty by stimulating the gonads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the physical changes that occur during puberty?

    <p>Secondary sexual characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To regulate temperature for sperm production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during ovulation in the female reproductive system?

    <p>A mature egg is released from the ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To transport mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of fertilization in the reproductive system?

    <p>A sperm cell combines with an egg cell to form a zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To store and mature sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of infertility in both males and females?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a serious health consequence of untreated sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the urethra in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To transport semen during ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus?

    <p>Endometriosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

    <p>To produce fluids that make up semen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the scrotum?

    <p>To regulate the temperature of the testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the sperm duct, or vas deferens?

    <p>To transport mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the urethra?

    <p>To carry both urine and semen, but not at the same time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the vagina?

    <p>To serve as a receptacle for the penis during sexual intercourse, a pathway for menstrual blood to leave the body, and a birth canal during childbirth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to oxygen in the alveoli during inhalation?

    <p>It diffuses from the alveoli into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the uterus?

    <p>To house and nourish a fertilized egg until it develops into a fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the intercostal muscles during inhalation?

    <p>They contract and expand the rib cage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the ovaries?

    <p>To produce female sex hormones and store and release eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the oviducts, or Fallopian tubes?

    <p>To connect the ovaries to the uterus and allow the egg to travel through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the bronchi and bronchioles?

    <p>To distribute air throughout the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of the reproductive cycle when the uterine lining sheds and is expelled from the body?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stage of the reproductive cycle when a mature egg is released from the ovary?

    <p>Ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that surrounds each alveolus?

    <p>A dense network of capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the uterine lining thickening during the reproductive cycle?

    <p>To prepare for potential pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to carbon dioxide during exhalation?

    <p>It is expelled from the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the diaphragm during inhalation?

    <p>It contracts and flattens, creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood?

    <p>Gaseous exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the heart in the respiratory system?

    <p>To pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the adaptation that increases the surface area for gaseous exchange in the lungs?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a sperm successfully penetrating the egg?

    <p>The egg's surface changes to prevent additional sperm from entering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does a human pregnancy typically last?

    <p>40 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse called?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition resulting from alcohol consumption during pregnancy?

    <p>Foetal Alcohol Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During inhalation, what happens to the rib cage and diaphragm?

    <p>The rib cage moves upwards and outwards, and the diaphragm contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pathway of air during inhalation?

    <p>Mouth and nose, then pharynx and larynx, then trachea, then bronchi, then lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the placenta in the embryo's development?

    <p>To provide nutrients and oxygen to the embryo, and remove waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of the uterus contracting to push the fetus's head into the vagina during birth?

    <p>Labor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that connects the embryo to the placenta, facilitating the exchange of substances?

    <p>Umbilical cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of gas exchange in the lungs?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of gaseous exchange in the body?

    <p>To supply cells with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a result of problems with gaseous exchange?

    <p>Severe health issues such as asthma and emphysema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct pathway of blood circulation from the lungs to the heart?

    <p>Pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

    <p>To connect arteries and veins, facilitating gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the by-product of cellular respiration in the mitochondria?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of arteries?

    <p>Strong, muscular walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of veins in the circulatory system?

    <p>To transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of breaking down waste materials in cells?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?

    <p>To pump blood throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of supplying cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide?

    <p>Gaseous exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of fibre in the digestive system?

    <p>To help maintain regular bowel movements and prevent constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of water in the human body?

    <p>More than 50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

    <p>Right Ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an indicator of better cardiovascular fitness?

    <p>Lower resting heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process that involves the physical breakdown of food?

    <p>Mechanical digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy source for the body?

    <p>Carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the alimentary canal?

    <p>To facilitate the digestion and absorption of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of food through the alimentary canal?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a healthy fat source?

    <p>Sardines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the small intestine?

    <p>To facilitate the digestion and absorption of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of vitamin D in the body?

    <p>Builds strong bones and teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of identifying the types of food molecules present in different foods?

    <p>Testing food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mineral is essential for strong bones and teeth?

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

    <p>To supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove carbon dioxide and waste products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the health issues directly related to diet?

    <p>Health problems related to diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

    <p>To continue the process of mechanical digestion through muscular contractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of efficient circulation and respiration?

    <p>Maintaining homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of a healthy diet?

    <p>Foods from all seven essential groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth?

    <p>Ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of fibre in the diet?

    <p>Is a non-digestible carbohydrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are compounds made up of?

    <p>Two or more different kinds of atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a molecule?

    <p>A cluster of atoms bonded together in a specific manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a formula unit?

    <p>The smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an element?

