Biological Importance of Hydrogen Bonds in Water

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Questions and Answers

What is the critical biological importance of water mentioned in the text?

  • It absorbs and stores heat from the sun and air. (correct)
  • It acts as an excellent nucleophile in metabolic reactions.
  • It weakens electrostatic interactions between solute molecules.
  • It dissolves organic biomolecules with functional groups.

How does water contribute to decreasing in temperature?

  • By increasing the electrostatic interactions between solute molecules.
  • By dissolving organic biomolecules with functional groups.
  • By acting as a hydrogen donor in metabolic reactions.
  • By forming hydrogen bonds that give off heat. (correct)

In what way does water participate in dissolving organic biomolecules?

  • By acting as a nucleophile in metabolic reactions.
  • By serving as both a hydrogen donor and acceptor.
  • By providing lone pairs of electrons for hydrogen bonding.
  • By forming hydrogen bonds with solutes. (correct)

What role does water play as a nucleophile in metabolic reactions?

<p>It attacks electron-poor atoms as an excellent nucleophile. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes water's properties in relation to hydrogen bonding?

<p>Water forms hydrogen bonds by providing lone pairs of electrons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does water's ability to absorb heat impact the air around it?

<p>The air becomes warm due to the release of heat by water. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does each hydrogen atom in a water molecule have a partial positive charge?

<p>Because oxygen pulls electrons towards itself, leaving hydrogen with a partial positive charge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to water's high dielectric constant of 78.5 at 25°C?

<p>Its strong dipole nature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of linkage is formed between water molecules as a result of an electrostatic attraction?

<p>Hydrogen bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do carbon atoms not participate in hydrogen bonding in water?

<p>Because carbon is only slightly more electronegative than hydrogen. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do hydrogen bonds influence the physical properties of water?

<p>By increasing surface tension. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does water have a relatively high boiling point compared to other similar compounds?

<p>Because of the presence of hydrogen bonds between water molecules. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation used for?

<p>Calculating the pH of a buffer solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the pH scale measure?

<p>Acidity of a solution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a buffer solution?

<p>Ability to maintain relatively constant pH when an acid or base is added (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does buffer capacity refer to?

<p>The ability of a buffer solution to maintain a constant pH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of water in biochemistry?

<p>Water is involved as both a reactant and product in many metabolic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do hydrogen bonds in water differ across its three states?

<p>In solid state, hydrogen bonds are strongest; in liquid state, they are weakest; in gas state, hydrogen bonds are intermediate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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