Biology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What does the Greek word 'Bios' mean?

Environment

Study

Organism

Life (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a type of biologist?

Ecologist

Physiologist

Microbiologist

Chemist (correct)

What is the purpose of a Fume Hood?

To wash the eyes

To handle biological samples

To protect the skin

To avoid breathing in hazardous gases (correct)

What is the purpose of a Laminar Flow Cabinet?

To provide a flow of filtered air for a clean work area Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Biological Safety Cabinet?

To provide an enclosed work space to study materials contaminated by pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What type of substances have pH values between 5-9?

Harmless low concentration liquids and solutions Signup and view all the answers

What type of waste includes syringes, needles, and glass?

Sharp wastes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Lab Gloves?

To protect the skin and clothes from dangerous chemical splashes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Eye Wash Station?

To wash the eyes when exposed to chemicals or hazardous substances Signup and view all the answers

What should you do first in case of a fire in the laboratory?

Stop work immediately and switch off all nearby power sources Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Face Mask?

To protect against smoke, vapour and dust that may affect the respiratory system Signup and view all the answers

What should you do with dissected biological specimens?

Bury or freeze them Signup and view all the answers

Why should you wash your hands with antiseptic detergent?

To prevent the spread of infection Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you break a piece of glassware in the laboratory?

Report the incident to your teacher Signup and view all the answers

What should you do in case of an emergency in the laboratory?

Inform your teacher Signup and view all the answers

What should you do before handling biological specimens?

Use appropriate gloves Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when leaving the laboratory?

Clean and disinfect your workstation Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if someone is injured in the laboratory?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to animal carcases, organs, and tissues?

Wrapped carefully in absorbent material Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to prevent the chemical spill from spreading?

Prevent the chemical spill from spreading using sand Signup and view all the answers

What should be worn in the laboratory to ensure safety?

Lab coat, gloves, safety shoes, and goggles Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to petri dishes and culture containers?

Packed in autoclave biohazard plastic bags Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in handling a chemical spill?

Inform your teacher Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to liquids such as broth culture and blood?

Decontaminated in an autoclave Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to clean your workstation?

Clean your workstation using disinfectant Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided in the laboratory?

Working alone in the lab without supervision Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a graph?

To show the relationship between variables Signup and view all the answers

What type of graph is used to compare two or more items at a time?

Bar chart Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a histogram?

To show the distribution of data Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the sagittal plane in the body?

Divides the body into left and right parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a biological drawing?

Line drawn must be clear, clean and continuous Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the longitudinal section?

Divides the structure into anterior and posterior parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the seventh step in the scientific method?

Forming a conclusion Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to keep flammable substances away from fire sources?

To prevent accidents Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of labelling in biological drawings?

To identify the parts of the structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the dorsal region in the body?

Towards the upper parts of the body Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Biology and Laboratory Rules

Biology is the detailed study of living things in the natural environment, encompassing structure, function, relationships, and interactions between organisms and their environment.

Branches of Biology

Botany: the study of plant life
Physiology: the study of the function and mechanisms in organisms
Genetics: the study of inheritance and genetic variation
Microbiology: the study of microorganisms
Ecology: the study of interactions between organisms and their environment

Laboratory Rules and Safety Measures

Emergency equipment: shower station, eye wash station, fume hood, laminar flow cabinet, biological safety cabinet
Personal protective equipment: goggles, face mask, lab gloves, lab coat, handwash, lab shoes
Harmful substances: chemicals with pH values between 5-9, organic solvents, substances with pH values < 5 or > 9

Waste Management

Sharp wastes: syringes, needles, glass, scalpel
Non-sharp wastes: gloves, tissue papers, petri dishes, plastic culture containers, and hardened agar
Liquid wastes: broth culture, blood
Animal carcases: organs and tissues

Laboratory Safety Rules

Do not work alone in the lab without supervision
Wash your hands before and after conducting experiments
Clean your workstation using disinfectant
Dispose of wastes according to Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

Handling Chemical Spills

Inform your teacher
Declare the spill area as a restricted zone
Prevent the chemical spill from spreading using sand
Scoop up the chemical spill using appropriate equipment
Dispose of the chemical spill safely

Handling Mercury Spills

Inform your teacher
Declare the spill area as a restricted zone
Sprinkle sulphur to cover the mercury spill
Call the fire and rescue department
Dispose of the mercury spill safely

Safety Measures for Fire

Stop work immediately and switch off all nearby power sources and unplug all appliances
Exit the lab according to the emergency exit plan
Call the fire and rescue department
Do not panic and stay calm
Do not recollect your belongings

Handling Glass and Chemicals

Be cautious when handling hot glassware
Report any damaged equipment to teachers immediately
Keep flammable substances away from fire sources
Do not touch, taste, and smell chemicals directly

Graphs and Charts

Types of graphs: line graph, bar chart, histogram
Line graph: used to show the relationship between manipulated and responding variables
Bar chart: used to present data using vertical bars that are not attached to each other
Histogram: shows the visual distribution of data and frequency of a value in a data set

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Description

This quiz covers the basic concepts of biology, including the study of living organisms, their structure, function, and interactions with their environment.