    <p>A substance made up of only one kind of atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a diatomic molecule?

    <p>A molecule with two atoms of the same element bonded together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the atoms in a compound?

    <p>They are combined in a fixed ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between water and hydrogen peroxide?

    <p>Water has a fixed ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom, while hydrogen peroxide has a fixed ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms to 2 oxygen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the fixed ratio of atoms in a compound?

    <p>It gives the compound its unique properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following alkali metals reacts explosively with water?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the system developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) for naming compounds?

    <p>IUPAC Naming System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix used to indicate the presence of a non-metal in a compound?

    <p>-ide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of assigning a unique name to each compound?

    <p>Nomenclature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name of the compound CO?

    <p>Carbon monoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule for naming compounds containing only non-metals?

    <p>The element further to the left on the Periodic Table is named first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the compound lithium fluoride?

    <p>LiF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the compounds containing a metal and a non-metal?

    <p>Ionic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name of the compound N₂O₄?

    <p>Dinitrogen tetroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the IUPAC Naming System?

    <p>To standardize the names of compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound?

    <p>Bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of representation that involves imagining or visualizing the particles that make up substances?

    <p>Submicroscopic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of representation that uses chemical symbols and formulae to represent substances and the changes they undergo during chemical reactions?

    <p>Symbolic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a process in which substances are transformed into different substances through the breaking and forming of bonds?

    <p>Chemical Reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that undergoes change during a chemical reaction?

    <p>Reactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that is formed as a result of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulae?

    <p>Chemical Equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of representation that involves observing substances and their changes with our senses?

    <p>Macroscopic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving between the three levels of representation to understand and describe chemical reactions?

    <p>Connecting the Levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that represents the reaction between hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) to form water (H₂O)?

    <p>2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chemical bonds in a compound?

    <p>To attract and bind atoms together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the subscript in a chemical formula?

    <p>It indicates the number of each type of atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of elements in the Periodic Table?

    <p>In order of increasing atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of metals in the Periodic Table?

    <p>They are shiny, ductile, malleable, and usually solids at room temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the chemical symbol in the Periodic Table?

    <p>To represent a unique abbreviation of the element's name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of non-metals in the Periodic Table?

    <p>They are usually gases at room temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of elements in the Periodic Table?

    <p>Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the atomic number in the Periodic Table?

    <p>It indicates the number of protons in an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of semi-metals in the Periodic Table?

    <p>They have properties of both metals and non-metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Periodic Table?

    <p>To organize elements in a systematic way based on their atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a coefficient in a chemical equation?

    <p>To indicate the number of molecules or atoms involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a subscript in a chemical formula?

    <p>To indicate the number of atoms of each element in a molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key component of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Reactants and products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a word equation?

    <p>To represent a chemical reaction using the names of reactants and products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a balanced equation?

    <p>To accurately represent the conservation of mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a picture equation?

    <p>To visually represent the reactants and products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of making a chemical equation accurate?

    <p>Balancing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rusting of iron?

    <p>Rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a chemical formula?

    <p>To represent a substance using symbols for its constituent elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the dulling or discoloration of metal due to a chemical reaction?

    <p>Tarnish</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reactant in the formation of rust?

    <p>Iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following environments accelerates the rusting process?

    <p>Moist environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of galvanization in protecting iron and steel from rust?

    <p>To create a protective barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rust formation on metal structures?

    <p>Degraded structural integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of protecting iron and steel from rust?

    <p>Applying a coating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of alloying in protecting iron and steel from rust?

    <p>To create a rust-resistant metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a corrosive environment?

    <p>Oceanfront</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of rust formation on the appearance of metal objects?

    <p>Degraded appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of preventing rust on iron and steel?

    <p>Applying a layer of chromium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of coatings in protecting iron and steel from rust?

    <p>To provide a protective barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the combustion reaction of iron?

    <p>Iron(III) oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of fine steel threads in the combustion reaction of iron?

    <p>To increase the surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the combustion reaction of magnesium?

    <p>It produces a bright white flame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reactant in the combustion reaction of magnesium?

    <p>Magnesium metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a balanced equation?

    <p>An equation where the number and type of atoms are the same on both sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the combustion reaction of magnesium?

    <p>Magnesium oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy release observed during the combustion reaction of magnesium?

    <p>Both heat and light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule for balancing chemical equations?

    <p>Change only the coefficients in front of chemical formulas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of magnesium powder in early camera flashes?

    <p>It was used to produce a brief burst of bright light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is combustion?

    <p>A type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the demonstration of burning iron in air?

