Biological Classification Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the highest classification rank of living organisms?

  • Kingdom
  • Domain (correct)
  • Class
  • Phylum

What are the three categories of Domain?

Eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea.

In biological classification, which taxonomic rank is between phylum and order?

  • Family
  • Genus
  • Class (correct)
  • Species

What ranks below the family in scientific classification?

<p>Genus</p> Signup and view all the answers

All organisms except for bacteria and archaea are eukaryotes.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call the kingdom comprising all living or extinct animals?

<p>Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Dichotomous Key used for?

<p>To divide organisms into smaller groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the highest classification into which living organisms are grouped?

<p>Kingdom</p> Signup and view all the answers

What taxonomic rank is used in the classification of organisms between class and family?

<p>Order</p> Signup and view all the answers

Species names are usually written in uppercase and italicized.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of organisms does Archaea comprise?

<p>Single-celled prokaryotic organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the biological classification category that includes protozoans and most algae?

<p>Protista</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many divisions are there in the system of classification?

<p>Seven</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prokarya have their genetic material enclosed in a nucleus.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining trait of the Protista kingdom?

<p>Eukaryotic organisms that are mostly unicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ranks are part of the hierarchy of biological classification?

<p>Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Bacteria as a group?

<p>Microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the taxonomic kingdom comprising all living or extinct plants?

<p>Plantae</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Domain

The highest level of classification, grouping organisms into three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.

Prokaryotes

Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Eukaryotes

Organisms with cells that contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Genus

A group of closely related species, ranking below Family and above Species.

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Species

The most specific classification level, grouping individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

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Class

A taxonomic rank between Phylum and Order, containing a group of related Orders.

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Animalia

The kingdom encompassing all animals, both living and extinct.

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Plantae

The kingdom encompassing all plants, both living and extinct.

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Protista

The diverse kingdom containing eukaryotic organisms like protozoans and algae, which can be unicellular or multicellular.

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Dichotomous Key

A system of classification that uses contrasting characteristics to categorize organisms, narrowing down options.

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Classification (Taxonomy)

The process of organizing living organisms into a hierarchical system based on their characteristics.

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Order

A taxonomic rank between Class and Family, containing a group of related Families.

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Family

A taxonomic rank below Order and above Genus, containing a group of related Genera.

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Kingdom

The highest classification in Linnean taxonomy, encompassing several Phyla.

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Phylum

A major taxonomic rank containing one or more Classes, highlighting the diversity within Kingdoms.

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Bacteria

One-celled organisms found everywhere, often playing important roles in fermentation and decomposition. They can be beneficial or harmful.

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Protozoa

Single-celled eukaryotic organisms that exhibit animal-like behaviors like movement and predation.

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Study Notes

Taxonomic Hierarchy

  • The highest classification rank is Domain, which contains three categories: eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea.
  • Class ranks between Phylum and Order in biological classification.
  • Genus represents a group of related organisms, ranking below Family and above Species in taxonomy.

Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

  • Eukarya encompass all organisms with cells that have membrane-enclosed organelles, including animals and plants, excluding bacteria and archaea.
  • Archaea are single-celled prokaryotic organisms distinguished from bacteria by distinct molecular characteristics.

Major Taxonomic Groups

  • Animalia refers to the kingdom containing all living and extinct animals.
  • Plantae comprises all living and extinct plants, forming one of the five biological kingdoms.
  • Protista is a diverse kingdom of eukaryotic organisms that may be unicellular or multicellular, including protozoans and algae.

Classification Process

  • Classification (taxonomy) categorizes living organisms into a structured hierarchy: Kingdom > Phylum > Class > Order > Family > Genus > Species.
  • A Dichotomous Key uses contrasting characteristics to classify organisms into smaller groups, effectively narrowing down options.

Species Definition

  • Species is a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; species names are written in lowercase and italicized.

Other Taxonomic Ranks

  • Kingdom is the highest classification in Linnean taxonomy that encompasses several Phyla.
  • Order ranks between Class and Family in the taxonomic hierarchy.
  • Family is so named for a lineage or group of related organisms, positioned between Genus and Order.

Microorganisms

  • Bacteria are one-celled organisms found in diverse environments and can be either pathogenic or beneficial, playing important roles in fermentation and decomposition.
  • Protozoa, considered unicellular eukaryotic organisms, exhibit animal-like behaviors such as movement and predation.

Phylum Overview

  • Phylum is a major taxonomic rank containing one or more Classes, emphasizing the diversity within kingdoms.

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