Biology Active and Passive Transport Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What process requires energy to move molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration?

Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
Active transport (correct)
Osmosis

Which statement correctly describes endocytosis?

It is a passive process that does not require energy.
A vesicle forms around a particle to transport it into the cell. (correct)
It transports small molecules across the membrane using energy.
It involves direct diffusion of molecules through the membrane.

Which type of transport primarily utilizes transport proteins to assist in the movement of molecules?

Endocytosis
Facilitated diffusion (correct)
Active transport
Simple diffusion

What role do vesicles play in the processes of endocytosis and exocytosis?

They enclose large particles to facilitate their movement into or out of the cell. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately contrasts passive and active transport?

Passive transport operates without energy and moves substances down their concentration gradient, while active transport requires energy and moves substances against it. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules primarily utilize diffusion to cross the cell membrane?

Lipid soluble particles (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which transport method requires the expenditure of energy?

Active transport (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes endocytosis?

It involves the engulfing of external substances by the cell membrane. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes facilitated diffusion from passive diffusion?

It requires special protein channels to assist movement. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the cell membrane in transport?

To selectively control the entry and exit of substances. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What defines a selectively permeable membrane?

It permits only specific substances to cross. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between diffusion and active transport?

Active transport occurs against the concentration gradient, while diffusion occurs along it. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the concentration gradient in diffusion?

It drives the movement of substances from high to low concentration. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about passive transport is accurate?

Passive transport can only occur in the presence of a concentration gradient. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of endocytosis in cellular processes?

To bring large particles into the cell. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a membrane is primarily responsible for enabling selective permeability?

Proteins (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the process of exocytosis?

The vesicle fuses with the membrane to release contents outside the cell. (D) Signup and view all the answers

During the process of endocytosis, what is formed around the particle being transported?

A vesicle. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which direction do vesicles move during exocytosis?

From the cytoplasm to the extracellular environment. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role does the cell membrane play during endocytosis?

It pinches off to create a vesicle around the particle. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes active transport from passive transport mechanisms?

Active transport requires energy to move molecules. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario does water move into a cell as a result of osmosis?

When the cell is in a hypotonic solution. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes facilitated diffusion?

It occurs with the help of carrier proteins and does not require energy. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pump proteins in a cell membrane?

They actively move molecules against the concentration gradient. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What result would you expect if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

The cell will lose water and shrink in size. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic correctly describes the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane?

It is selectively permeable, allowing certain molecules to diffuse. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In an isotonic environment, the behavior of water molecules is best described as:

There is no net movement of water molecules. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about passive transport is false?

It moves molecules against the concentration gradient. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What describes the primary direction of particle movement during diffusion?

From an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has the most significant effect on the rate of diffusion?

The added energy, such as heat (D) Signup and view all the answers

What role do carbohydrate chains play in the cell membrane as shown in the diagram?

They act as receptors and markers for cellular communication (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the particle model of matter is true?

Particles of different substances can have similar sizes but different compositions (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the arrangement of particles differ among solids, liquids, and gases?

Gases have the largest spaces between particles while solids have the smallest (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of a hypertonic solution on a cell?

Water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does an isotonic solution affect water movement in and out of the cell?

Water moves in and out at equal rates, maintaining the cell's shape. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What role do carrier proteins play in facilitated diffusion?

They aid in the passive transport of solutes across the membrane. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?

Water rushes into the cell, potentially causing it to burst. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about osmosis is correct?

Osmosis specifically refers to the diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Diffusion

The movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration across a membrane, following the concentration gradient.

Facilitated Diffusion

The movement of molecules across a membrane with the assistance of transport proteins, also following the concentration gradient (high to low).

Active Transport

The movement of molecules across a membrane against their concentration gradient, from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration. This process requires energy (ATP).

Endocytosis

A process used by cells to take in large particles, such as food molecules or bacteria. The cell membrane engulfs the particle, forming a vesicle that carries it into the cell.