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Questions and Answers
What defines commensalism in ecological interactions?
What defines commensalism in ecological interactions?
- Both organisms benefit from the relationship.
- One organism benefits while the other is harmed.
- Both organisms are harmed in the relationship.
- One organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefited. (correct)
Which scenario best illustrates mutualism?
Which scenario best illustrates mutualism?
- Two species competing for the same food source.
- A tape worm living in a human's intestine.
- Ants living in a tree providing protection to the tree. (correct)
- A bird building its nest in a tree.
What happens during interspecies competition?
What happens during interspecies competition?
- Two species vie for the same resource, leading to limited availability for each. (correct)
- Resources are evenly divided among the competing species.
- Two species benefit from sharing resources.
- One species benefits at the expense of the other.
Which of the following correctly describes heritable characteristics?
Which of the following correctly describes heritable characteristics?
Which characteristic serves as an example of discrete variation?
Which characteristic serves as an example of discrete variation?
What effect does resource partitioning have on species interaction?
What effect does resource partitioning have on species interaction?
What concept did Charles Darwin emphasize with regards to natural selection?
What concept did Charles Darwin emphasize with regards to natural selection?
What characterizes continuous variation in traits?
What characterizes continuous variation in traits?
What is the primary focus of biological diversity?
What is the primary focus of biological diversity?
Which term describes differences within a species?
Which term describes differences within a species?
What is the significance of the species name in the Linnaeus classification system?
What is the significance of the species name in the Linnaeus classification system?
Which of the following statements best describes symbiosis?
Which of the following statements best describes symbiosis?
Which of the following best defines a community in ecological terms?
Which of the following best defines a community in ecological terms?
What is the term for the union of male and female gametes to form a zygote?
What is the term for the union of male and female gametes to form a zygote?
How does genetic diversity contribute to the survival of a species?
How does genetic diversity contribute to the survival of a species?
Which characteristic is affected by environmental interactions in addition to being heritable?
Which characteristic is affected by environmental interactions in addition to being heritable?
What reproductive structure in plants is responsible for producing and storing pollen?
What reproductive structure in plants is responsible for producing and storing pollen?
Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor affecting an organism's survival?
Which of the following is NOT an abiotic factor affecting an organism's survival?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction?
Which kingdom in the 5 Kingdom Classification System includes bacteria?
Which kingdom in the 5 Kingdom Classification System includes bacteria?
In plants, what is the transferring of pollen from the anther to the stigma called?
In plants, what is the transferring of pollen from the anther to the stigma called?
Which type of reproduction results in genetically identical offspring?
Which type of reproduction results in genetically identical offspring?
What is the process called where one plant's pollen is carried to the stigma of another plant?
What is the process called where one plant's pollen is carried to the stigma of another plant?
Which of the following is NOT a form of asexual reproduction?
Which of the following is NOT a form of asexual reproduction?
What is the main characteristic of binary fission?
What is the main characteristic of binary fission?
Which of the following organisms primarily reproduces through budding?
Which of the following organisms primarily reproduces through budding?
What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
How do runners contribute to vegetative reproduction?
How do runners contribute to vegetative reproduction?
Which type of asexual reproduction creates structures similar to seeds?
Which type of asexual reproduction creates structures similar to seeds?
What role does DNA play in genetics?
What role does DNA play in genetics?
Which of the following is an example of vegetative reproduction?
Which of the following is an example of vegetative reproduction?
Which of the following components of DNA pairs with adenine?
Which of the following components of DNA pairs with adenine?
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Study Notes
Commensalism in Ecological Interactions
- One species benefits, while the other remains unaffected.
Mutualism
- Both species mutually benefit from the interaction.
Interspecies Competition
- Two or more species compete for the same resources, negatively impacting both.
Heritable Characteristics
- Traits passed from parents to offspring through genes.
Discrete Variation
- Traits with distinct categories, like blood type or flower color.
Resource Partitioning
- Species divide resources, reducing competition and promoting coexistence.
Natural Selection
- Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Continuous Variation
- Traits exist on a spectrum, like height or weight.
Biological Diversity
- The variety of life on Earth, encompassing species, genes, ecosystems.
Intraspecific Variation
- Differences within a species, contributing to genetic diversity.
Species Name in Linnaeus Classification System
- Consists of two parts: genus and specific epithet, uniquely identifying a species.
Symbiosis
- Any close and long-term interaction between two species, regardless of effect.
Community in Ecology
- Interacting populations of different species within a given area.
Fertilization
- Union of male and female gametes, forming a zygote, initiating development.
Genetic Diversity and Survival of Species
- Increased variation increases adaptability to changing environments.
Phenotype
- An organism's observable characteristics, shaped by genetics and environment.
Anther in Plants
- The pollen-producing structure of a flower.
Abiotic Factor
- Non-living component of an ecosystem, like temperature or light.
Disadvantage of Sexual Reproduction
- Requires finding a mate and may be less efficient in stable environments.
Kingdom with Bacteria
- Monera
Pollination
- Transferring pollen from the anther to the stigma in plants.
Asexual Reproduction
- Reproduction without the union of gametes, producing genetically identical offspring.
Cross-Pollination
- Transferring pollen from one plant to the stigma of another.
Asexual Reproduction Methods
- Budding, binary fission, vegetative reproduction, fragmentation, and spore formation.
Binary Fission
- Single-celled organisms divide into two identical cells..
Budding Organisms
- Hydra, yeast
Disadvantage of Asexual Reproduction
- Reduced genetic diversity, making offspring susceptible to environmental changes.
Runners in Vegetative Reproduction
- Horizontal stems that grow along the ground, producing new plants.
Bulbils
- Specialized structures resembling seeds, formed on a parent plant for asexual reproduction.
Role of DNA in Genetics
- Contains genetic information, passed down through generations, influencing traits.
Vegetative Reproduction Example
- Cuttings from a parent plant, rooting to produce new clones.
Adenine's Pairing Component in DNA
- Thymine
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