    <p>To show the energy released during combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the representation of the reaction of magnesium with oxygen in chemical equation form?

    <p>2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the reaction of metals with oxygen?

    <p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when steel wool is spun and burned?

    <p>Orange sparks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chemical reaction expressed in words?

    <p>Word equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction of iron with oxygen called?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using steel wool in the demonstration of burning iron in air?

    <p>To provide a large surface area for combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when iron shavings are placed in the flame of a Bunsen burner?

    <p>Orange sparks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of burning a substance in air?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general word equation for the reaction of metals with oxygen?

    <p>metal + oxygen → metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?

    <p>2Mg + O2 → 2MgO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gradual destruction of materials, usually metals, by chemical reaction with their environment?

    <p>Corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for iron oxide?

    <p>Fe2O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general chemical equation for Group 2 metals reacting with oxygen?

    <p>2M + O2 → 2MO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the flaky, crusty, reddish-brown product that forms on iron when it reacts with oxygen in the air?

    <p>Rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical equation for the reaction of iron with oxygen?

    <p>4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the alloy made primarily of iron and carbon?

    <p>Steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the materials or coatings that prevent or slow down the formation of rust?

    <p>Rust-resistant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coating iron with chromium?

    <p>To prevent rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of zinc reacting with oxygen?

    <p>Zinc oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general word equation for the reaction of non-metals with oxygen?

    <p>Non-metal + oxygen → non-metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of galvanising iron with zinc?

    <p>To make it more resistant to corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of sulfur reacting with oxygen?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using galvanised products in construction?

    <p>To increase their durability and rust resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of moisture on the rusting process?

    <p>It accelerates the rusting process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of phosphorus reacting with oxygen?

    <p>Phosphorus pentoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of reaction that occurs when carbon burns in the presence of oxygen?

    <p>Combustion reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a compound formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Non-metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

    <p>Sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the combustion of sulfur not typically demonstrated in classrooms?

    <p>Because it produces a toxic gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the combustion of carbon?

    <p>It is a source of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of the combustion of carbon that has implications for global climate change?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

    <p>Combustion reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of reaction that occurs when sulfur burns in oxygen?

    <p>Combustion reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that can cause harm to living organisms?

    <p>Toxic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using sulfur dioxide in wine production?

    <p>To preserve the quality of the wine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound formed when phosphorus reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Phosphorus pentoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the systematic name of the compound H2O?

    <p>Dihydrogen monoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen?

    <p>Hydrogen + oxygen → water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of oxide where the non-metal is combined with two oxygen atoms?

    <p>Dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of sulfur dioxide in dried fruits?

    <p>To preserve the fruits by preventing bacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical equation for the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

    <p>S + O2 → SO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the toxicity of sulfur dioxide?

    <p>It is toxic and can cause respiratory problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

    <p>Carbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a molecule?

    <p>A cluster of atoms bonded together in a specific manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a formula unit?

    <p>The smallest repeating unit of a compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an element?

    <p>A substance made up of only one kind of atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a diatomic molecule?

    <p>A molecule made up of two atoms of the same element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is characteristic of the atoms in a compound?

    <p>They combine in a fixed ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of a water molecule?

    <p>Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a compound that forms a crystal lattice?

    <p>Sodium chloride (table salt)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives a compound its unique properties?

    <p>The ratio of atoms it is made of</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound?

    <p>Bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What level of representation involves imagining or visualizing the particles that make up substances?

    <p>Submicroscopic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do chemical formulas represent?

    <p>The composition of a compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the level of representation that uses chemical symbols and formulae to represent substances and the changes they undergo during chemical reactions?

    <p>Symbolic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Periodic Table?

    <p>To organize elements in order of increasing atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a substance that undergoes change during a chemical reaction?

    <p>Reactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the elements arranged in the Periodic Table?

    <p>In order of increasing atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the one or two-letter abbreviation of an element's name?

    <p>Chemical symbol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a process in which substances are transformed into different substances through the breaking and forming of bonds?

    <p>Chemical Reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the subscripts in a chemical formula indicate?

    <p>The number of each type of atom in a molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What level of representation can be observed with the naked eye?

    <p>Macroscopic Level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between metals, non-metals, and semi-metals?

    <p>Their properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a substance that is formed as a result of a chemical reaction?

    <p>Product</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation that represents the reaction between hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂) to form water (H₂O)?

    <p>2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the original version of the Periodic Table?

    <p>Dmitri Mendeleev</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulae?

    <p>Chemical Equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the vertical columns in the Periodic Table?

    <p>Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of chemical bonds in compounds?

