Biology and Web Development Quiz

Good bacteria, often found in the gut, used in food production like yogurt.

Extremophile bacteria, living in harsh environments like high heat or salt.

A diverse group of organisms, doesn't fit neatly into other kingdoms. Includes diatoms and algae.

Organisms that break down dead material. Examples include mushrooms and yeast.

Organisms that make their own food through photosynthesis.

Organisms that consume other organisms for energy.

The role of an organism in its environment, and how it interacts with other living things.

A population where allele frequencies do not change over time.

A population not evolving; allele frequencies remain constant.

A large population is needed for no genetic drift.

No new alleles are introduced.

No movement of alleles between populations.

All alleles are equally successful at reproduction.

No alleles entering or leaving the population.

Change in allele frequencies in a population over time.

Non-random mating, natural selection, migration, genetic drift, genetic flow.

Individuals mate with certain traits more often.

Certain traits make reproduction more successful.

The movement of individuals between populations.

Random chance events affecting allele frequencies.

The movement of genes between populations.

Mutations

A kingdom of bacteria found in extreme environments, with unique cell wall structures, lipids, and genetic material compared to Eubacteria.

A kingdom that includes all other bacteria; found in diverse habitats and have diverse forms of metabolism.

The outer boundary of a bacterial cell that controls what enters and exits the cell.

The traits that make an organism more appealing to a mate, influencing their survival and genetic health.

Protective layer surrounding the plasma membrane, providing shape and support to the bacterial cell.

A sticky outer layer found in some bacteria, believed to help them attach to hosts.

Changes in DNA that introduce new alleles into a gene pool.

Tail-like appendages used by some bacteria for movement.

The movement of genes between populations through immigration and emigration.

The process where organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

The genetic material of bacteria, organized as a single circular chromosome, unlike in eukaryotes.

Factors in the environment that influence which traits are beneficial. Examples: predators, disease, and environmental change.

A type of Archaebacteria that produce methane gas in oxygen-free environments.

A type of Archaebacteria that live in highly salty environments.

Natural selection favoring average traits in a population, like human birth weight.

Natural selection favoring one extreme trait, like antibiotic resistance in bacteria.

A type of Archaebacteria that thrive in hot and acidic environments.

A cell lacking membrane-bound organelles like a nucleus, mitochondria, or chloroplasts.

Natural selection favoring both extreme traits, but not the average.

Cellular structures involved in protein synthesis.

Projections used by bacteria to exchange genetic material.

Bacteria are classified into cocci (sphere), bacilli (rod), and spirilla (spiral) based on their shape.

Sphere-shaped bacteria, often found in pairs, chains or clusters.

Rod-shaped bacteria, often long and thin.

Spiral-shaped bacteria.

Prefixes (like 'diplo-','strepto-','staphylo-') describe how bacteria come together in groups.

Bacteria that gain energy by consuming other organisms.

Bacteria that make their own food using sunlight.

Bacteria that make their own food using chemicals.

Asexual reproduction method in bacteria, resulting in two identical daughter cells.

Bacteria can reproduce very quickly every ~20 minutes under ideal conditions.

If antibiotic treatment is stopped too early, the remaining bacteria can continue reproducing.

Same structures in different species, showing a common ancestor.

Structures with similar function, but different structure, not showing common ancestry.

Remnants of structures that had a function in an ancestor, but not in the descendant.

Whales' evolution from land-dwelling organisms, evidenced by vestigial hip bones and breathing air.

Similar DNA, RNA, and protein sequences in closely related organisms, supporting common ancestry.

Identifying the differences in the DNA base sequences among organisms.

Prokaryotic

Prokaryotic

Eukaryotic

Eukaryotic

Eukaryotic

Eukaryotic

Peptidoglycan

Some have cell walls, made of various materials

Some have cell walls, made of various materials

Chitin

Cellulose

Absent

Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Autotrophic or heterotrophic

Heterotrophic

Autotrophic

Heterotrophic