Biology Basics Quiz

A group of similar cells working together for a specific purpose.

A group of different tissues working together for a specific function.

A group of organs working together for one or more purposes.

A large, muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

The force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels.

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions without being used up.

A substance produced by the liver that helps digest fats.

The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that the body can absorb.

A specialized cell is a cell that has developed to perform a specific function, often with unique adaptations to carry out its task.

The process by which a cell changes to become a specialized cell.

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, meaning they can develop into any type of cell.

Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated cells found in an early embryo and have the potential to turn into any kind of cell.

Adult stem cells are found in specific tissues and can only turn into certain cell types. For example, stem cells in the bone marrow can only become different types of blood cells.

The spreading out of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

A semi-permeable membrane is a membrane that allows certain substances to pass through but blocks others. This selectivity is based on size and properties of the substances.

The movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.

The movement of substances across a membrane against their concentration gradient, meaning from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration. This process requires energy, usually supplied by ATP from respiration.

Gas exchange is the process by which oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released. It occurs in organisms to support cellular respiration.

The fluid that carries oxygen, nutrients, and waste products around the body. It is composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

A condition that occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart, become blocked. This can lead to heart attacks and heart failure.

The uncontrolled growth of cells that can form tumors. Tumors can be either benign, growing slowly and remaining confined, or malignant, spreading throughout the body.

The green, flat part of a plant that is responsible for photosynthesis. It contains specialized cells and structures for capturing sunlight and producing food for the plant.

Tiny pores on the underside of a leaf that allow for gas exchange, specifically the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen. They are controlled by guard cells.

Specialized cells in the roots of plants that have a large surface area for efficient absorption of water and minerals from the soil.

A type of vascular tissue in plants that transports water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves, acting like a pipe system.

A type of vascular tissue in plants that transports sugars (food) produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant, acting like a delivery system.

The state of being free from disease or refers to physical and mental wellbeing.

Lifestyle factors such as diet, smoking, stress, and lack of exercise can significantly impact a person's health.

The loss of water by evaporation and transpiration from the leaves of a plant.

Drugs used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood by reducing the amount produced in the liver.

A mechanical device used to widen narrow or blocked arteries, restoring blood flow.

A surgical procedure where a diseased heart is replaced with a healthy heart from a deceased donor.

Microorganisms that enter the body and cause disease.

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists are all examples of pathogens.

They can be spread through the air, water, or direct contact. They can also be spread through contaminated surfaces.

Your skin acts as a barrier to pathogens. It blocks them from entering your body.

Your immune system is your body's defense against pathogens.

White blood cells engulf and destroy pathogens. They are the main part of your immune system.

Antibodies specifically target and kill pathogens, making them ineffective.

A weakened version of a pathogen that is injected into the body to stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies.

Antibiotics are drugs that kill bacteria. They do not work on viruses.

Drugs that relieve pain and inflammation, but do not combat the cause of the disease.