    <p>To hold atoms together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a coefficient in a chemical equation?

    <p>To indicate the number of molecules or atoms involved in a reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three levels of representation that scientists use to understand and describe chemical reactions?

    <p>Macroscopic, Submicroscopic, and Symbolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a reactant and a product?

    <p>Reactants are present before the reaction, while products are formed as a result of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a compound?

    <p>A substance with a unique name and chemical formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a subscript in a chemical formula?

    <p>To indicate the number of atoms of an element in a molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a word equation?

    <p>A representation of a chemical reaction using the names of the reactants and products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation?

    <p>To accurately represent the conservation of mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of making a chemical equation balance?

    <p>Balancing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chemical formula that represents a substance?

    <p>Chemical formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of a metal reacting with oxygen to form an oxide?

    <p>Rusting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a picture equation?

    <p>To visually represent the reactants and products using submicroscopic diagrams</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the number of atoms of each element that is the same on both sides of a balanced equation?

    <p>Conservation of mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of alkali metals?

    <p>They are soft and have a dull-gray appearance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between lithium and water?

    <p>Lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the naming system used to standardize the names of compounds?

    <p>IUPAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule for naming compounds containing only non-metals?

    <p>The element further to the left on the Periodic Table is named first.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the formula CO₂?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the formula LiF?

    <p>Lithium fluoride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the formula FeS?

    <p>Iron sulfide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the suffix used to name compounds containing a non-metal?

    <p>-ide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prefix used to indicate the number of atoms in a compound?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compound with the formula N₂O₄?

    <p>Dinitrogen tetroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a balanced equation?

    <p>An equation where the number and type of atoms are the same on both the reactant and product sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation?

    <p>To ensure the number and type of atoms are the same on both the reactant and product sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is combustion?

    <p>A type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of changing coefficients in balancing a chemical equation?

    <p>To modify the numbers in front of chemical formulas to balance the equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rule for balancing chemical equations regarding subscripts?

    <p>Subscripts in chemical formulas must not be altered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of burning iron or steel wool in air?

    <p>The iron or steel wool combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of steel wool in demonstrations of combustion?

    <p>To provide a large surface area for combustion to occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when iron shavings are placed in a Bunsen burner flame?

    <p>The iron shavings burn with visible sparks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of spinning steel wool during combustion demonstrations?

    <p>To create interesting visual effects with orange sparks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the combustion reaction of iron?

    <p>Iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What increases the surface area for the combustion reaction of iron, making it more noticeable?

    <p>Fine steel threads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is released during the combustion reaction of iron?

    <p>Energy and light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the combustion reaction of magnesium?

    <p>Magnesium oxide (MgO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the device used to produce a brief burst of bright light to illuminate a subject in photography?

    <p>Camera flash</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

    <p>Peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common representation of the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?

    <p>Macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

    <p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the type of organism composed of many cells that specialize and work together?

    <p>Multicellular organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the demonstration of burning magnesium in air?

    <p>To show the combustion reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the substances that start a chemical reaction?

    <p>Reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general word equation for the reaction of metals with oxygen?

    <p>Metal + oxygen → metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coating iron with chromium?

    <p>To prevent rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the oxide of a Group 1 metal?

    <p>M2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the flaky, crusty, reddish-brown product that forms on iron when it reacts with oxygen in the air?

    <p>Rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between zinc and oxygen called?

    <p>Oxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of galvanising iron with zinc?

    <p>To prevent rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for iron oxide?

    <p>Fe2O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What accelerates rusting?

    <p>Moist or corrosive environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gradual destruction of materials, usually metals, by chemical reaction with their environment?

    <p>Corrosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general reaction between a non-metal and oxygen?

    <p>Non-metal + oxygen → non-metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the substances that can cause corrosion?

    <p>Corrosive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coefficients in a chemical equation?

    <p>To balance the equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the picture that represents the particles involved in a chemical reaction?

    <p>Picture equation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of galvanised products?

    <p>To provide corrosion resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general chemical equation for the reaction of Group 2 metals with oxygen?

    <p>2M + O2 → 2MO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

    <p>Sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

    <p>Phosphorus + oxygen → phosphorus pentoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

    <p>Combustion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of the combustion of sulfur?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the combustion of carbon significant?

    <p>It releases a significant amount of energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a compound formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Non-metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding the combustion of carbon?

    <p>It helps us appreciate both its benefits and its environmental impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reactant in the combustion of carbon?

    <p>Carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the combustion of carbon in power stations?

    <p>It generates electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a substance that can cause harm to living organisms?

