Biology: Cell Structure and DNA

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the nucleus in a cell?

  • To store food and energy
  • To synthesize proteins
  • To protect the cell from external damage
  • To control all activities of the cell (correct)

What is the full form of DNA?

  • Deoxyribonucleic Acid (correct)
  • Dioxyribonucleic Acid
  • Deoxyribonucleic Acids
  • Deoxyribonucleic

What is the term for the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring?

  • Inheritance
  • Genetics
  • Heredity (correct)
  • Species

What is the study of structure and behavior of genes known as?

<p>Genetics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the number of chromosomes when gametes are formed in animals?

<p>It is reduced to half (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of genes in a cell?

<p>To act as instructions to make proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are genes located in a cell?

<p>On the chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is DNA called hereditary material?

<p>Because it contains a complete set of instructions for developing a new cell or organism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of chromosomes having the same number for a species?

<p>It helps to maintain the characteristics of the species (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are chromosomes composed of?

<p>A combination of proteins and DNA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Cell Structure

  • Nucleus is the control center of the cell, responsible for all cellular activities.

Chromosomes

  • Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of the cell and consist of proteins and DNA.
  • The number of chromosomes in the cells of a species remains the same, but is reduced to half in gametes (sperms or eggs) or spores.

DNA

  • DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
  • DNA is the hereditary material that contains the complete set of instructions for developing a new cell or organism.

Heredity and Genetics

  • Heredity refers to the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
  • Genetics is the science of heredity, studying the structure and behavior of genes.

Cell Structure and Function

  • The nucleus is the control center of the cell, responsible for governing all cellular activities.
  • Chromosomes are found in the nucleus and consist of proteins and DNA.

DNA and Chromosomes

  • DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the hereditary material containing a complete set of instructions for developing a new cell or organism.
  • Chromosomes contain genes, which act as instructions to make proteins.
  • The number of chromosomes in cells of the same species remains constant.
  • However, during gamete formation (sperm or egg cells in animals, spores in plants), the number of chromosomes is halved.

Heredity and Genetics

  • Heredity refers to the transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
  • Genetics is the science that studies heredity, focusing on the structure and behavior of genes.
  • Genes are the basic physical and functional units of heredity, located on chromosomes.

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