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BIOL 110: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of RNA polymerase in the process of transcription?

To read the codons in the correct reading frame
To translate the mRNA into a polypeptide
To catalyze RNA synthesis and join RNA nucleotides (correct)
To modify the ends of the primary transcript

What is the purpose of the 5' cap and poly-A tail added to the primary transcript during RNA processing?

To facilitate the export of mRNA to the cytoplasm
To protect mRNA from hydrolytic enzymes
To help ribosomes attach to the 5' end
All of the above (correct)

What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in the process of translation?

To regulate gene expression
To modify the polypeptide chain after synthesis
To facilitate the coupling of mRNA codons with tRNA anticodons (correct)
To synthesize polypeptides

What is the purpose of the signal peptide in protein synthesis?

To target polypeptides to specific locations (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation replaces one nucleotide and its partner with another pair of nucleotides?

Nucleotide-pair substitution (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of an operon in gene regulation?

To regulate gene expression through a single 'on-off switch' (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of histone acetylation in gene regulation?

To open up chromatin structure and promote transcription (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of enhancers in gene regulation?

To stimulate gene expression through protein-protein interactions (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a mutation that alters normal cell growth and division?

Cancer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of DNA methylation in gene regulation?

To condense chromatin and reduce transcription (B) Signup and view all the answers

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