Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: June Exam Easy
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Questions and Answers

Where do the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place?

  • Stroma (correct)
  • Thylakoids
  • Grana
  • Chloroplasts

What is the primary function of chlorophyll in plant cells?

  • To store nutrients and waste products
  • To synthesize proteins
  • To capture light energy for photosynthesis (correct)
  • To convert carbon dioxide into glucose

What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

  • To store genetic information
  • To synthesize proteins
  • To convert solar energy into chemical energy (correct)
  • To regulate cell growth

What can occupy up to 90% of a plant cell's volume?

<p>Central vacuole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the solution found in the central vacuole of a plant cell?

<p>Cell sap (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?

<p>Protection and structural support (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

<p>Chloroplasts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the plant cell wall?

<p>Cellulose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of thylakoids in chloroplasts?

<p>Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms have cell walls made of cellulose?

<p>Only plants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chlorophyll in chloroplasts?

<p>Absorption of light energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between plant and animal cells?

<p>Presence of cell wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell wall?

<p>Cell signaling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of life in multicellular organisms?

<p>Cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the digestive system?

<p>To break down food into small particles that can be absorbed into the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

<p>Peristalsis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>To mix food with gastric juices and enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the long, twisting pipe-like structure that extends from the mouth to the anus?

<p>Alimentary Canal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

<p>To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the groups of organs that work together to perform complex functions?

<p>Organ System (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of observing cells under a microscope?

<p>Microscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of organism composed of many cells that specialize and work together?

<p>Multicellular Organism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main functions of vacuoles in plant cells?

<p>To store nutrients and waste products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of turgor pressure in plant cells?

<p>To support plant growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the shape of plant and animal cells?

<p>Plant cells are rectangular, while animal cells are flexible (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for breaking down waste materials in plant cells?

<p>Vacuoles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

<p>To allow communication between adjacent plant cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is found in animal cells but not typically in plant cells?

<p>Lysosomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vacuole in cell growth?

<p>To absorb water and expand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common function of peroxisomes in both plant and animal cells?

<p>To detoxify harmful substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of starch in plant cells?

<p>To store energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope uses visible light to illuminate specimens and lenses to magnify the image?

<p>Light Microscope (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a light microscope?

<p>To control the amount of light reaching the specimen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which cells specialize to perform distinct functions?

<p>Differentiation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell is capable of dividing and differentiating into various specialized cells?

<p>Stem Cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stage in a light microscope?

<p>To hold the slide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of staining in microscopic observation?

<p>To enhance the contrast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glycogen in animal cells?

<p>To store energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the coarse and fine focus knobs in a light microscope?

<p>To focus the image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope is suitable for viewing the ultrastructure of cells and tissues?

<p>Electron Microscope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

<p>To absorb water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth by eating or drinking?

<p>Ingestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease that gradually replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue?

<p>Liver Cirrhosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

<p>To transport blood throughout the body and deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscular organ that pumps blood through the body?

<p>Heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body?

<p>Arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of blood circulation between the heart and the lungs?

<p>Pulmonary circulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rectum in the digestive system?

<p>To store feces until they are expelled through the anus during the process of egestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of undigested or unwanted particles from the body as feces through the rectum and anus?

<p>Egestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight?

<p>Anorexia Nervosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the kidneys located in the human body?

<p>On either side of the ribcage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ureters?

<p>To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of filtering blood in the kidneys?

<p>Filtration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys?

<p>Glomerulonephritis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tube that connects the bladder to the exterior of the body?

<p>Urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of reabsorbing essential substances back into the bloodstream?

<p>Reabsorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the passage of urine from the bladder out of the body?

<p>Urination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition where the kidneys lose their ability to filter blood effectively?

<p>Kidney failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys?

<p>Kidney stones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the muscular walls of the ureters that propel urine downward?

<p>Peristalsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

<p>To transmit nerve impulses between different parts of the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is PKD?

<p>A genetic disorder characterized by numerous cysts in the kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory organs in the nervous system?

<p>To collect information from the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

<p>To oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central organ of the nervous system?

<p>Brain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spinal cord?

<p>To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when the force of blood against the artery walls is too high?

<p>Hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation?

<p>It increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the respiratory system?

<p>To exchange gases between the body and the environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of sending and receiving impulses in the nervous system?

<p>Synaptic transmission (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?

<p>To transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the trachea?

<p>To conduct air from the pharynx to the bronchi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the brain in the nervous system?

<p>To process sensory information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the gap between neurons?

<p>Synapse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

<p>Tuberculosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bronchi?

<p>To distribute air throughout the lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neurotransmitters?

<p>To transmit signals between neurons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes?

<p>Bronchitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveoli?

<p>To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the diaphragm in breathing?

<p>To contract and relax to change the volume of the thoracic cavity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the spinal cord in the nervous system?

<p>To transmit neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of regular hydration for the excretory system?

<p>To support the excretory system's health (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a heart attack?

<p>The affected heart muscle can be damaged or die (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the nervous system?

<p>To transmit nerve impulses between different parts of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways?

<p>Asthma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a stroke happens?

<p>The blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?

<p>To transmit neural signals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pharynx?

<p>To serve as a passageway for both air and food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment?

<p>Gaseous Exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the taste buds on the tongue?

<p>To detect different flavors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity?

<p>To detect airborne chemicals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the brain?

<p>To regulate body temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from damage to the brain or spinal cord?

