Biologiya: Həyat və Təşkilatlar

Biology

• Biology is the scientific study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, and distribution.
• Key branches include:
  • Cell biology: Study of cells, their structure and function.
  • Genetics: Study of genes, heredity, and variation.
  • Ecology: Study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.
  • Physiology: Study of the functions of living organisms.
  • Morphology: Study of the form and structure of organisms.
• Core principles include:
  • Evolution: The process by which species change over time.
  • Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment in living organisms.
  • Metabolism: The chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life.
  • Reproduction: The process by which organisms produce offspring.
• Key biological concepts include:
  • The cell theory: All living things are composed of cells.
  • The central dogma: DNA → RNA → Protein.
  • The theory of evolution by natural selection: Organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in species over generations.

Match

• A match is a device used to ignite a fire. Common materials include a wooden stick, a flammable substance, and material to start a fire.
• Types of matches include:
  • Strike-anywhere matches: Contain a fire-starting chemical on one side of the matchstick.
  • Safety matches: Require a special surface that will trigger the necessary chemical reaction.
• Methods of fire starting with matches:
  • The match is struck against a surface to generate heat and ignite the flammable compound.
• Match safety measures:
  • Never strike matches in windy areas or near flammable materials.
  • Use matches in well-ventilated spaces.
  • Keep matches out of reach of children.

English

• English is a West Germanic language that originated in England and is now widely spoken as a first or second language in many countries around the world.

• Key aspects include:

  • Grammar: The system of rules that govern the structure of sentences.
  • Vocabulary: The set of words in the language.
  • Pronunciation: The way words are said.

• Key elements of the English language :

  • Parts of speech: Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs.
  • Sentence structures: Simple, compound, complex.
  • Punctuation: Marks used to clarify meaning.

• English Literature: The body of written works in the English language, categorized into different genres/periods.

  • Key authors & works: Different periods in literature.

• English as a global language: English is now widely used for international communication, in business, technology, and academics.

Geography

• Geography is the study of the Earth's surface, including its physical features, landscapes, human populations, and interactions between them.
• Key elements include:
  • Physical geography: The study of natural processes on Earth, including climate, rivers, mountains, and coastlines.
  • Human geography: The study of human societies and their interactions with the environment and each other.
• Examples of geographic studies:
  • Global patterns of population distribution and density.
  • Climate change impact on the environment.
  • Mapping of geographical regions.
  • Studying urban development.
• Key concepts include:
  • Location: The position of a place on the Earth's surface.
  • Place: The characteristics that make a location unique.
  • Region: An area with shared characteristics.
  • Movement: The flow of people, goods, and ideas.
  • Human-environment interaction: The ways humans affect and are affected by the environment.
• Tools and analysis method of Geography include:
  • Maps and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing.

Biologiya həyatın və orqanizmlərin elmi tədqiqatıdır. Bu quizdə hüceyrə biologiyası, genetika, ekologiya və fiziologiya prinsip və anlayışlarını öyrənəcəksiniz. Həmçinin evrim, homeostaz və metabolizma kimi əsas prinsiplərdən bəhs olunur.