Biology and Chemistry Quiz

<p>Glycerophospholipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Root (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1/16 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutrient absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are often solid at room temperature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Milk planaria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pharynx and middle ear (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BH₃ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alkenes are isomeric with cycloalkanes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protective coloration in animals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arachnids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A(II), B(III), AB(IV) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>81 mole/(l·sec) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>benzyl bromide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ebola fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arthropoda (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brightness and black-and-white vision (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ag+ and Cl− (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>P2O5 and CaO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right atrium and right ventricle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aorta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen-poor blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygenated blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduces appetite (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stomach (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzyme activity decreases until it disappears (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Denaturation of the polypeptide chain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The enzyme cannot bind to substrate anymore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At 37°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alteration of the catalytic center's structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Algae, Mosses, Ferns, Gymnospermae, Flowering plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycogen and starch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fungi and bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macrophages are examples of antigen-presenting cells. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>28.48 ml (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA and mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gymnospermae do not produce flowers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical barriers like skin (B), Active against all pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An element with two unpaired outermost electrons in its neutral ground state.

Oxides that react with water to form acidic solutions.

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements.

A plant part involved in growth and survival, not reproduction.

An organism with two heterozygous genes.

1/4 in a diheterozygous organism with unlinked genes.

Different arrangement of atoms with same chemical formula.

Lipid molecules with a glycerol backbone, fatty acids, and a phosphate group. Major component of cell membranes.

An organism that lives in or on another organism (host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense.

A tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the throat (nasopharynx), allowing pressure equalization.

A type of atomic orbital hybridization where one s orbital and two p orbitals combine to form three sp2 hybridized orbitals, resulting in a trigonal planar geometry.

Molecules with the same molecular formula (same number and type of atoms) but different arrangements of atoms.

A special adaptation that is unique to a species and helps it survive in a specific environment.

A class of joint-legged invertebrates that have eight legs, a cephalothorax (head and thorax combined), and an abdomen.

The inheritance of blood type follows Mendelian principles, with multiple alleles determining blood group.

The speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds, measured as the change in concentration of reactants or products over time.

A value that describes how much the rate of a chemical reaction increases for every 10°C rise in temperature.

The speed at which a chemical reaction occurs, usually measured in 'moles per liter per second' (mol/(L⋅s)).

The reaction of toluene (methylbenzene) with bromine in the presence of ultraviolet light leads to the formation of benzyl bromide.

An illness caused by a virus, a microscopic infectious agent that replicates inside living cells.

Arthropoda, the phylum containing insects, spiders, crustaceans, and others, has the highest number of species.

Rods are photoreceptor cells in the retina responsible for black-and-white vision and perceiving light intensity (brightness).

When a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3) is added to potassium chloride (KCl), silver ions (Ag+) and chloride ions (Cl-) react to form a precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl).

Certain oxides, such as phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and calcium oxide (CaO), react with water to form acids or bases.

The chambers of the heart responsible for receiving deoxygenated blood from the body and pumping it to the lungs. They include the right atrium and right ventricle.

The chambers of the heart responsible for receiving oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumping it to the body. They include the left atrium and left ventricle.

Vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

Vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the left atrium of the heart.

The largest artery in the body, carrying oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body.

A large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium of the heart.

The circulation of blood throughout the body, excluding the lungs. It involves the aorta, inferior vena cava, and other organs.

The circulation of blood between the heart and the lungs. It involves the pulmonary arteries and veins.

α-amylase is an enzyme found in saliva and the pancreas that breaks down complex carbohydrates like glycogen and starch into simpler sugars.

Cell walls are rigid structures that provide support and protection for certain types of cells. They are found in ferns, fungi, and bacteria like Escherichia coli.

Innate immunity is the first line of defense against pathogens. It's a non-specific response that acts quickly to prevent infection.

Acquired immunity is a specific and adaptive immune response that develops after exposure to pathogens. It involves cells like B and T lymphocytes.

APCs are immune cells (like macrophages, B cells, and dendritic cells) that engulf pathogens and present their antigens to other immune cells to stimulate an immune response.

Humoral immunity involves antibodies produced by B lymphocytes that circulate in the blood and lymph to neutralize pathogens.

Cellular immunity involves T lymphocytes that directly attack infected cells or kill pathogens.

There are two main types of immunity: innate (general, rapid response) and acquired (specific, adaptive response).

As body temperature increases, enzyme activity initially increases but then decreases until it stops completely. This is because higher temperatures disrupt the enzyme's structure.

Enzymes are proteins made of amino acid chains. These chains can fold into different shapes depending on the environment. High temperatures can cause these chains to unfold (denature), changing the enzyme's shape and function.

When an enzyme's structure is permanently altered by high temperatures, it loses its ability to catalyze reactions. This is called denaturation, and it's like breaking the key.

The active site of an enzyme is called the catalytic centre. It's a specific region that binds to the substrate and facilitates the chemical reaction.

Human body temperature (37°C) is optimal for most enzymes. At this temperature, the enzyme has the correct shape for efficient catalysis.