<p>-paralysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a type of degenerative disorder that affects memory and cognition?

<p>Alzheimer's disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can impair the ability to process sensory information?

<p>Sensory organ problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause significant damage to the brain?

<p>Substance abuse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is important for appreciating how our bodies interact with the environment and maintain internal balance?

<p>Understanding the nervous system's structure and function (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of neurons in the nervous system?

<p>To transmit electrical impulses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sensory organs in the nervous system?

<p>To detect external stimuli and send information to the brain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

<p>To carry signals from one neuron to another (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of damage to the brain or spinal cord from accidents or injuries?

<p>Loss of function, such as paralysis or cognitive impairments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the excretory system?

<p>To remove metabolic waste products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of substance abuse on the nervous system?

<p>It can cause irreversible brain damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the central nervous system (CNS) in the nervous system?

<p>To process information and send out motor commands (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reflex arcs in the nervous system?

<p>To bypass the brain and directly connect sensory neurons to motor neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a stroke in the nervous system?

<p>Brain cells die due to lack of oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nervous system in maintaining overall health and well-being?

<p>It plays a vital role (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of starch in plant cells?

<p>To store energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between plant and animal cells in terms of energy storage?

<p>Plant cells store energy in the form of starch, while animal cells store energy in the form of glycogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of microscope is suitable for viewing live cells and tissues?

<p>Light Microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the eyepiece in a light microscope?

<p>To magnify the image of the specimen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cells specializing to perform distinct functions?

<p>Differentiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are capable of dividing and differentiating into various specialized cells?

<p>Stem Cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of staining in microscopic observation?

<p>To enhance contrast and allow for better visualization of structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glycogen in animal cells?

<p>To store energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the preparation method used for observing living organisms and aquatic samples?

<p>Wet Mount (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the diaphragm in a light microscope?

<p>To control the amount of light reaching the specimen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vacuoles in plant cells?

<p>To store nutrients, waste products, and other substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is typically found in animal cells but not in plant cells?

<p>Lysosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the shape of plant and animal cells?

<p>Plant cells have a fixed, rectangular shape, while animal cells have an irregular shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of turgor pressure in plant cells?

<p>To provide support and rigidity to the plant structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of plasmodesmata in plant cells?

<p>To allow communication and transport between adjacent plant cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of peroxisomes in both plant and animal cells?

<p>To detoxify harmful substances (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vacuole in cell growth?

<p>To absorb water and expand the cell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organelles is responsible for breaking down waste materials in plant cells?

<p>Vacuoles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of adult stem cells?

<p>To maintain and repair tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms?

<p>The number of cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hierarchy of organization in multicellular organisms?

<p>Cells, organs, tissues, systems, organism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the digestive system?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

<p>To move chewed food from the mouth to the stomach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>To mix food with gastric juices and enzymes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of observing cells under a microscope?

<p>Microscopy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the long, twisting pipe-like structure that extends from the mouth to the anus?

<p>Alimentary canal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

<p>To absorb nutrients into the bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

<p>Absorbing water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth by eating or drinking?

<p>Ingestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease that gradually replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue?

<p>Liver Cirrhosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?

<p>Pumping blood through the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues of the body?

<p>Arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of blood circulation between the heart and the lungs?

<p>Pulmonary Circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the rectum in the digestive system?

<p>Storing feces until they are expelled through the anus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

<p>To transport blood throughout the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the removal of undigested or unwanted particles from the body as feces through the rectum and anus?

<p>Egestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>To break down large food pieces into smaller particles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

<p>To transmit nerve impulses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does gaseous exchange occur in the human body?

<p>In the alveoli and body tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the brain?

<p>To process sensory information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes?

<p>Bronchitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the spinal cord?

<p>To transmit neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the malignant disease often caused by smoking, exposure to radon gas, asbestos, and severe air pollution?

<p>Lung Cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways?

<p>Asthma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs?

<p>Pneumonia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis?

<p>Tuberculosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

<p>To oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of oxygenated blood in systemic circulation?

<p>From the left ventricle to the aorta to the rest of the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a heart attack?

<p>The affected heart muscle can be damaged or die (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the respiratory system?

<p>To oxygenate the blood and remove carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?

<p>To facilitate the diffusion of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the diaphragm in the respiratory system?

<p>To change the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to flow in and out of the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a stroke?

<p>Brain cells begin to die within minutes, resulting in loss of function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pharynx in the respiratory system?

<p>To serve as a passageway for both air and food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the description of high blood pressure?

<p>A condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is too high (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of breathing or inhaling?

<p>Inhalation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the kidneys located in the body?

<p>On either side of the spine, just below the ribcage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the ureters?

<p>To transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the bladder?

<p>To store urine until it is excreted (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the kidneys filter waste from the blood?

<p>Filtration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the functional units of the kidneys?

<p>Nephrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of kidney failure?

<p>Chronic kidney disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for hard deposits of minerals and salts that form in the kidneys?

<p>Kidney stones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys?

<p>Glomerulonephritis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tube that connects the bladder to the exterior of the body?

<p>Urethra (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the collecting ducts in the kidneys?

<p>To funnel urine from the nephrons to the renal pelvis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of sensory organs in the nervous system?

<p>To detect external stimuli and send information to the brain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

<p>To regulate body functions to maintain homeostasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a reflex action?

<p>A rapid, involuntary response to stimuli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the excretory system?