    <p>Toxic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using sulfur dioxide as a preservative in dried fruits?

    <p>To prevent bacterial growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical equation for the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

    <p>4P + 5O2 → 2P2O5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the oxide formed when hydrogen reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Dihydrogen oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using sulfur dioxide in wine production?

    <p>To preserve the quality of the wine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of oxide formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Non-metal oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the oxide formed when carbon reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the toxic nature of sulfur dioxide?

    <p>It is highly toxic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the health risk associated with exposure to sulfur dioxide?

    <p>Respiratory problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the systematic name of the oxide formed when phosphorus reacts with oxygen?

    <p>Phosphorus pentoxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of rust?

    <p>Hydrated iron oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What accelerates the rusting process in coastal areas?

    <p>Saltwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is steel used in construction?

    <p>It is strong</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of galvanization?

    <p>To provide a protective barrier and sacrificial anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common problem with rust?

    <p>It is detrimental to the functionality and longevity of metal structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coatings in preventing rust?

    <p>To prevent moisture and oxygen from reaching the metal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of iron or steel coming into contact with oxygen?

    <p>Formation of iron oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chromium coating?

    <p>To provide a protective barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are materials like wood or aluminum preferred in corrosive environments?

    <p>They do not rust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of alloying in preventing rust?

    <p>To mix iron with other elements to create rust-resistant alloys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the measurement of acidity or basicity?

    <p>pH value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of equations are used to represent the reaction between non-metals and oxygen?

    <p>Word equations, picture equations, and chemical equations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using systematic names for non-metal oxides?

    <p>To ensure consistency and clarity in naming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of balancing chemical equations?

    <p>To reflect the conservation of mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of indicators in acid-base chemistry?

    <p>To show whether a solution is acidic or basic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to understand the reactions of non-metals with oxygen?

    <p>Because they provide insights into the behavior and properties of different elements and compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of acids that can be detected by touch?

    <p>They feel rough between your fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a base?

    <p>Bicarbonate of soda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

    <p>Salt and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range of strong acids?

    <p>pH 1-3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of metal oxides when dissolved in water?

    <p>pH &gt; 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the reaction between an acid and a base to form a neutral solution?

    <p>Neutralization reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

    <p>acid + metal oxide → salt + water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a universal indicator?

    <p>To measure the pH of a solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of a neutral substance?

    <p>pH 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide?

    <p>A salt and water are formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of acid rain on the environment?

    <p>It damages plant life and acidifies water sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of mixing an acid and a base?

    <p>The neutralization of the acid and base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal hydroxide?

    <p>acid + metal hydroxide → salt + water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of non-metal oxides when dissolved in water?

    <p>pH &lt; 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a substance?

    <p>pH scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a base?

    <p>acid + base → salt + water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Sodium chloride and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in writing a reaction equation?

    <p>Identify the reactants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of indicators in measuring pH?

    <p>To measure the pH of a solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between CO₂ and H₂O?

    <p>H₂CO₃</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

    <p>A salt, water, and carbon dioxide are formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of bases that can be detected by touch?

    <p>They feel slippery between your fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the safety precaution when handling common laboratory acids?

    <p>Wearing protective gear and handling them with care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

    <p>acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium oxide?

    <p>2HCl + MgO → MgCl₂ + H₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a metal carbonate?

    <p>Calcium carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

    <p>Tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced when calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid?

    <p>Calcium chloride and water and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of universal indicator paper in an acid-base reaction?

    <p>To measure the pH of the resulting solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when an acid reacts with a base?

    <p>A salt and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of a pharmacist?

    <p>Application of medications in healthcare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a pharmacist and a chemist?

    <p>Focus of work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do pharmacists typically work?

    <p>Pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key role of a pharmacist?

    <p>Dispensing medications to patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique aspect of a pharmacist's education?

    <p>Doctoral degree in pharmacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of shells of marine organisms?

    <p>Calcium carbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding agricultural lime to soil?

    <p>To neutralize acidic soil and provide calcium for plant growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium?

    <p>Magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a chemist?

    <p>To conduct research, develop new products, analyze substances, and study chemical reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic sound of hydrogen gas when exposed to a flame?

    <p>A characteristic 'pop' sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal?

    <p>Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the gas collection apparatus in the investigation of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium?

    <p>To collect the gas produced during the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of adding lime to soil to increase its pH and provide a source of calcium?

    <p>Liming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium in terms of chemical formula?

    <p>MgCl2 and H2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcium carbonate in construction?

    <p>As a building material</p> Signup and view all the answers

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