Biological Nitrogen Fixation
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Questions and Answers

What is manure obtained from?

  • Factory production
  • Decomposition of plant and animal waste (correct)
  • Moong or gram seeds
  • Forest plants and flowering plants

    • Why is it necessary to maintain an appropriate distance between seeds?

  • To reduce soil fertility
  • To encourage pest growth
  • To promote fungal growth
  • To avoid overcrowding (correct)

    • What is the purpose of adding manure to the soil?

  • To provide nutrients for plant growth (correct)
  • To reduce soil fertility
  • To reduce soil moisture
  • To promote pest growth

    • What is vermicomposting?

    <p>A method of composting using worms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Rhizobium bacteria in leguminous plants?

    <p>They fix atmospheric nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fertilisers and manure?

    <p>Fertilisers are produced in factories, while manure is decomposed naturally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is manure obtained from?

    <p>Decomposition of cattle dung and plant residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of fertilizers?

    <p>They are man-made inorganic salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a fertiliser?

    <p>Urea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the activity of germinating seeds in different glasses?

    <p>To compare the effect of different fertilisers on plant growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of manure over fertilizers?

    <p>It provides a lot of humus to the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is crop production and management?

    <p>The process of growing and managing crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of watering fields regularly?

    <p>To maintain the moisture of the soil for healthy crop growth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between fertilizers and manure?

    <p>Fertilizers are man-made, while manure is natural</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are farmers encouraged to adopt the practice of growing seedlings with manure?

    <p>To replenish the soil with nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of humus in the soil?

    <p>It maintains the moisture of the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to remove weeds before they produce flowers and seeds?

    <p>To prevent the weeds from interfering with harvesting and to prevent them from being poisonous for animals and human beings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using weedicides?

    <p>To kill the weeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should farmers use weedicides carefully?

    <p>Because they can affect the health of farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tilling the soil before sowing crops?

    <p>To uproot and kill the weeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the tool used to uproot weeds manually?

    <p>Khurpi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time period required for a cereal crop to mature?

    <p>3 to 4 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is harvesting in the context of agriculture?

    <p>The process of cutting crops after they are mature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the chemical used to kill weeds?

    <p>2,4-D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the stubs left in the field after harvesting?

    <p>They are burnt by farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should harvested grains be dried?

    <p>To reduce the risk of spoilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of winnowing?

    <p>To separate grains from chaff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Paheli worry about the stubs?

    <p>Because they can cause pollution and fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are neem leaves used in storing wheat?

    <p>To repel insects and pests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to freshly harvested grains if not dried?

    <p>They get spoilt or attacked by organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of drying harvested grains?

    <p>To prevent attack by insects and fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is storage of grains important?

    <p>To keep them safe from moisture, insects, and microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the soil when excessive fertilizers are used?

    <p>The soil becomes less fertile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of leaving the field uncultivated (fallow)?

    <p>To replenish soil nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using manure in soil?

    <p>It improves soil texture and water retaining capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of crop rotation?

    <p>To replenish soil nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of fertilizers on water?

    <p>They pollute water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using excessive fertilizers?

    <p>Soil becomes less fertile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using organic manure?

    <p>It improves soil texture and water retaining capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the traditional practice of farmers in northern India?

    <p>Growing legumes and wheat alternately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Crop Production and Management

    • Rhizobium bacteria are present in the nodules of leguminous plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen.
    • Farmers are encouraged to adopt crop rotation to replenish soil with nutrients.
    • Crop rotation involves growing different crops alternately, such as legumes and wheat.

    Fertilisers and Manure

    • Fertilisers are man-made inorganic salts rich in plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
    • Examples of fertilisers are urea, ammonium sulphate, super phosphate, and NPK.
    • Fertilisers are produced in factories and can make the soil less fertile if used excessively.
    • Manure is a natural substance obtained from the decomposition of plant or animal waste.
    • Manure provides humus to the soil, protects it from frost and hot air currents, and maintains soil moisture.
    • Manure is an organic substance that is better than fertilisers.

    Weeds and Their Control

    • Weeds interfere with crop growth, may be poisonous, and can affect harvesting.
    • Tilling before sowing helps in uprooting and killing weeds.
    • Manual removal of weeds involves physical removal by uprooting or cutting them close to the ground.
    • Weedicides, like 2,4-D, are chemicals used to control weeds without damaging crops.

    Harvesting

    • Harvesting is the process of cutting crops after they mature.
    • Harvesting usually takes 3-4 months for a cereal crop to mature.
    • Harvesting can be done manually or by machines.

    Storage

    • Storage of produce is an important task to keep grains safe from moisture, insects, rats, and microorganisms.
    • Harvested grains have more moisture and need to be dried in the sun to reduce moisture before storing.
    • Methods like winnowing and using dried neem leaves can help prevent spoilage and attack by insects and microorganisms.

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    Description

    Learn about the process of biological nitrogen fixation, its importance in soil replenishment, and how farmers can adopt this practice. Recall your previous knowledge about Rhizobium bacteria.

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