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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of lysosomes in animal cells?
What is the main function of lysosomes in animal cells?
What is the term for the process by which water moves through a plant, from the roots to the leaves, and is then released into the air as water vapor?
What is the term for the process by which water moves through a plant, from the roots to the leaves, and is then released into the air as water vapor?
Which of the following types of bonds is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?
Which of the following types of bonds is characterized by the sharing of electrons between atoms?
What is the term for the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur?
What is the term for the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur?
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Which of the following is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?
Which of the following is an example of a producer in an ecosystem?
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What is the scientific term for the 'building blocks of life'?
What is the scientific term for the 'building blocks of life'?
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Which of the following forces is responsible for keeping an object on the ground?
Which of the following forces is responsible for keeping an object on the ground?
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What is the term for the movement of an object in a circular path around a fixed point?
What is the term for the movement of an object in a circular path around a fixed point?
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Which of the following types of energy is associated with the motion of an object?
Which of the following types of energy is associated with the motion of an object?
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What is the term for the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a wave?
What is the term for the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs of a wave?
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Study Notes
Biology
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Cells: Basic units of life, consisting of cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material (DNA or RNA)
- Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and vacuoles; animal cells have lysosomes and centrioles
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Genetics: Study of heredity and variation
- Mendel's laws: segregation, independent assortment, and dominance
- DNA structure: double helix, nucleotides, and base pairing
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Ecosystems: Interactions between living organisms and their environment
- Energy flow: producers, consumers, and decomposers
- Trophic levels: food chains and food webs
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Evolution: Change in species over time
- Mechanisms: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection
- Evidence: fossil record, comparative anatomy, and molecular biology
Chemistry
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Atoms: Building blocks of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons
- Atomic number: number of protons in an atom's nucleus
- Atomic mass: total number of protons and neutrons
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Chemical Bonding: Atoms sharing or transferring electrons to form bonds
- Types: ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds
- Bond polarity: electronegativity and partial charges
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Chemical Reactions: Processes involving the transformation of substances
- Types: synthesis, decomposition, replacement, and combustion reactions
- Reaction rates: factors affecting speed, such as concentration and temperature
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Acids and Bases: Substances that donate or accept protons
- pH scale: measure of acidity or basicity
- Strong and weak acids and bases
Physics
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Motion: Change in position of an object over time
- Types: translational, rotational, and vibrational motion
- Kinematics: description of motion using position, velocity, and acceleration
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Forces: Pushes or pulls that cause motion or change
- Types: gravity, friction, normal, and tension forces
- Newton's laws: inertia, force and acceleration, and action and reaction
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Energy: Ability to do work or cause change
- Types: kinetic, potential, thermal, and electrical energy
- Energy transformations: conservation and conversion
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Waves: Periodic disturbances that transfer energy
- Types: mechanical, electromagnetic, and sound waves
- Wave properties: frequency, wavelength, and speed
Biology
-
Cells
- Basic units of life, consisting of cell membrane, cytoplasm, and genetic material (DNA or RNA)
- Plant cells have additional features: cell walls, chloroplasts, and vacuoles
- Animal cells have additional features: lysosomes and centrioles
-
Genetics
- Study of heredity and variation
- Mendel's laws govern inheritance: segregation, independent assortment, and dominance
- DNA structure is a double helix, comprised of nucleotides and base pairing
-
Ecosystems
- Interactions between living organisms and their environment
- Energy flow occurs through producers, consumers, and decomposers
- Trophic levels form food chains and food webs
-
Evolution
- Change in species over time
- Mechanisms of evolution: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection
- Evidence for evolution: fossil record, comparative anatomy, and molecular biology
Chemistry
-
Atoms
- Building blocks of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons
- Atomic number is the number of protons in an atom's nucleus
- Atomic mass is the total number of protons and neutrons
-
Chemical Bonding
- Atoms share or transfer electrons to form bonds
- Types of bonds: ionic, covalent, and metallic
- Bond polarity is influenced by electronegativity and partial charges
-
Chemical Reactions
- Processes involving the transformation of substances
- Types of reactions: synthesis, decomposition, replacement, and combustion
- Factors affecting reaction rates: concentration, temperature, and more
-
Acids and Bases
- Substances that donate or accept protons
- pH scale measures acidity or basicity
- Strong and weak acids and bases have distinct properties
Physics
-
Motion
- Change in position of an object over time
- Types of motion: translational, rotational, and vibrational
- Kinematics describes motion using position, velocity, and acceleration
-
Forces
- Pushes or pulls that cause motion or change
- Types of forces: gravity, friction, normal, and tension forces
- Newton's laws govern force and motion: inertia, force and acceleration, and action and reaction
-
Energy
- Ability to do work or cause change
- Types of energy: kinetic, potential, thermal, and electrical
- Energy is conserved and converted between forms
-
Waves
- Periodic disturbances that transfer energy
- Types of waves: mechanical, electromagnetic, and sound waves
- Wave properties: frequency, wavelength, and speed
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Description
Test your knowledge of basic biology concepts, including cells, genetics, and ecosystems.