<p>To remove waste products generated by the body's cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted?

<p>A stroke occurs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for disorders that cause progressive loss of neural function?

<p>Degenerative disorders (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

<p>To carry signals from the synapse to the next neuron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of motor neurons in the nervous system?

<p>To transmit motor commands to muscles and glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

<p>Osmosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the olfactory receptors in the nose?

<p>To detect airborne chemicals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of damage to the brain or spinal cord?

<p>Severe and often irreversible consequences, including paralysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the brain?

<p>To regulate body temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a stroke?

<p>Permanent damage and loss of function in parts of the body controlled by the affected brain area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the taste buds on the tongue?

<p>To detect different flavors of food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Progressive degeneration of the nervous system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of substance abuse on the brain?

<p>Significant damage to the brain, impairing cognitive functions, memory, learning, and emotional regulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of damage to sensory organs such as the eyes and ears?

<p>Impairment of the ability to process sensory information (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

<p>To transmit nerve impulses between different parts of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central organ of the nervous system?

<p>Brain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory organs in the nervous system?

<p>To collect information from the environment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of sending and receiving impulses in the nervous system?

<p>Neurotransmission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the kidneys in the excretory system?

<p>To filter waste from the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys?

<p>Polycystic Kidney Disease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the brain in the nervous system?

<p>To control various functions of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the brain through the spine?

<p>Spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?

<p>To transmit signals between the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the sensory organs in the ear?

<p>To detect sound waves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the scrotum?

<p>To regulate the temperature of the testes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which an ovary releases a mature egg?

<p>Ovulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body?

<p>Urethra (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside the uterus?

<p>Endometriosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a sperm cell from the male combines with an egg cell from the female?

<p>Fertilization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the release of semen, which contains sperm, from the penis?

<p>Ejaculation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the long, coiled tube located at the back of each testis?

<p>Epididymis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of puberty?

<p>To develop the reproductive organs and produce gametes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duct that transports mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra?

<p>Vas Deferens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which the lining of the uterus is shed through the vagina?

<p>Menstruation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

<p>Testosterone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for diseases that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact?

<p>Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pituitary gland in puberty?

<p>To release hormones that stimulate the gonads (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the scrotum?

<p>To regulate the temperature of the testes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased levels of oestrogen in females during puberty?

<p>A widening of the hips and development of a more rounded body shape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the male reproductive organ is responsible for transporting mature sperm to the urethra?

<p>Vas deferens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the onset of the menstrual cycle in females?

<p>Menstruation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the reproductive cells produced by males?

<p>Sperm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the foreskin?

<p>To cover the head of the penis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the ovaries in females?

<p>To produce ova (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the urethra?

<p>To transport urine and semen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical changes that differentiate males and females and are not directly involved in reproduction?

<p>Secondary sexual characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the vagina?

<p>To serve as a receptacle for the penis during sexual intercourse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the uterus?

<p>To house and nourish a fertilized egg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of puberty in males?

<p>The growth and maturity of the reproductive organs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the pituitary gland releases hormones that stimulate the gonads?

<p>Gonadal stimulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the ovaries?

<p>To produce female sex hormones and store eggs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Fallopian tubes?

<p>To transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the release of a mature egg from one of the ovaries?

<p>Ovulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the egg is not fertilized?

<p>The lining of the uterus is shed and expelled from the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the reproductive system?

<p>To ensure the continuation of the species through sexual reproduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

<p>To produce ova and release them during ovulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system?

<p>To connect the ovaries to the uterus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops during pregnancy?

<p>Uterus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the testes in the male reproductive system?

<p>To produce sperm cells and testosterone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vagina in the female reproductive system?

<p>To serve as the passage through which menstrual blood leaves the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the ovaries in the female reproductive system?

<p>In the lower abdomen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which a sperm cell combines with an egg cell to form a new individual?

<p>Fertilization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the moist surface of alveoli?

<p>To help gases dissolve and diffuse more rapidly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of capillaries in blood circulation?

<p>To connect arteries and veins, facilitating exchange of oxygen and nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of inefficient gaseous exchange?

<p>Severe health issues, such as asthma and emphysema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the left atrium in the heart?

<p>To receive oxygen-rich blood from the lungs and pump it into the left ventricle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of arteries, except pulmonary arteries?

<p>They carry oxygenated blood under high pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

<p>To combine oxygen with glucose to release energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of veins, except pulmonary veins?

<p>To carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of efficient gaseous exchange?

<p>To maintain the body's homeostasis, ensuring cellular respiration and waste removal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?

<p>Pulmonary veins to the left atrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the diaphragm during inhalation?

<p>To contract and flatten, moving downwards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does fertilization occur?

<p>In the outer part of the oviduct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of alcohol consumption during pregnancy?

<p>Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

<p>Peristalsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the placenta?

<p>To provide nutrients and oxygen to the embryo, while removing waste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse?

<p>Infertility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During exhalation, what happens to the rib cage?

<p>It moves downwards and inwards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of cell division and growth during which the embryo develops into a fetus?

<p>Gestation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the umbilical cord?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of nutrients and oxygen between the embryo and the placenta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the period of time during which the embryo develops into a fetus?

<p>Gestation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the heart in the respiratory system?

<p>To pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the alveoli in the lungs?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of gases between the air and the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation?

<p>It contracts and flattens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

<p>Diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the intercostal muscles during inhalation?

<p>To contract and expand the rib cage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the capillaries in the lungs?

