Biology Basics Overview

Molecules

Elements

<p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A stable isotope has a nucleus that stays intact over a long period of time, while an unstable isotope has a nucleus that decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acids or bases are added.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nonpolar covalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A weak interaction that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) and another electronegative atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heat is the total kinetic energy due to molecular motion, while temperature is a measure of the intensity of heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process by which the surface of a liquid cools down as the molecules with the greatest energy evaporate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydrophilic and hydrophobic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acids donate H+ ions to solutions, while bases accept H+ ions. Acids have a pH lower than 7, while bases have a pH greater than 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inheritence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Science aims to understand natural phenomena, while technology aims to apply scientific knowledge for some specific purpose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A property that arises from the specific arrangement and interactions of component parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In a controlled experiment, the researcher manipulates one or more variables, while in an observational study, the researcher observes and records data without manipulating any variables.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process by which individuals with inherited traits best suited to the local environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than are less well-suited individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process by which humans choose which organisms reproduce, leading to changes in species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Describes the flow of genetic information within a biological system. It includes DNA replication, transcription, and translation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Galaxy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Peer review is a process by which scientific papers are evaluated by other experts in the field before they are published. This helps to ensure that the research is rigorous and of high quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Chemistry is foundational for understanding biological systems.

Elements necessary for life, primarily including 6: C, H, O, N, Ca, P.

Water is vital for all organisms; it makes up 95% of cells.

A pure substance that cannot be broken into simpler substances.

The smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.

A substance made of two or more different elements chemically bonded.

Atoms with the same protons but different neutrons.

A solution that resists changes in pH when acids or bases are added.

Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Formed when one atom transfers electrons to another, creating charged ions.

Formed when two atoms share electrons.

Electrons are shared unequally, creating partial charges.

Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative atom and another electronegative atom.

New characteristics that arise when elements combine to form compounds.

A compound that donates H+ ions to a solution.

A compound that accepts H+ ions and removes them from a solution.

A scale that measures how acidic or basic a solution is.

Elements required by organisms in minute amounts.

Rad isotopes can be tracers or harmful; used in medical imaging.

Molecules of the same kind stick together due to forces.

Molecules of different kinds stick together.

Water can absorb and release heat with minimal temperature change.

Ice is less dense than liquid water, allowing it to float.

Hydrophilic substances attract water; hydrophobic do not.

The process of converting DNA into functional proteins.

Process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive.

Theory that species evolve from common ancestors through gradual changes.