20 Questions
What are some examples of biological data collected from the biological world?
DNA sequence data, population data, genetical data, ecological data
What is the purpose of bioinformatics in relation to biological data?
Dealing with biomolecule’s related data collected from scientific experiments, published literatures, and computational analyses
How do bioinformaticists store biological data on DNA, RNA, and protein?
In digitalized form, i.e. in databases
What are some examples of the types of databases constructed by bioinformaticists?
DNA, RNA, and protein sequence data, structural information, gene expression data, molecular interaction data, mutation data, phenotypic data, metabolic pathways information, taxonomic information of biological organism
How can biological data be broadly classified in terms of databases?
Bibliographic databases, Taxonomic databases, Nucleic acid databases, Genomic databases, Protein databases
What is the purpose of a biological database?
To act as a repository of biological information for utilization by researchers.
What are the two main types of biological databases mentioned in the text?
Primary and Secondary
What type of information is stored in a Sequence database?
Information on sequence of DNA/nucleotide and protein
What is the purpose of GenBank sequence database?
To store an open access and annotated collection of nucleotide sequences and their protein translations
What is the role of DNA/nucleotide databases?
To store data on DNA/nucleotide sequences
Match the following with their classification in biological databases:
Protein families, domains and functional sites = Classification of proteins and identifying domains Enzymes/ metabolic pathways = Metabolic pathways DNA information = DNA/nucleotide database Literature = Literature based information
Match the types of biological databases with their respective contents:
Primary Database = Raw sequenced and annotated data derived experimentally Secondary Database = Composite Genome related information Sequence database = Information on sequence of DNA/nucleotide and protein Structure database = Structure Pathway related information
Match the following with the information they contain in biological databases:
GenBank = Annotated collection of nucleotide sequences and their protein translations Composite Genome related information = Information about genes and genetic sequences from various organisms Organism Specific database = Information about specific organisms' genetic data Biodiversity informatics database (Non-human) = Data related to non-human species for biodiversity studies
Match the types of biological databases with their accessibility:
Primary Database = Freely accessible through internet over World Wide Web Secondary Database = Accessible through specific research institutions Sequence database = Accessible through exchange of data between databases Structure database = Accessible for pathway related information
Match the following with their role in biological databases:
Biological databases = Act as repository of biological information for utilization by researchers DNA/nucleotide database = Stores data on DNA/nucleotide sequence Protein database = Stores data on protein sequences and their 3D structures Literature based information = Provides access to scientific literature related to biology
Match the following types of biological databases with their respective classifications:
Bibliographic databases = Biological Databases Taxonomic databases = Biological Databases Nucleic acid databases = Biological Databases Genomic databases = Biological Databases
Match the following types of biological data with their examples:
DNA sequence data = Biological Data Population data = Biological Data Genetical data = Biological Data Ecological data = Biological Data
Match the following types of information with the categories of biological data stored in databases:
Gene expression data = Biological Database Molecular interaction data = Biological Database Mutation data = Biological Database Phenotypic data = Biological Database
Match the following types of biological data with their digitalized forms:
DNA, RNA, and protein sequence data = Biological Data Structural information = Biological Data Metabolic pathways information = Biological Data Taxonomic information of biological organism = Biological Data
Match the following techniques/tools with their purpose in bioinformatics:
Scientific experiments = Purpose in bioinformatics Published literatures = Purpose in bioinformatics Computational analyses = Purpose in bioinformatics New techniques and computational tools = Purpose in bioinformatics
Study Notes
Biological Data and Bioinformatics
- Biological data is collected from the biological world, including DNA, RNA, and protein sequences.
- The purpose of bioinformatics is to analyze and interpret biological data to understand biological systems and develop new products.
Storage of Biological Data
- Bioinformaticists store biological data on DNA, RNA, and protein sequences using various databases.
- DNA, RNA, and protein sequences are stored as strings of letters representing the nucleotide or amino acid sequences.
Types of Biological Databases
- Examples of biological databases include:
- Sequence databases (e.g., GenBank)
- Structure databases
- Functional databases
- Interaction databases
- Pathway databases
- Biological databases can be broadly classified into:
- Primary databases (store raw data)
- Secondary databases (store annotated and analyzed data)
Purpose of Biological Databases
- The purpose of a biological database is to store, organize, and provide access to biological data for analysis and research.
Sequence Databases
- Sequence databases store information on DNA, RNA, and protein sequences.
- Examples of sequence databases include GenBank, RefSeq, and UniProt.
- GenBank sequence database stores annotated DNA sequences.
DNA/Nucleotide Databases
- DNA/nucleotide databases store information on DNA and RNA sequences.
- The role of DNA/nucleotide databases is to provide access to DNA and RNA sequence data for analysis and research.
Matching Exercises
- Match the following types of biological databases with their contents:
- Sequence databases: DNA, RNA, and protein sequences
- Structure databases: 3D structures of molecules
- Functional databases: functional information on genes and proteins
- Interaction databases: interactions between molecules
- Pathway databases: metabolic pathways
- Match the following biological databases with their accessibility:
- Public databases: publicly accessible
- Private databases: restricted access
- Match the following with their role in biological databases:
- Primary databases: store raw data
- Secondary databases: store annotated and analyzed data
- Match the following types of biological data with their examples:
- DNA sequences: human genome sequence
- Protein sequences: enzyme sequences
- RNA sequences: mRNA sequences
- Match the following types of information with the categories of biological data stored in databases:
- Sequence data: DNA, RNA, and protein sequences
- Structural data: 3D structures of molecules
- Functional data: functional information on genes and proteins
- Match the following types of biological data with their digitalized forms:
- DNA sequences: strings of A, C, G, and T
- Protein sequences: strings of amino acids
- RNA sequences: strings of A, C, G, and U
- Match the following techniques/tools with their purpose in bioinformatics:
- BLAST: sequence alignment
- ClustalW: multiple sequence alignment
- GENSCAN: gene prediction
Test your knowledge about biological data collection and databases in the field of bioinformatics with this quiz. Explore concepts related to DNA sequence data, population data, genetical data, ecological data, and computational analyses.
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