<p>To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the bronchi and bronchioles in the lungs?

<p>To distribute air throughout the lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the diaphragm relaxing during exhalation?

<p>The thoracic volume decreases and air is drawn into the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the oxygen in the blood?

<p>To provide energy for the body's cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the haemoglobin molecules in the blood?

<p>To bind oxygen and transport it to the body's cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the right ventricle in the circulatory system?

<p>To pump deoxygenated blood to the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indicator of fitness in the circulatory system?

<p>Lower resting heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of proteins in the diet?

<p>To build and repair body cells and tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a healthy source of fat?

<p>Olive oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vitamin C in the body?

<p>To keep skin and gums healthy and boost the immune system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of minerals in the diet?

<p>Fruits and vegetables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the lungs in the circulatory system?

<p>To facilitate the exchange of gases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

<p>To supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove carbon dioxide and waste products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of carbohydrates in the diet?

<p>To provide energy for the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibre in the diet?

<p>To aid in digestion and prevent constipation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of fibre in the human body?

<p>To maintain regular bowel movements and prevent constipation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>To continue the process of mechanical digestion through muscular contractions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving food through the alimentary canal?

<p>Peristalsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

<p>To absorb nutrients from food into the bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of table salt?

<p>Sodium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and transported to the body's cells?

<p>Digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of water in the human body?

<p>To facilitate chemical reactions in cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach?

<p>Oesophagus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

<p>To absorb water and salts from the remaining indigestible food matter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth by eating or drinking?

<p>Ingestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the reproductive system?

<p>to ensure the continuation of the species through sexual reproduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ovaries in the female reproductive system?

<p>to produce ova and release them during ovulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for fertilization?

<p>fallopian tubes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the testes in the male reproductive system?

<p>to produce sperm cells and testosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus?

<p>uterus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the vagina in the female reproductive system?

<p>to serve as the passage through which menstrual blood leaves the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What connects the ovaries to the uterus in the female reproductive system?

<p>fallopian tubes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of estrogen and progesterone in the female reproductive system?

<p>to regulate the menstrual cycle and pregnancy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of puberty?

<p>To develop the reproductive organs and produce gametes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?

<p>Testosterone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ovaries in females during puberty?

<p>To produce oestrogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the pituitary gland in initiating puberty?

<p>To release hormones that stimulate the gonads (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the testes in males?

<p>To produce testosterone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased oestrogen levels in females during puberty?

<p>Widening of the hips and development of a more rounded body shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the scrotum in males?

<p>To regulate body temperature for sperm production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the onset of menstruation in females?

<p>Menstruation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hormones during puberty?

<p>To initiate puberty by stimulating the gonads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the physical changes that occur during puberty?

<p>Secondary sexual characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the scrotum in the male reproductive system?

<p>To regulate temperature for sperm production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during ovulation in the female reproductive system?

<p>A mature egg is released from the ovary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the vas deferens in the male reproductive system?

<p>To transport mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of fertilization in the reproductive system?

<p>A sperm cell combines with an egg cell to form a zygote (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

<p>To store and mature sperm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of infertility in both males and females?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a serious health consequence of untreated sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the urethra in the male reproductive system?

<p>To transport semen during ejaculation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus?

<p>Endometriosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the prostate gland in the male reproductive system?

<p>To produce fluids that make up semen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the scrotum?

<p>To regulate the temperature of the testes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the sperm duct, or vas deferens?

<p>To transport mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the urethra?

<p>To carry both urine and semen, but not at the same time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the vagina?

<p>To serve as a receptacle for the penis during sexual intercourse, a pathway for menstrual blood to leave the body, and a birth canal during childbirth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to oxygen in the alveoli during inhalation?

<p>It diffuses from the alveoli into the blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the uterus?

<p>To house and nourish a fertilized egg until it develops into a fetus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the intercostal muscles during inhalation?

<p>They contract and expand the rib cage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ovaries?

<p>To produce female sex hormones and store and release eggs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the oviducts, or Fallopian tubes?

<p>To connect the ovaries to the uterus and allow the egg to travel through (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

<p>Diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bronchi and bronchioles?

<p>To distribute air throughout the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of the reproductive cycle when the uterine lining sheds and is expelled from the body?

<p>Menstruation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of the reproductive cycle when a mature egg is released from the ovary?

<p>Ovulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that surrounds each alveolus?

<p>A dense network of capillaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the uterine lining thickening during the reproductive cycle?

<p>To prepare for potential pregnancy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to carbon dioxide during exhalation?

<p>It is expelled from the lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the diaphragm during inhalation?

<p>It contracts and flattens, creating a vacuum that pulls air into the lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood?

<p>Gaseous exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the heart in the respiratory system?

<p>To pump oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the adaptation that increases the surface area for gaseous exchange in the lungs?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a sperm successfully penetrating the egg?

<p>The egg's surface changes to prevent additional sperm from entering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does a human pregnancy typically last?

<p>40 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse called?

<p>Infertility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the condition resulting from alcohol consumption during pregnancy?

<p>Foetal Alcohol Syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During inhalation, what happens to the rib cage and diaphragm?

<p>The rib cage moves upwards and outwards, and the diaphragm contracts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathway of air during inhalation?

<p>Mouth and nose, then pharynx and larynx, then trachea, then bronchi, then lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the placenta in the embryo's development?

<p>To provide nutrients and oxygen to the embryo, and remove waste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of the uterus contracting to push the fetus's head into the vagina during birth?

