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Questions and Answers
What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart?
What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart?
What is the molecular geometry of a molecule of sulfur dioxide (SO2)?
What is the molecular geometry of a molecule of sulfur dioxide (SO2)?
What is the name of the genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?
What is the name of the genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21?
Which of the following types of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
Which of the following types of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?
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Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?
Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?
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Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating contraction of a muscle?
Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating contraction of a muscle?
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Which of the following microorganisms lack their own metabolic pathways and can only reproduce inside of a host cell?
Which of the following microorganisms lack their own metabolic pathways and can only reproduce inside of a host cell?
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Which of the following types of cells produce and release antibodies?
Which of the following types of cells produce and release antibodies?
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What are the three types of salivary glands and where are they located?
What are the three types of salivary glands and where are they located?
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Which substance is excreted by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure?
Which substance is excreted by the kidneys to regulate blood pressure?
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What is the chemical formula for water?
What is the chemical formula for water?
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Which unit is commonly used to indicate length?
Which unit is commonly used to indicate length?
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What is the largest organ in the human body by surface area?
What is the largest organ in the human body by surface area?
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Which describes the function of ligaments?
Which describes the function of ligaments?
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What differentiates innate immunity from adaptive immunity?
What differentiates innate immunity from adaptive immunity?
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Which component carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis?
Which component carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis?
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Which of the following structures is an exocrine gland?
Which of the following structures is an exocrine gland?
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Which of the following best describes a function of a totipotent cell?
Which of the following best describes a function of a totipotent cell?
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Which class of biological molecules includes enzymes?
Which class of biological molecules includes enzymes?
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In the context of autoimmune disorders, how should the hypothesis regarding parasitic worm infestation be modified?
In the context of autoimmune disorders, how should the hypothesis regarding parasitic worm infestation be modified?
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What is the consequence of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
What is the consequence of using a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
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Which organs are at greatest risk following severe blunt trauma to the thoracic cavity?
Which organs are at greatest risk following severe blunt trauma to the thoracic cavity?
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How does a pH of 3 compare to a pH of 4?
How does a pH of 3 compare to a pH of 4?
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Which of the following processes primarily drives carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli?
Which of the following processes primarily drives carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli?
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Which part of the digestive system is responsible for both digestion and absorption?
Which part of the digestive system is responsible for both digestion and absorption?
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What term describes the relaxation of the chambers of the heart during the cardiac cycle?
What term describes the relaxation of the chambers of the heart during the cardiac cycle?
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How many times stronger is the hydrogen-ion concentration of a pH 4 solution as compared to a pH 9 solution?
How many times stronger is the hydrogen-ion concentration of a pH 4 solution as compared to a pH 9 solution?
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Which of the following summarizes a change that occurs when a solid turns into a liquid?
Which of the following summarizes a change that occurs when a solid turns into a liquid?
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Which organ is responsible for filtering excess solutes from the blood?
Which organ is responsible for filtering excess solutes from the blood?
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Which ion binds to the troponin complex, initiating muscle contraction?
Which ion binds to the troponin complex, initiating muscle contraction?
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What is the function of bones in the human body?
What is the function of bones in the human body?
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Which of the following represents the two major parts of the nervous system?
Which of the following represents the two major parts of the nervous system?
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What distinguishes endocrine glands from exocrine glands?
What distinguishes endocrine glands from exocrine glands?
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Which organ is primarily responsible for removing nitrogenous waste from the body?
Which organ is primarily responsible for removing nitrogenous waste from the body?
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What is the genotype of a green pod pea plant that is crossed with a yellow pod plant, producing 50% green and 50% yellow offspring?
What is the genotype of a green pod pea plant that is crossed with a yellow pod plant, producing 50% green and 50% yellow offspring?
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Which structure is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Which structure is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
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What process can increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
What process can increase the rate of a chemical reaction?
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Which of the following atoms is most likely to form a cation?
Which of the following atoms is most likely to form a cation?
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Which cells are responsible for transferring pigment granules to adjacent epidermal cells?
Which cells are responsible for transferring pigment granules to adjacent epidermal cells?
