Biological Monosaccharides: Glucose in the Human Body
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Questions and Answers

What is the normal range for blood glucose levels in humans?

  • 150-160 mg/100 mL
  • 200-220 mg/100 mL
  • 80-90 mg/100 mL
  • 100-120 mg/100 mL (correct)
  • Which hormone stimulates the uptake of excess glucose by most cells in the body?

  • Insulin (correct)
  • Melatonin
  • Glucagon
  • Adrenaline
  • What hormone stimulates the release of glucose from the liver when blood glucose levels drop too low?

  • Glucagon (correct)
  • Insulin
  • Cortisol
  • Estrogen
  • What determines whether a sugar is classified as D or L?

    <p>The chiral carbon with the highest number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of glucose in the human body?

    <p>It is the most important sugar in the human body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are common sugars usually found in terms of their D and L forms?

    <p>Most common sugars are in the D form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when blood glucose concentrations drop too low?

    <p>The individual feels lightheaded and shaky</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood when glucose levels are low?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does insulin affect blood glucose levels?

    <p>Stimulates uptake of excess glucose by cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Fischer projections of monosaccharides, the most oxidized carbon is closest to the top, and the carbons are numbered from the top. If a chiral carbon with the highest number has the OH to the left, what form is the sugar in?

    <p>L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of insulin in regulating blood glucose levels in the body?

    <p>Stimulates uptake of glucose by most cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When blood glucose concentrations drop too low, which hormone stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What form are most common sugars found in?

    <p>D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a sugar is classified as D, what is the orientation of the OH group on the chiral carbon with the highest number?

    <p>Right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does glucagon have on blood glucose levels?

    <p>Stimulates liver to release glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

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