<p>Labor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure that connects the embryo to the placenta, facilitating the exchange of substances?

<p>Umbilical cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of gas exchange in the lungs?

<p>Alveoli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of gaseous exchange in the body?

<p>To supply cells with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of problems with gaseous exchange?

<p>Severe health issues such as asthma and emphysema (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct pathway of blood circulation from the lungs to the heart?

<p>Pulmonary veins → left atrium → left ventricle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of capillaries in the circulatory system?

<p>To connect arteries and veins, facilitating gas exchange (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the by-product of cellular respiration in the mitochondria?

<p>Carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of arteries?

<p>Strong, muscular walls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of veins in the circulatory system?

<p>To transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of breaking down waste materials in cells?

<p>Phagocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the heart in the circulatory system?

<p>To pump blood throughout the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of supplying cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide?

<p>Gaseous exchange (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibre in the digestive system?

<p>To help maintain regular bowel movements and prevent constipation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of water in the human body?

<p>More than 50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

<p>Right Ventricle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indicator of better cardiovascular fitness?

<p>Lower resting heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process that involves the physical breakdown of food?

<p>Mechanical digestion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary energy source for the body?

<p>Carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the alimentary canal?

<p>To facilitate the digestion and absorption of food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of food through the alimentary canal?

<p>Peristalsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a healthy fat source?

<p>Sardines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

<p>To facilitate the digestion and absorption of nutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vitamin D in the body?

<p>Builds strong bones and teeth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of identifying the types of food molecules present in different foods?

<p>Testing food (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral is essential for strong bones and teeth?

<p>Calcium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

<p>To supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove carbon dioxide and waste products (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the health issues directly related to diet?

<p>Health problems related to diet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

<p>To continue the process of mechanical digestion through muscular contractions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of efficient circulation and respiration?

<p>Maintaining homeostasis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of a healthy diet?

<p>Foods from all seven essential groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of taking food into the body through the mouth?

<p>Ingestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of fibre in the diet?

<p>Is a non-digestible carbohydrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are compounds made up of?

<p>Two or more different kinds of atoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecule?

<p>A cluster of atoms bonded together in a specific manner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a formula unit?

<p>The smallest repeating unit of a crystal lattice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an element?

<p>A substance made up of only one kind of atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a diatomic molecule?

<p>A molecule with two atoms of the same element bonded together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the atoms in a compound?

<p>They are combined in a fixed ratio (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between water and hydrogen peroxide?

<p>Water has a fixed ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms to 1 oxygen atom, while hydrogen peroxide has a fixed ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms to 2 oxygen atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the fixed ratio of atoms in a compound?

<p>It gives the compound its unique properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following alkali metals reacts explosively with water?

<p>Potassium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the system developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) for naming compounds?

<p>IUPAC Naming System (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suffix used to indicate the presence of a non-metal in a compound?

<p>-ide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of assigning a unique name to each compound?

<p>Nomenclature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name of the compound CO?

<p>Carbon monoxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for naming compounds containing only non-metals?

<p>The element further to the left on the Periodic Table is named first (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct formula for the compound lithium fluoride?

<p>LiF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the compounds containing a metal and a non-metal?

<p>Ionic compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name of the compound Nâ‚‚Oâ‚„?

<p>Dinitrogen tetroxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the IUPAC Naming System?

<p>To standardize the names of compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the force that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound?

<p>Bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of representation that involves imagining or visualizing the particles that make up substances?

<p>Submicroscopic Level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of representation that uses chemical symbols and formulae to represent substances and the changes they undergo during chemical reactions?

<p>Symbolic Level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a process in which substances are transformed into different substances through the breaking and forming of bonds?

<p>Chemical Reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that undergoes change during a chemical reaction?

<p>Reactant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that is formed as a result of a chemical reaction?

<p>Product (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulae?

<p>Chemical Equation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of representation that involves observing substances and their changes with our senses?

<p>Macroscopic Level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving between the three levels of representation to understand and describe chemical reactions?

<p>Connecting the Levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation that represents the reaction between hydrogen (Hâ‚‚) and oxygen (Oâ‚‚) to form water (Hâ‚‚O)?

<p>2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chemical bonds in a compound?

<p>To attract and bind atoms together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the subscript in a chemical formula?

<p>It indicates the number of each type of atom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of elements in the Periodic Table?

<p>In order of increasing atomic number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of metals in the Periodic Table?

<p>They are shiny, ductile, malleable, and usually solids at room temperature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the chemical symbol in the Periodic Table?

<p>To represent a unique abbreviation of the element's name (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of non-metals in the Periodic Table?

<p>They are usually gases at room temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of elements in the Periodic Table?

<p>Groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the atomic number in the Periodic Table?

<p>It indicates the number of protons in an atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of semi-metals in the Periodic Table?

<p>They have properties of both metals and non-metals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Periodic Table?

<p>To organize elements in a systematic way based on their atomic number (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a coefficient in a chemical equation?

<p>To indicate the number of molecules or atoms involved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a subscript in a chemical formula?

<p>To indicate the number of atoms of each element in a molecule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key component of a chemical reaction?

<p>Reactants and products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a word equation?

<p>To represent a chemical reaction using the names of reactants and products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a balanced equation?

<p>To accurately represent the conservation of mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a picture equation?

<p>To visually represent the reactants and products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of making a chemical equation accurate?