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Where does fertilization of an egg cell typically occur?
Where does fertilization of an egg cell typically occur?
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What term is given to the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information to make a specific protein molecule?
What term is given to the sequence of nucleotides that contains the information to make a specific protein molecule?
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Using the equation $pH= -log [H^+]$, what is the pH of a solution with $[H^+]= 10^{-9} M$?
Using the equation $pH= -log [H^+]$, what is the pH of a solution with $[H^+]= 10^{-9} M$?
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What further test would best support the conclusion that energy drinks improve women’s running speed after a study?
What further test would best support the conclusion that energy drinks improve women’s running speed after a study?
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If A represents atomic mass and Z represents atomic number, how is an atom described after a proton is emitted from its nucleus?
If A represents atomic mass and Z represents atomic number, how is an atom described after a proton is emitted from its nucleus?
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Which of the following best describes a key difference between skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles?
Which of the following best describes a key difference between skeletal muscles and cardiac muscles?
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Water molecules enter cells predominantly through which transport mechanism?
Water molecules enter cells predominantly through which transport mechanism?
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The 'gray matter' of the brain is largely comprised of which component?
The 'gray matter' of the brain is largely comprised of which component?
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What is the scientific purpose of an experienced mountaineer climbing Mount Everest using the same route and materials as a past expedition that failed?
What is the scientific purpose of an experienced mountaineer climbing Mount Everest using the same route and materials as a past expedition that failed?
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Study Notes
Salivary Glands
- Parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands are located in the mouth (roof of the mouth, cheeks, and under the jawbone respectively).
Blood Pressure Regulation
- The kidneys excrete renin to regulate blood pressure.
Chemical Formula for Water
- H₂O
Units for Length
- M (meters)
Analyzing Traffic Patterns
- Researchers collect data on the number of cars passing through an intersection at different times of the day to analyze traffic patterns during rush hour.
Largest Organ by Surface Area
- Skin
Ligament Function
- Ligaments attach two bones.
Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity
- Innate immunity is present at birth, while adaptive immunity is acquired after exposure to pathogens.
tRNA Function
- tRNA carries amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis.
Scientific Method Steps
- Observation, hypothesis, prediction, experimentation, analysis, conclusion.
Solid vs. Liquid
- Solids have a definite shape and volume, while liquids have a definite volume but no fixed shape.
Respiratory System: Diaphragm
- The diaphragm is responsible for regulating breathing rate and depth in the respiratory system.
Monosaccharide vs. Disaccharide
- Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be further broken down. Disaccharides are composed of two simple sugars.
DNA Transcription
- Transcription is the process by which DNA is copied into RNA.
Muscle Contraction: Calcium
- Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to initiate actin and myosin filament sliding.
Breathing Muscle: Diaphragm
- The diaphragm is the dome-shaped muscle that plays a key role in breathing.
Epididymis Function
- The epididymis stores and processes sperm.
Respiratory System Function
- The respiratory system exchanges gases between the body and its environment.
Isotonic vs. Isometric Muscle Contractions
- Isotonic contractions produce movement, while isometric contractions do not produce movement.
Innate Immunity Characteristic
- Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific protection.
Four Primary Tissue Types
- Exocrine glandular tissue.
Genetic Mutation: Frameshift Mutation
- Frameshift mutations involve the insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides in a DNA sequence.
Osmosis
- Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
Chemical Property
- Reactivity with acid.
Embryonic Development: Nervous System
- Ectoderm forms the nervous system during embryonic development.
Photosynthesis Pigment
- Chlorophyll a is the primary pigment responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Exothermic Reaction
- Burning wood is an exothermic reaction.
Vaccines
- Vaccines work by exposing the individual to a weakened or inactivated form of a pathogen.
Ribosome Function
- Ribosomes synthesize proteins in the cell.
Double-Blind Study
- A double-blind study is where both the participants and researchers do not know which group participants are assigned to.
Blood Sugar Regulation Hormone
- Insulin
Erythrocyte Function
- Erythrocytes transport oxygen to body tissues.
