Biology 1st Quarter - Prokaryotes and Adaptation

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following characteristics defines prokaryotes?

Multicellularity

Presence of a nucleus

Lack of membrane-bound organelles (correct)

High complexity in structure

In which kingdom do multicellular organisms like sunflowers belong?

Animalia

Monera

Fungi

Plantae (correct)

What distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes?

Lack of DNA

Presence of a defined nucleus (correct)

Presence of ribosomes

Use of photosynthesis

Which of the following represents a level of biological organization?

Cell Signup and view all the answers

In the six-kingdom classification, which kingdom includes organisms that digest their food externally?

Fungi Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an emergent property in biological systems?

Formation of communities in ecosystems Signup and view all the answers

What process is closely related to the artificial selection of plants and animals?

Selective breeding Signup and view all the answers

Which sub-atomic particle is not present in the structure of an atom?

Molecule Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes prokaryotes from eukaryotes?

Presence of a nucleus Signup and view all the answers

Which kingdom do bacteria belong to?

Monera/Bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of organisms classified as photoautotrophs?

They produce energy through photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly classifies plants and animals in the six-kingdom classification system?

Plants belong in kingdom Plantae; Animals belong in kingdom Animalia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding unicellular organisms?

They can be found in freshwater environments Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic best describes the metabolism of living things?

It's a biochemical process that converts energy Signup and view all the answers

How do living organisms respond to stimuli?

By exhibiting changes in movement or behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is one way living organisms exhibit organization?

They have distinct structural levels, from cells to systems Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of prokaryotes?

Lack of membrane-bound organelles Signup and view all the answers

Which taxonomic group includes organisms that are predominantly unicellular or simply multicellular?

Protista Signup and view all the answers

What process is described as humans selecting organisms with specific characteristics for breeding?

Artificial selection Signup and view all the answers

In which kingdom do organisms primarily obtain their food by consuming other organisms?

Animalia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes eukaryotic cells?

They have a complex structure with membrane-bound organelles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic life cycle of the Plantae kingdom?

Alternation of generations Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about fungi is true?

Most are multicellular and heterotrophic. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of taxonomy?

Classifying organisms based on evolutionary relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining feature of the Animalia kingdom?

They can move and respond to stimuli. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a common characteristic of heterotrophic organisms?

They obtain energy by consuming other organisms. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adaptation to the Environment

Prokaryotes are organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles and are primarily unicellular.
Most prokaryotes are heterotrophic, obtaining nutrients by consuming other organisms, while some are photosynthetic or chemosynthetic.

Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of identifying, classifying, and naming organisms hierarchically based on evolutionary relationships.
Organisms are categorized into various taxonomic ranks; for example, mushrooms belong in the kingdom Fungi and are multicellular and heterotrophic.

Kingdoms of Life

Protista: Eukaryotic organisms, mainly unicellular or simple multicellular, can be heterotrophic or photosynthetic, including protozoa, algae, and slime molds.
Plantae: Eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic organisms that exhibit an alternation of generations and have cell walls made of cellulose.
Animalia: Eukaryotic, multicellular, and heterotrophic organisms with muscular movement capabilities and nervous systems for responding to stimuli.
Fungi: Eukaryotic, mostly multicellular organisms that are heterotrophic and digest food externally.

Properties of Life

Organisms are composed of chemical elements and adhere to the same laws of chemistry and physics.
Examples of organism classifications:
- Bacteria: Tiny, unicellular prokaryotes found everywhere, classified under kingdom Monera/Bacteria.
- Paramecium: A freshwater, unicellular protist, classified in kingdom Protista.
- Snow goose: A freshwater, unicellular animal that consumes food, classified in kingdom Animalia.

Characteristics of Life

Living things exhibit specific characteristics that differentiate them from non-living things:
- Exhibit organization and hierarchical structure.
- Metabolize energy.
- Respond to stimuli.
- Reproduce and develop.
- Adapt to environmental changes.

Hierarchy of Life

Organizational levels include atoms as the smallest units of matter, comprising protons, neutrons, and electrons, leading to more complex structures, from unicellular organisms to multicellular organisms like humans.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of prokaryotes in this quiz designed for the first semester of 2024-2025. Understand their adaptation to environments, the origin of new species, and their heterotrophic nature. Test your knowledge on these essential unicellular organisms.