<p>Balancing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the rusting of iron?

<p>Rust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a chemical formula?

<p>To represent a substance using symbols for its constituent elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the dulling or discoloration of metal due to a chemical reaction?

<p>Tarnish (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reactant in the formation of rust?

<p>Iron (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following environments accelerates the rusting process?

<p>Moist environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of galvanization in protecting iron and steel from rust?

<p>To create a protective barrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rust formation on metal structures?

<p>Degraded structural integrity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of protecting iron and steel from rust?

<p>Applying a coating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of alloying in protecting iron and steel from rust?

<p>To create a rust-resistant metal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a corrosive environment?

<p>Oceanfront (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rust formation on the appearance of metal objects?

<p>Degraded appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a method of preventing rust on iron and steel?

<p>Applying a layer of chromium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of coatings in protecting iron and steel from rust?

<p>To provide a protective barrier (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the combustion reaction of iron?

<p>Iron(III) oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fine steel threads in the combustion reaction of iron?

<p>To increase the surface area (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the combustion reaction of magnesium?

<p>It produces a bright white flame (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reactant in the combustion reaction of magnesium?

<p>Magnesium metal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a balanced equation?

<p>An equation where the number and type of atoms are the same on both sides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the combustion reaction of magnesium?

<p>Magnesium oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy release observed during the combustion reaction of magnesium?

<p>Both heat and light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for balancing chemical equations?

<p>Change only the coefficients in front of chemical formulas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of magnesium powder in early camera flashes?

<p>It was used to produce a brief burst of bright light (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is combustion?

<p>A type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the demonstration of burning iron in air?

<p>To show the energy released during combustion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the representation of the reaction of magnesium with oxygen in chemical equation form?

<p>2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reaction of metals with oxygen?

<p>Oxidation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed when steel wool is spun and burned?

<p>Orange sparks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a chemical reaction expressed in words?

<p>Word equation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction of iron with oxygen called?

<p>Combustion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat?

<p>Combustion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using steel wool in the demonstration of burning iron in air?

<p>To provide a large surface area for combustion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed when iron shavings are placed in the flame of a Bunsen burner?

<p>Orange sparks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of burning a substance in air?

<p>Combustion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general word equation for the reaction of metals with oxygen?

<p>metal + oxygen → metal oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?

<p>2Mg + O2 → 2MgO (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the gradual destruction of materials, usually metals, by chemical reaction with their environment?

<p>Corrosion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for iron oxide?

<p>Fe2O3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general chemical equation for Group 2 metals reacting with oxygen?

<p>2M + O2 → 2MO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the flaky, crusty, reddish-brown product that forms on iron when it reacts with oxygen in the air?

<p>Rust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

<p>Peristalsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for the reaction of iron with oxygen?

<p>4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the alloy made primarily of iron and carbon?

<p>Steel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the materials or coatings that prevent or slow down the formation of rust?

<p>Rust-resistant (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coating iron with chromium?

<p>To prevent rust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of zinc reacting with oxygen?

<p>Zinc oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general word equation for the reaction of non-metals with oxygen?

<p>Non-metal + oxygen → non-metal oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

<p>Carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

<p>Combustion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of galvanising iron with zinc?

<p>To make it more resistant to corrosion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of sulfur reacting with oxygen?

<p>Sulfur dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using galvanised products in construction?

<p>To increase their durability and rust resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of moisture on the rusting process?

<p>It accelerates the rusting process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of phosphorus reacting with oxygen?

<p>Phosphorus pentoxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

<p>Carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of reaction that occurs when carbon burns in the presence of oxygen?

<p>Combustion reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen?

<p>Non-metal oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

<p>Sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the combustion of sulfur not typically demonstrated in classrooms?

<p>Because it produces a toxic gas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the combustion of carbon?

<p>It is a source of energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the combustion of carbon that has implications for global climate change?

<p>Carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

<p>Combustion reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of reaction that occurs when sulfur burns in oxygen?

<p>Combustion reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that can cause harm to living organisms?

<p>Toxic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

<p>Sulfur dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using sulfur dioxide in wine production?

<p>To preserve the quality of the wine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the compound formed when phosphorus reacts with oxygen?

<p>Phosphorus pentoxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the systematic name of the compound H2O?

<p>Dihydrogen monoxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen?

<p>Hydrogen + oxygen → water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of oxide where the non-metal is combined with two oxygen atoms?

<p>Dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sulfur dioxide in dried fruits?

<p>To preserve the fruits by preventing bacterial growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

<p>S + O2 → SO2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the toxicity of sulfur dioxide?

<p>It is toxic and can cause respiratory problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

<p>Carbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecule?

<p>A cluster of atoms bonded together in a specific manner (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a formula unit?

<p>The smallest repeating unit of a compound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an element?

<p>A substance made up of only one kind of atom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a diatomic molecule?

<p>A molecule made up of two atoms of the same element (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic of the atoms in a compound?

<p>They combine in a fixed ratio (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of a water molecule?

<p>Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a compound that forms a crystal lattice?

<p>Sodium chloride (table salt) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What gives a compound its unique properties?

<p>The ratio of atoms it is made of (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the force that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound?

<p>Bond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of representation involves imagining or visualizing the particles that make up substances?

<p>Submicroscopic Level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do chemical formulas represent?

<p>The composition of a compound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of representation that uses chemical symbols and formulae to represent substances and the changes they undergo during chemical reactions?