Shoulder Joint
- The shoulder joint allows for rotation of the arm.
Heart Valve
- The mitral valve separates the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart.
Molecular Geometry of Sulphur Dioxide
- Bent
Genetic Disorder: Down Syndrome
- Down syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21.
RNA for Amino Acid Transport
- Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
Vertebral Column Regions (Top to Bottom)
- Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal.
Major Parts of the Nervous System
- Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.
Cell Measurement
- Diameter
Muscle Contraction Ion
- Calcium
Microorganism Reproduction
- Viruses lack their metabolic pathways and reproduce inside of a host cell.
Atomic Number
- The atomic number of an atom with 12 protons and 12 neutrons is 12.
Antibody Producing Cells
- Plasma B cells produce and release antibodies.
Organic Molecules: Amine & Carboxyl
- Proteins contain both amine and carboxyl groups.
Viral DNA Insertion
- Reverse transcriptase inserts viral DNA into the host's DNA.
Centrosome Function
- Centrosomes organize microtubule organelles.
Experimental Group
- The control group can be measured against the experimental group.
DNA Sequence Determination
- Genes are used to determine a person's DNA sequence.
Cytoskeleton Component
- Proteins.
Water Solvent Property
- Water's polarity explains its solvent abilities.
Experiment on Terminal Velocity
- Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
Pancreatic Enzyme Function
- Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes chyme acidity.
Osteoporosis Cause
- A decline in osteoblast activity.
Atomic Number 12
- 12
Frozen Body Preservation
- The body was frozen in the cold temperature environment(Alps).
Hormone Categorization
- Androgens.
Phase Diagram Term
- Triple point.
Chemical Reaction Catalyst Effect
- Catalysts complete the reaction in a shorter time.
Carbonic Acid
- Carbonic Acid.
Immune Cell Types
- Helper T-cells.
Apple Browning Enzyme
- Enzymes.
Water's Temperature Moderation Property
- High specific heat capacity
Eukaryotic Cell Part for ATP Production
- Mitochondria.
Female Reproductive Tissue Source
- The fallopian tubes.
Enzyme Macromolecules Bonding
- Peptide bonds.
Blood Pathway to Organ
- Blood travels from the heart through arteries that narrow into arterioles, then to capillaries, finally to deliver blood to the organ.
Fertilization Location
- Fallopian tubes.
Chemical Reaction: Water with Metal
- Water produces gas with sodium metal (chemical reaction)
Atomic Structure Component: Negligible Mass
- Electrons
Calcium Regulating Hormone
- Parathyroid hormone
Heart Internal Lining
- Endocardium
Fewest Covalent Bonds Molecule
- Chlorine molecule
Protein Breakdown System
- Digestive system
Chromatin Function
- Chromatin carries, or contains genetic information.
Intracellular Digestion Location
- Lysosomes, Helper T cells
Noninfectious Disease
- Psoriasis.
Bacteria Resistance to Antibiotics
- The shaded area of which represents growth on that particular plate.
Endocrine vs. Exocrine Glands
- The presence or absence of ducts.
Nitrogenous Waste Removal Organ
- Kidneys
Pea Plant Pod Color Inheritance
- The genotypes displayed are Gg for one parent plant and gg for the other.
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cell Component
- Cell membranes
Chemical Reaction Catalyst Effect
- The reaction proceeds in a shorter amount of time.
Atomic Mass and Number After Emission
- A-1, Z-1
Skeletal & Cardiac Muscles Difference
- Cardiac muscles contain intercalated discs, while skeletal muscles do not
Brain Gray Matter Component
- Neuron cell bodies
Scientific Purpose of Everest Mount Climb
- To assess why the earlier expedition failed.
Worm Infestation Effect Modifier
- It helps to support the hypothesis modification to reflect the effects of worm infestations on autoimmune diseases.
Oxygen Depleted Blood Drainage
- Renal vein
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Description
Test your knowledge on key biological concepts, anatomy, and physiology. This quiz covers topics like heart structure, genetic disorders, and the roles of RNA in protein synthesis. Challenge yourself and see how well you understand the human body's systems and functions.