<p>Symbolic Level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Periodic Table?

<p>To organize elements in order of increasing atomic number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a substance that undergoes change during a chemical reaction?

<p>Reactant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the elements arranged in the Periodic Table?

<p>In order of increasing atomic number (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the one or two-letter abbreviation of an element's name?

<p>Chemical symbol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a process in which substances are transformed into different substances through the breaking and forming of bonds?

<p>Chemical Reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the subscripts in a chemical formula indicate?

<p>The number of each type of atom in a molecule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What level of representation can be observed with the naked eye?

<p>Macroscopic Level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between metals, non-metals, and semi-metals?

<p>Their properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a substance that is formed as a result of a chemical reaction?

<p>Product (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation that represents the reaction between hydrogen (Hâ‚‚) and oxygen (Oâ‚‚) to form water (Hâ‚‚O)?

<p>2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the original version of the Periodic Table?

<p>Dmitri Mendeleev (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction using chemical formulae?

<p>Chemical Equation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the vertical columns in the Periodic Table?

<p>Groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chemical bonds in compounds?

<p>To hold atoms together (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a coefficient in a chemical equation?

<p>To indicate the number of molecules or atoms involved in a reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three levels of representation that scientists use to understand and describe chemical reactions?

<p>Macroscopic, Submicroscopic, and Symbolic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a reactant and a product?

<p>Reactants are present before the reaction, while products are formed as a result of the reaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a compound?

<p>A substance with a unique name and chemical formula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a subscript in a chemical formula?

<p>To indicate the number of atoms of an element in a molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a word equation?

<p>A representation of a chemical reaction using the names of the reactants and products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation?

<p>To accurately represent the conservation of mass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of making a chemical equation balance?

<p>Balancing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a chemical formula that represents a substance?

<p>Chemical formula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of a metal reacting with oxygen to form an oxide?

<p>Rusting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a picture equation?

<p>To visually represent the reactants and products using submicroscopic diagrams (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of atoms of each element that is the same on both sides of a balanced equation?

<p>Conservation of mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of alkali metals?

<p>They are soft and have a dull-gray appearance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between lithium and water?

<p>Lithium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the naming system used to standardize the names of compounds?

<p>IUPAC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for naming compounds containing only non-metals?

<p>The element further to the left on the Periodic Table is named first. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the compound with the formula COâ‚‚?

<p>Carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the compound with the formula LiF?

<p>Lithium fluoride (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the compound with the formula FeS?

<p>Iron sulfide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suffix used to name compounds containing a non-metal?

<p>-ide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prefix used to indicate the number of atoms in a compound?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the compound with the formula Nâ‚‚Oâ‚„?

<p>Dinitrogen tetroxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a balanced equation?

<p>An equation where the number and type of atoms are the same on both the reactant and product sides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of balancing a chemical equation?

<p>To ensure the number and type of atoms are the same on both the reactant and product sides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is combustion?

<p>A type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of changing coefficients in balancing a chemical equation?

<p>To modify the numbers in front of chemical formulas to balance the equation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule for balancing chemical equations regarding subscripts?

<p>Subscripts in chemical formulas must not be altered (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of burning iron or steel wool in air?

<p>The iron or steel wool combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of light and heat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of steel wool in demonstrations of combustion?

<p>To provide a large surface area for combustion to occur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is observed when iron shavings are placed in a Bunsen burner flame?

<p>The iron shavings burn with visible sparks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a type of chemical reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy?

<p>Combustion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of spinning steel wool during combustion demonstrations?

<p>To create interesting visual effects with orange sparks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the combustion reaction of iron?

<p>Iron(III) oxide (Fe₂O₃) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What increases the surface area for the combustion reaction of iron, making it more noticeable?

<p>Fine steel threads (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is released during the combustion reaction of iron?

<p>Energy and light (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the combustion reaction of magnesium?

<p>Magnesium oxide (MgO) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the device used to produce a brief burst of bright light to illuminate a subject in photography?

<p>Camera flash (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of moving food from the mouth to the stomach through muscular contractions?

<p>Peristalsis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common representation of the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?

<p>Macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the type of organism composed of many cells that specialize and work together?

<p>Multicellular organism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the demonstration of burning magnesium in air?

<p>To show the combustion reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the substances that start a chemical reaction?

<p>Reactants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general word equation for the reaction of metals with oxygen?

<p>Metal + oxygen → metal oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coating iron with chromium?

<p>To prevent rust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the oxide of a Group 1 metal?

<p>M2O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the flaky, crusty, reddish-brown product that forms on iron when it reacts with oxygen in the air?

<p>Rust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between zinc and oxygen called?

<p>Oxidation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of galvanising iron with zinc?

<p>To prevent rust (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for iron oxide?

<p>Fe2O3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What accelerates rusting?

<p>Moist or corrosive environments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the gradual destruction of materials, usually metals, by chemical reaction with their environment?

<p>Corrosion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general reaction between a non-metal and oxygen?

<p>Non-metal + oxygen → non-metal oxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the substances that can cause corrosion?

<p>Corrosive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coefficients in a chemical equation?

<p>To balance the equation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

<p>Carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the picture that represents the particles involved in a chemical reaction?

<p>Picture equation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

<p>Combustion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of galvanised products?

<p>To provide corrosion resistance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general chemical equation for the reaction of Group 2 metals with oxygen?

<p>2M + O2 → 2MO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

<p>Sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

<p>Phosphorus + oxygen → phosphorus pentoxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between carbon and oxygen?

<p>Carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a chemical reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light?

<p>Combustion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the byproduct of the combustion of sulfur?

<p>Sulfur dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the combustion of carbon significant?

<p>It releases a significant amount of energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a compound formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen?

<p>Non-metal oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding the combustion of carbon?

<p>It helps us appreciate both its benefits and its environmental impact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reactant in the combustion of carbon?

<p>Carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the combustion of carbon in power stations?

<p>It generates electricity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

<p>Sulfur dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that can cause harm to living organisms?

<p>Toxic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between sulfur and oxygen?

<p>Sulfur dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using sulfur dioxide as a preservative in dried fruits?

<p>To prevent bacterial growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical equation for the reaction between phosphorus and oxygen?

<p>4P + 5O2 → 2P2O5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the oxide formed when hydrogen reacts with oxygen?

<p>Dihydrogen oxide (A), Water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using sulfur dioxide in wine production?

<p>To preserve the quality of the wine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of oxide formed when a non-metal reacts with oxygen?

<p>Non-metal oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the oxide formed when carbon reacts with oxygen?

<p>Carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the toxic nature of sulfur dioxide?

<p>It is highly toxic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the health risk associated with exposure to sulfur dioxide?

<p>Respiratory problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the systematic name of the oxide formed when phosphorus reacts with oxygen?

<p>Phosphorus pentoxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of rust?

<p>Hydrated iron oxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What accelerates the rusting process in coastal areas?

<p>Saltwater (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is steel used in construction?

<p>It is strong (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of galvanization?

<p>To provide a protective barrier and sacrificial anode (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common problem with rust?

<p>It is detrimental to the functionality and longevity of metal structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of coatings in preventing rust?

<p>To prevent moisture and oxygen from reaching the metal surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of iron or steel coming into contact with oxygen?

<p>Formation of iron oxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of chromium coating?

<p>To provide a protective barrier (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are materials like wood or aluminum preferred in corrosive environments?

<p>They do not rust (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of alloying in preventing rust?

<p>To mix iron with other elements to create rust-resistant alloys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the measurement of acidity or basicity?

<p>pH value (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of equations are used to represent the reaction between non-metals and oxygen?

<p>Word equations, picture equations, and chemical equations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using systematic names for non-metal oxides?

<p>To ensure consistency and clarity in naming (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of balancing chemical equations?

<p>To reflect the conservation of mass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of indicators in acid-base chemistry?

<p>To show whether a solution is acidic or basic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand the reactions of non-metals with oxygen?

<p>Because they provide insights into the behavior and properties of different elements and compounds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of acids that can be detected by touch?

<p>They feel rough between your fingers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a base?

<p>Bicarbonate of soda (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

<p>Salt and water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of strong acids?

<p>pH 1-3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of metal oxides when dissolved in water?

<p>pH &gt; 7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the reaction between an acid and a base to form a neutral solution?

<p>Neutralization reaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal oxide?

<p>acid + metal oxide → salt + water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a universal indicator?

<p>To measure the pH of a solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a neutral substance?

<p>pH 7 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide?

<p>A salt and water are formed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of acid rain on the environment?

<p>It damages plant life and acidifies water sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of mixing an acid and a base?

<p>The neutralization of the acid and base (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal hydroxide?

<p>acid + metal hydroxide → salt + water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of non-metal oxides when dissolved in water?

<p>pH &lt; 7 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the scale that measures the acidity or basicity of a substance?

<p>pH scale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a base?

<p>acid + base → salt + water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?

<p>Sodium chloride and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in writing a reaction equation?

<p>Identify the reactants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of indicators in measuring pH?

<p>To measure the pH of a solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between COâ‚‚ and Hâ‚‚O?

<p>H₂CO₃ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?

<p>A salt, water, and carbon dioxide are formed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of bases that can be detected by touch?

<p>They feel slippery between your fingers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the safety precaution when handling common laboratory acids?

<p>Wearing protective gear and handling them with care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate?

<p>acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium oxide?

<p>2HCl + MgO → MgCl₂ + H₂O (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a metal carbonate?

<p>Calcium carbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the grouping of similar cells working together to perform a specific function?

<p>Tissue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced when calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid?

<p>Calcium chloride and water and carbon dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of universal indicator paper in an acid-base reaction?

<p>To measure the pH of the resulting solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when an acid reacts with a base?

<p>A salt and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of a pharmacist?

<p>Application of medications in healthcare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a pharmacist and a chemist?

<p>Focus of work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do pharmacists typically work?

<p>Pharmacies, hospitals, and clinics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key role of a pharmacist?

<p>Dispensing medications to patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique aspect of a pharmacist's education?

<p>Doctoral degree in pharmacy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of shells of marine organisms?

<p>Calcium carbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding agricultural lime to soil?

<p>To neutralize acidic soil and provide calcium for plant growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium?

<p>Magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a chemist?

<p>To conduct research, develop new products, analyze substances, and study chemical reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic sound of hydrogen gas when exposed to a flame?

<p>A characteristic 'pop' sound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid and a metal?

<p>Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen gas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the gas collection apparatus in the investigation of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium?

<p>To collect the gas produced during the reaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of adding lime to soil to increase its pH and provide a source of calcium?

<p>Liming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium in terms of chemical formula?

<p>MgCl2 and H2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of calcium carbonate in construction?

<p>As a building material (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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